From 修辭高峰會P.82~83 By 旋元佑
<EX>Some long-haul drivers skip sleep and avoid drowsiness by drinking a lot of coffee, which may reduce their alertness.(不佳)
本例中的形容詞子句(畫底線部分)是在逗點後面的句尾位置﹐造成關係詞which可能有兩個先行詞:一是前面的整句話﹐一是coffee(或是drinking a lot of coffee)。所以讀者無從判斷什麼東西會降低駕駛的警覺─到底是咖啡本身﹐還是靠咖啡提神而不睡覺的做法?遇到這種情形最好再加上一個同位格來釐清關係詞的先行詞為何:
<EX>Some long-haul drivers skip sleep and avoid drowsiness by drinking a lot of coffee, a substance that may reduce their alertness.(佳)
加上a substance(一種物質)作為coffee的同位格﹐也是關係詞htat的先行詞﹐讀者就很明白是咖啡這種東西不好﹐會讓人降低警覺。
<EX>Some long-haul drivers skip sleep and avoid drowsiness by drinking a lot of coffee, a practice that may reduce their alertness.
加上a practice(一種做法)﹐就是前面整句話的同位格﹐作為關係詞that的先行詞。這樣句意也很清楚:不睡覺靠咖啡硬撐﹐這種做法會讓人警覺度降低。
以上轉載自修辭高峰會...有興趣的同學看看了解了解....
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