OG181, 109 (require的用法)

[EmmaYeh]

回應一下本篇用法，在我問那題很怪的although問題時本來也要問這個，
但發現板上有討論過就沒再問，我本來也想難道是主被動的問題？
但如果只是這樣我還是覺得哪�怪怪的，因為很少見到一字只因主被動可用法不同
所以我就去問了一下我的ABC朋友...

想當然爾，ABC根本不會文法，但他跟我說，這兩句意思感覺起來就不一樣，
所以我努力回家想了想，於是有以下個人猜測結論：
在109題，require是"命令、要求"的意思，與demand、mandate、order差不多意思，
也所以他們一樣都可套用"命令動詞(require/demand/...)+that+S+原型動詞..
的這種句型，而且命令of 人 to V是錯的!
而在181題，require的意思是偏近"需要"而非"命令"
在這種時候，就可以說Sth is required of firms to survive.
用句意去感覺，就可以發覺在命令的時候說require of 人 to do sth是不對的
而的確在當"需要"時，多數會寫成這樣被動式，
把required弄成有點像形容詞來用，意思是"對於公司，要生存sth是必需要的"
(當然也可以寫成主動啦，但多數見到的都是這樣被動型態)
以上是我小小體會心得，也不見得完全是對，僅供大家參考

[魚]

屑謝艾瑪姑娘的心得分享 (敲字辛苦哩 給你搥背 )

[yangyear]

是否又有一個說法:
require N ...to do 用於有罰責的強制
require of N...to do 用於道德性勸說

[liwuu]

是否又有一個說法:
require N ...to do 用於有罰責的強制
require of N...to do 用於道德性勸說

黃豐陽老師是怎樣說的...
不過個人覺得姑且聽聽~~
可能類似這種文法概念,我覺得並不是很有一個準則...

[jay41]

"在老莫的講義中有一說：
向某人要求，介詞用of 不用 from
What do you require of me? 你對我有何要求？"
如果照老莫的講法，所以主動也是可以囉？

還有，為何被動式時，不直接加by呢？
不是也有be required by sb to do sth 這種用法。
required by firms to survive


麻煩各位大大囉.....謝謝

[cheyen]

*-) 請教諸位關於跳躍修飾
(A )選項中的 that 跳過最近的skill 而去修飾jobs
除了靠它後面的 are去判斷that 修飾的對象
有沒有其他方法可以判斷出 that 就是修飾jobs呢

可以告訴我跳躍修飾的用法原則嗎? 謝謝囉

109.Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires of both public and private employers that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.

(A) that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are

-------------------------------------
比較:
that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill usually held by men.[/rainbow]
（usually held by men修飾skill）
that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.
（據主謂一致原則，加that are後強制性的使之修飾更遙遠的jobs。和og85 的that is bringing同理）

[whoopsnow]

小小覺得這題其實不用搞到研究require的用法那麼複雜
這題原本是一個邏輯的問題
請看：

Because of the... expenditures required of FIRMS to survive, ... SUCH FIRMS tend .....
為了呼應"such" firms, 前面必須也提到firms
所以ACD全錯

再來就是研究E: FOR FIRMS' SURVIVAL
在一個所謂"前面必須也提到firms"的情形之下，
此firms必須以一種主語的形式出現
of firms to survive的firms就是一種主語的感覺
for firms' survival的重點則跑到了survival, 而firms'變成了形容詞(所有格)!!!!(而且，根據OG，是一種很爛的所有格)，完全不符合「需要主語」的要求

[shine_allen]

支持EmmaYeh
181.是形容詞用法而不是require of 的句型,也不式被動的用法,所以用of不用by
而109是require of 的句型,這2題並沒有關聯,不能相提並論
EmmaYeh

[hcgh]

require在Oxford裡的其中一個意思如下：
[often passive] require sth (of sb) to make sb do or have sth, especially because it is necessary according to a particular law or set of rules:
[vn] What exactly is required of a receptionist (= what are they expected to do)? Ç The wearing of seat belts is required by law. Ç ‘Hamlet’ is required reading (= must be read) for this course. Ç Several students failed to reach the required standard. Ç [vn to inf] All candidates will be required to take a short test.

181應該是這種用法吧

expenditures are required of firms to survive...
這裡的to有可能不是require sth to do sth的to, 而是in order to的意思

[autumn713]

*-) 請教諸位關於跳躍修飾
(A )選項中的 that 跳過最近的skill 而去修飾jobs
除了靠它後面的 are去判斷that 修飾的對象
有沒有其他方法可以判斷出 that 就是修飾jobs呢

可以告訴我跳躍修飾的用法原則嗎? 謝謝囉

109.Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires of both public and private employers that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.

(A) that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are

-------------------------------------
比較:
that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill usually held by men.[/rainbow]
（usually held by men修飾skill）
that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.
（據主謂一致原則，加that are後強制性的使之修飾更遙遠的jobs。和og85 的that is bringing同理）

謝謝解釋
但是我要怎麼知道　哪時後要補出　that is/are 哪時後不要補出?

[dibert8]

skill (that is) held by men 就近修飾,通常'關代+be'應該省略(不簡潔),但題目非劃線部份卻常見.
jobs {requiring comparable skill} that are usually held... '關代+be'也常修飾被修飾語(介係詞/分詞片語)修飾的名詞;跳躍修飾時,幾乎 that be 都寫出來,不然會修飾不清.
因此當 that 寫出來,其實是依句意決定修飾哪個名詞.

[pimi]

弱弱的問
請問Q181的E為何不對??

以下為OG解釋
In choice E, the illogical and awkward use of a prepositional phrase ( for firms' survival) buries the needed initial reference to firms in a possessive modifier.

但......我還是不知道為何E不對 @@

[pimi]

弱弱的問
請問Q181的E為何不對??

以下為OG解釋
In choice E, the illogical and awkward use of a prepositional phrase ( for firms' survival) buries the needed initial reference to firms in a possessive modifier.

但......我還是不知道為何E不對 @@

[dibert8]

解釋說 firms 被所有格藏住了; firm 是 survival 的主角,不宜這樣使用.

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

推一下
總結的真好