[問題]OG 60

[ck1109]

60. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.
(A) like that of earlier generations
(B) as that for earlier generations
(C) just as earlier generations did
(D) as have earlier generations
(E) as it was of earlier generations

Ans: E

請問一下大家:
這題的OG解釋是it代替 "owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land " ;
而它說a,b選項中的"that" 則是lack a clear referent.
so...是不是that只能代替一個名詞呢?
因為之前我也一直以為it之類的代名詞只能代替名詞!
謝謝~

[dibert8]

OG: In E, the best choice, it refers unambiguously to the phrasal subject owing ... land, ...
1. 我以為it代替具體的東西(i.e. an object), that才能代替抽象的概念 (e.g. owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land). OG的解釋讓我搞不清楚了?? 難道it在這裡代替的是"主詞"; 把"主詞"當成一個物件?
2. it 不也指代不清嗎? 它可以指 poll, house, land, goal, ... 請幫幫忙指點迷津!

[dibert8]

答案 (E) 裡的 it 如果改成 that, 還是對的嗎? 為什麼用it?
如果 that 指代不清, 怎麼看出 that 跟 it 的差別?

[dibert8]

從OG: "Choices A and B lack a verb corresponding to is", 看出這題偏好有動詞的答案, 而且必須跟主句動詞的結構(i.e. be動詞)呼應, 有什麼典故可循?

[hwatai]

以下是來欣方老的解說

1. 以動名詞開始的主詞，可以用代名詞it來代替
2. a is b, like that of c → that 指 a
但本題的that指goal (b) →比較錯誤，故(A)不對
3. (E)還原句為 as it was (a goal) of earlier generations

[dibert8]

感謝!

揣摩一下.

Her career is a teacher, like that of her father.
如果這樣: She is a teacher, like that of her father. 就不對了! 原來方老講的句型 "of +N" 是所有格.

這樣了了. e.g. This diamond is beautiful, like that on her necklace.
(i.e. 項鍊上那一顆跟這一顆不是同一顆)

Seeing is believing, like that of a tour to the National Palace Museum. => that 指啥? 可能就是 OG 說的 lack a clear reference.
公式還是不能亂套:)

Seeing is believing in a tour to the National Palace Museum today, as it was before.

The stock market was plumeted on February 27, as it had been on 911.

請指教.

[hwatai]

第2點的部份　我好像有寫錯，重來一次

a is b, like that of c　
↑↑↑↑↑　a、that 同質或同類物品

(反過來比較容易懂：like that of c, a is b，即一般Like X..., Y...的結構)

所以回到本題(A)選項

... (owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land) is (a goal) of a majority of young adult...., like (that) of earlier generations

that在原意上希望指goal，但是用了like，that就不是goal了，而是指涉到主要子句的主詞，導致句意有誤。

[EmilySu]

ETS很喜歡考it 跟 that的差異，根據登峰陳菱芷老師的解釋，it 是同一個字，意思也是一樣，而that則是同一個字，但內容不同，以這題來說，it所代表的意思是，年輕人跟他們的父母都有同樣一個"目標"，那就是都擁有freestanding house，由此可知，it所代表的是 a goal，而(A) and (B) 選項不能選的原因，在於that，會讓人誤會他們的目標內涵不一樣。
(C)不能選的原因是did助動詞的問題，(D)倒裝的問題。而(E)的選項就很清楚的告訴讀者，二代的目標都是一樣，都希望擁有freestanding house。

我還蠻能接受這樣的解釋，因為無論在pp,GWD,南陽考古題等，只要遇到it 跟 that二者做選擇時，我都會認真看題目，看看原題所要表達的真正意思是什麼，反問自己，是同一個字，不同內涵，還是內涵跟字義根本是一樣。
OG10th 第8題也是同漾的概念。

[EmilySu]

啊～忘記提到，這一題還有like 跟 as的問題，如果能從這it & that 以及 as & like這二個地方著手，很快就能瞭解這一題所要表達的意思囉!!

[hwatai]

ETS很喜歡考it 跟 that的差異，根據登峰陳菱芷老師的解釋，it 是同一個字，意思也是一樣，而that則是同一個字，但內容不同，以這題來說，it所代表的意思是，年輕人跟他們的父母都有同樣一個"目標"，那就是都擁有freestanding house，由此可知，it所代表的是 a goal，而(A) and (B) 選項不能選的原因，在於that，會讓人誤會他們的目標內涵不一樣。
(C)不能選的原因是did助動詞的問題，(D)倒裝的問題。而(E)的選項就很清楚的告訴讀者，二代的目標都是一樣，都希望擁有freestanding house。

我還蠻能接受這樣的解釋，因為無論在pp,GWD,南陽考古題等，只要遇到it 跟 that二者做選擇時，我都會認真看題目，看看原題所要表達的真正意思是什麼，反問自己，是同一個字，不同內涵，還是內涵跟字義根本是一樣。
OG10th 第8題也是同漾的概念。

看法不同：

本題(E)的it不是指goal，OG的解釋中提到："it" refers unambiguously to the phrasal subject owning...land

所以正確選項中(E)的it不是指goal，而是(owning...land)這一句主詞，因此(E)的還原句是：
(E) as owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land was a goal of earlier generations.

(E) as it was (a goal 受詞重覆省略) of earlier generations

[dibert8]

啊～忘記提到，這一題還有like 跟 as的問題，如果能從這it & that 以及 as & like這二個地方著手，很快就能瞭解這一題所要表達的意思囉!!

看看能不能理一個通則:似乎 like 必需跟不同的東西比較,所以如果指相同名詞一定是 like that , as it .有此一說嗎?

[alisonc]

之前忘記在咖啡店還是CD上看到的:
it, that都可以指代前面所提之名詞,
it表示與所代之名詞為同一個
that表示同一類,非同一個,指這一類中的某一個(that為指示代n., 對比one所代的為任意一個)

[alisonc]

一個相同代名詞在同一句子中不能代替兩個名詞的例子

OV53. In a 5-to-4 decision，the Supreme Court ruled that two upstate New York counties owed restitution to three tribes of Oneida Indians for the unlawful seizure of their ancestral lands in the eighteenth century．
(A) that two upstate New York counties owed restitution to three tribes of Oneida Indians for the unlawful seizure of
(B) that two upstate New York counties owed restitution to three tribes of Oneida Indians because of their unlawful seizure of
(C) two upstate New York counties to owe restitution to three tribes of Oneida Indians for their unlawful seizure of
(D) on two upstate New York counties that owed restitution to three tribes of Oneida Indians because they unlawfully seized
(E) on the restitution that two upstate New York counties owed to three tribes of Oneida Indians for the unlawful seizure of

ans: A

[dibert8]

60. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.
(A) like that of earlier generations
(B) as that for earlier generations
(C) just as earlier generations did
(D) as have earlier generations
(E) as it was of earlier generations

(A) adults =/= that, i.e. 比較不同類 (majority 也不能用 that; a majority of adults 要視為一體,用 those: like those 然後就 awkward 給它不對)
(B) as 當介係詞: adults =/= that; as 當連接詞: 要接句子
(C) 受詞比較不要助動詞 did
(D) 受詞比較不要助動詞;時態不對
(E) 對稱 (S + be), 時態運用也正確

[alisonc]

60. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.
(A) like that of earlier generations
(B) as that for earlier generations
(C) just as earlier generations did
(D) as have earlier generations
(E) as it was of earlier generations

(A) adults =/= that, i.e. 比較不同類 (majority 也不能用 that; a majority of adults 要視為一體,用 those: like those 然後就 awkward 給它不對)
(B) as 當介係詞: adults =/= that; as 當連接詞: 要接句子
(C) 受詞比較不要助動詞 did
(D) 受詞比較不要助動詞;時態不對
(E) 對稱 (S + be), 時態運用也正確

好像有點懂又不太懂了~~
(A)除了平衡問題不如(E)好
是出在that的指代上, 是因為that不能指代phrase, 也不能指代goal嗎? 為何?

dibert8說的adults 不等於that? 從何而來?

感謝解惑