[問題]GWD3-Q39

[clarence]

我也覺得Answer:
雖然事後看答案後發現有個and
但當初考的時候覺得很漂亮,完全沒問題
我對At的感覺就是,要去抓句子每個部分想要呈現的意義
我認為carry as many as seven passengers和後面的3個動詞所要傳達意思是兩個區塊
前者在講說M車達到可載多少人,後者則提到與其他SUV相比,多了哪幾項好處中間的修飾語放的很漂亮,一方面避免ed直接修飾前名詞
一方面讓我在看後面的動詞前,就有一個期待感,這些動詞是和most sports utility相比的,而能載七個人,是一個前半部的說明重點,這題出現的同時,已經有能載7個人的SUV,但卻是少數,所以不應該只是用carrying這個修飾語帶掉,而是要作為讓讀者注意到這一部份好的特點,as many as 強調的是可以到7個人這樣多,卻不是compared to most(因為只有少數能載七人,能辦到還不賴!)sport vehicle,as many as. 所以才構成在and後用逗號分開的理由:and,compared to....,讓讀者明顯知道是爲了往後修飾的(不然感覺是大部分都能載7人,M車只是達到這標準)...後半部的地方是除了承載量達到了目前的前端水準,還有以下的好處,所以本來就應該用and,而非but,這樣的寫法能讓我清楚感受到各部分存在的意義

另外關於雙重修飾語的地方,我有作筆記,OG 11th 102題
Beatrix Potter,in her book illustrations,carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen obervation and love of the natural world.

正解 C In her book illustrations, which she carefully corrdinating twith her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations

Logical prediction and Rhetorical construction

This sentence awkardly presents two phrases intended to modify Beatrix Potter and loses the clarity and logic of the meaning. In the original sentenc, these modifiers sound choppy and create too much separation bettween the subject, Beatrix Potter, and the verb capitalized. Beginning the sentence with in her book illustrations and following that phrase with the relative clause which she carefully corrdinated with her narratives allows the subject, Beatrix Potter, to be united with the verb, capitalized for a stronger main clause.

A The modifying elements are poorly placed and leave the subject too far from the verb

C Correct. The correct placement of the modifying elements makes this sentence easier to understand; the use of which clearly links the two elements.

另外 OG 245
245. Unlike Schoenberg's twelve-tone system that dominated the music of the postwar period, Bartok founded
no school and left behind only a handful of disciples.

(C) Schoenberg, whose twelve-tone system dominated
(E) Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system, dominating
C, the best answer, is the only choice that makes a logical comparison: Unlike Schoenberg, .. . Bartok. In E, the comparison is illogical and the modification is ambiguous. Schoenberg andhis system, as a unit, are not only compared to Bartok, an individual, but also credited with having formed a
school. .The verb phrase dominating ... is called a "squinting modifier" because it looks in both directions: given
the structure of the sentence, it could be meant to modify either Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system or
Bartokcolor

所以D的ambiguity很嚴重,有版友解釋說compared to可當副詞修飾語往後那個可當修飾動詞,在我看來正因它可當形容詞修飾語往前又可當副詞修飾語往後才在語意上不清很嚴重,等同OG245所說的"squinting modifier"
即使讓我再選一次我還是選A,因為我對這整句的期盼和情感上,恰恰好就是不希望這幾個動詞平衡

[clarence]

查過SUV的資訊時,讓我堅信答案是A,並修改原說明第二段如下,請各位戰友給評論:

一方面讓我在看後面的動詞前,就有一個期待感,這些動詞是和most sports utility相比的,而能載七個人,是一個前半部的說明重點,這題出現的同時,已經有能載7個人的SUV,但卻是少數,所以不應該只是用carrying這個修飾語帶掉,而是要作為讓讀者注意到這一部份好的特點,as many as 強調的是可以到7個人這樣多,卻不是compared to most sport vehicle,as many as. 所以才構成在and後用逗號分開的理由:and,compared to....,讓讀者明顯知道是爲了往後修飾的(不然感覺是大部分都能載7人,M車只是達到這標準)...後半部的地方是除了承載量達到了目前的前端水準,還有以下的好處,所以本來就應該用and,而非but,這樣的寫法能讓我清楚感受到各部分存在的意義

[SELVICHY]

我相當同意david的說法.
minivans"[u]可以載七個人[/u]",而且跟其他車比,"[u]省錢,跑得遠,方便,且跑得順[/u]"
兩個述語部,相當符合句意至上的原則.
至於選項A前面的and就是兩個述語部的連接詞,後面的and則是第二個述語部裡面各項優點的連接詞.
OG裡面的確有一題是這樣,似乎是提到好幾個中東地方的國家名字的題目.
選項D的CARRYING插入句,屬於可以省略的地位,已經改變句意了,
不管你如何合理地還原他,他都已經改變了原先述語部的地位了.
A跟D的文法都對,但依照ETS句意至上原則,A是最好的.

[modern]

Minivans carry as many as seven passengers ,and compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.

A. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers ,and compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,


大夥們別爭了
看看如果逗點改個地方是不是就對了

本題我選D 對我來說那個and後面塞了逗點的結構實在太奇怪了

但如果逗點改這樣我會選A

結構變成前句後句用 ",連接詞"完整連接

看了老外的forum說這可能是老管當初抄題目沒超好的typo...小弟個人認為言之有理
考試出出來的話大家注意一下 如果不是typo...也沒輒嚕

[Belief]

這個題目，答案是D

Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.

A. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

B. Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, they cost less,

C. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers, in comparison with most sport utility vehicles, and have a lower cost, they

D. Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers,
compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

E. Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles the cost is lower, and they

理由是
這是平行結構的問題
如莫老大所言，插入語不看
D的答案
Minivans為主詞
cost 動詞一
get 動詞二
allow 動詞三
and have 動詞四

原句有兩個AND造成結構不夠明確
當然是以奉行平行結構的D選項為正解，最為恰當

[whyc0907]

Q39:
Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.

A. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

B. Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, they cost less,

C. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers, in comparison with most sport utility vehicles, and have a lower cost, they

D. Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers,
compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

E. Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles the cost is lower, and they


我的判斷是先從原題句尾未畫線的部分看到「,and」先平衡三個....

所以答案選項中為「cost less」的對...所以答案剩下ABD

接著我覺得這三個答案都有點怪...A跟B我還知道為什麼錯....

可是D....誰可以幫我把關代子句還原一下....我實在頭都快昏了....... :-S

今天早上的修辭專班,莫老的解釋如下:

先消去C
因為是流水句
Minivan 為主詞,動詞是 carry,答案選項最後是they,前面有 comma
缺少連接詞

消去A
因為 and 的緣故,carry 應與 cost平衡
後面其他的動詞沒有 and 無法平衡
前面一組動詞,後面也一組,這兩組動詞沒有連接詞,所以無法平衡

消去B
因為代名詞they, they代替minivan,應提公因式,避免redundancy

消去E
理由同B,且原題cost為動詞,E選項的cost為名詞,改變句意

選 D
理由是平衡法
cost..., get..., allow..., and have... 動詞平衡
compare with 為分詞片語
X be compared with Y,
X Y比較要同類,副詞子句改為分詞片語
原句為 if minivans are compared with most sport utility vehicles
carrying as many as seven passengers,為形容詞子句改為分詞片語
如果carrying as many as seven passengers 與 compared with most sport utility vehicles 皆為形容詞子句,缺少連接詞
所以莫老不願意將後一句認為是形容詞子句
且形容詞子句跟副詞子句性質不同,無法連接

如果在寫作文時為避免爭議,應將
Carrying as many as seven passengers
放在句首,就不會有爭議

[CarrieLee789]

我覺得A有瑕疵的原因是....
在A裡面，小卡車載七個人，價格較低、可以讓乘客自由下車而且坐起來較舒適。
這聽起來有點怪怪的
如果可以改：小卡車”可以載”七個人，而且價格較低…
或是
那輛"載七個人"的小卡車，價格較低...
A就會比較好一些

[autumn713]

我當初也選A不過隔天再寫一次又選了D.
理由是雖然我覺得AD都不是我們習慣的標準寫法 但是
A明顯多了一個and導致
M carry***and cost less, get ***, allow*** and have ***.
中間明顯多了一個"and"
D雖然中間夾了兩個形容詞子句 本來應該不是 ETS所愛的款 不過在這裡因為沒有文法錯誤 所以勉強選

[keane0727]

我當初也選A不過隔天再寫一次又選了D.
理由是雖然我覺得AD都不是我們習慣的標準寫法 但是
A明顯多了一個and導致
M carry***and cost less, get ***, allow*** and have ***.
中間明顯多了一個"and"
D雖然中間夾了兩個形容詞子句 本來應該不是 ETS所愛的款 不過在這裡因為沒有文法錯誤 所以勉強選

不覺得A多了一個and, A是大排列中套小排列的方法如OG 11 (verbal) Q1 Some bat caves, like honeybee hives, have residents that take on different duties such as defending the entrance, acting as sentinels and sounding a warning at the approach of danger, and scouting outside the cave for new food and roosting sites
紅體字是大排列，中間粗體字是小排列，有兩個and

A. minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utilit vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.
紅體字是大排列，中間粗體字是小排列
大排列的and是連接minivans的優點，小排列是跟most sport vehicles比較下才有的優點

D是否會有subject-verb的分裂結構？carrying as...., compared with ....兩分詞片語是否需要連接詞？compared緊跟在passengers後面是否會造成理解上的失誤？

[mandy-lo]

GWD-3-Q39:
Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.

A.Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,
B.Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, they cost less,
C.Minivans carry as many as seven passengers, in comparison with most sport utility vehicles, and have a lower cost, they
D.Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,
E.Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles the cost is lower, and they


這題我覺得應該要由出題者自己站出來表述自己真正的句意.
因為單純從句意上解讀A與D會有不同的意思出現
A表示Minivans carry7位乘客以及cost less, get better…, allow passengers.....and have a …….與SUV相比
→很明顯A有5個動詞平行
D表示可乘載7位乘客的Minivans,與SUV相比, cost less, get better…, allow passengers.....and have a …….

以上句意上A\D明顯不同….哪個對由ETS決定!!!!!!

[dibert8]

(A) Minivans {{carry ... }and, compared with SUVs, {cost less, get better ..., allow...more easily, and have a smoother ...}}
第一個 and 平衡兩端, 但是 carry 和後面那一串 cost ... 在意義上並不對等; carry 是 minivan 的特性, cost ... 並不是它的特性,而是和SUV的差異,以 and 連接感覺搭不起來. 如果 and 只是拿來連接相同的詞性,文法正確,但並不會顯出 and 在修辭上的深度(不過是連接詞罷了).

(D) Minivans, ..., ..., {cost less}, {get better ...}, {allow...more easily}, and {have a smoother ...}
and 平衡四個, 全部都是和SUV的差異.這樣的連接,突顯以 and 平衡的專業.

[dibert8]

一個月之後回來做這題,有了不一樣的解讀!原因在對於非限定用法的理解.

在 OG 的解釋裡,現在分詞引導的次要結構修飾全句,主詞同前句主詞.另外,分詞引導的次要結構只能修飾前面句子,性質為形容詞片語,跟分詞構句放在句首往後修飾主要子句是完全不同的兩碼子事.(分詞構句是主要結構的一部份.)

因此,像 (D) 這樣的句子: N, Ving... 在 OG 幾乎都不是答案,因為 Ving 要修是全句,而一個名詞顯然不能成為一個句子.正確的寫法,如果稍微注意的話,會發現是長這個樣子: N, which +V... 因為 which 必須有所代,而且 OG 的 which 不會去指代整句,它幾乎都是代一個名詞:就是逗點前面那個名詞.所以 ",Ving" 的精神是在句子後面以 S..., Ving... 的形式出現.

以 OG 的精神來解題, (D) carrying 不能修飾 Minivans 一個字(正確用法是 Minivans, which carry...). compared 有兩個先行詞(句),不知道要修是哪一個,修飾 carrying... 沒有主詞,也改變句意,原句應該是修飾 minivans.

(A) 兩個 and 的平衡,第一個 and 平衡兩個,第二個 and 平衡四個.逗點一定要打在第一個 and 後面. 逗點打在前面,不平衡;前後都加逗點,變成三個以上平衡, and 多餘. compared 的主詞為 minivans.
i.e. Minivans {carry ... }and, compared with SUVs, {[cost...], [get...], [allow...], and [have...]}

[小花]

一個月之後回來做這題,有了不一樣的解讀!原因在對於非限定用法的理解.

在 OG 的解釋裡,現在分詞引導的次要結構修飾全句,主詞同前句主詞.另外,分詞引導的次要結構只能修飾前面句子,性質為形容詞片語,跟分詞構句放在句首往後修飾主要子句是完全不同的兩碼子事.(分詞構句是主要結構的一部份.)

因此,像 (D) 這樣的句子: N, Ving... 在 OG 幾乎都不是答案,因為 Ving 要修是全句,而一個名詞顯然不能成為一個句子.正確的寫法,如果稍微注意的話,會發現是長這個樣子: N, which +V... 因為 which 必須有所代,而且 OG 的 which 不會去指代整句,它幾乎都是代一個名詞:就是逗點前面那個名詞.所以 ",Ving" 的精神是在句子後面以 S..., Ving... 的形式出現.

以 OG 的精神來解題, (D) carrying 不能修飾 Minivans 一個字(正確用法是 Minivans, which carry...). compared 有兩個先行詞(句),不知道要修是哪一個,修飾 carrying... 沒有主詞,也改變句意,原句應該是修飾 minivans.

(A) 兩個 and 的平衡,第一個 and 平衡兩個,第二個 and 平衡四個.逗點一定要打在第一個 and 後面. 逗點打在前面,不平衡;前後都加逗點,變成三個以上平衡, and 多餘. compared 的主詞為 minivans.
i.e. Minivans {carry ... }and, compared with SUVs, {[cost...],

[get...], [allow...], and [have...]}

So dibert8 大 大分析的結果答案是 A 嗎?

[dibert8]

這一題爭議在 (A) (D).
比較傾向選 (A) : 1. 插句 compared with... 修飾位置正確, 2. and 平衡.
(D) 有些疑慮: 1. carrying..., compared... 皆試圖修飾主詞 minivans => fragment, 2. compared... 修飾不清 (i.e. 修飾 passengers? which...? minivans?), 3. 結構(句意)改變.

[ggethan]

今天看到pp2-42聯想到這題 更確定ans應為(a)
pp2-42
During the same period in which the Maya were developing a hieroglyphic system of writing, the Aztec people also developed a written language, but it was not as highly sophisticated as that of the Maya and was more pictographic in nature.

(A) but it was not as highly sophisticated as that of the Maya and was
(B) but it was not as highly sophisticated as the Maya, being
(C) but, not as highly sophisticated as the Maya's, was
(D) not as highly sophisticated as that of the Maya, however, being
(E) not as highly sophisticated as the Maya's however, it was

pp這題的寫法跟本題機乎一樣
pp這題不選(c)的原因是comma後出現but, not as highly sophisticated as the Maya's, was
but後省掉的依句意應該優先補出the Aztec people 造成句意錯誤 因為是written language才highly sophisticated
而本題的and前既沒comma(表主詞不可能移轉,還是minivan),而且省掉的主詞應該也是優先補minivan,這兩種看法都不會使句意ambuguity
所以(a)的修飾一定沒錯

反觀(d)Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,
...compared有可能修飾minivan也有可能修釋passanger,有夠ambiguity