感謝pufa找到的文法
強調句用法一覽
強調句是一種修辭,是人們為了表達自己的意願或情感而使用的一種形式,下面簡單歸納它的幾種結構:
1.用助動詞“do(does╱did)+動詞原形”來表示強調:
He does know the place well.他的確很熟悉這個地方。
Do write to me when you get there.你到那兒后務必給我來信。
2.用形容詞very,only,single,such等修飾名詞或形容詞來加強語氣:
That\'s the very textbook we used last term.這正是我們上學期用過的教材。
You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.你是這里唯一會講漢語的人。
Not a single person has been in the shop this morni ng.今天上午這個商店里連一個人都沒有。
How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎麼敢買這麼貴的寶石呢?
3.用ever,never,very,just等副詞和badly,highly,really等帶有-l y的副詞來進行強調:
Why ever did you do so?你究竟為什麼要這麼做?
He never said a word the whole day.一整天,他一句話也沒說。
You\'ve got to be very,very careful.你一定得非常、非常小心。
This is just what I wanted.這正是我所要的。
He was badly wounded.他傷得很嚴重。
I really don\'t know what to do next.我的確不知道下一步該怎麼做。
4.用in the world,on earth,at all等介詞短語可以表達更強的語氣(常用於疑問句):
Where in the world could he be?他到底會在哪兒?
What on earth is it?它究竟是什麼?
Do you know at all?你到底知不知道?
5.用感嘆句來表示強烈的感情,突出說話人的情感:
How interesting a story it is!這是一個多麼有趣的故事啊!
Oh,what a lie!啊,真是彌天大謊!
6.用重復來表示強調:
Why!why!The cage is empty!啊!啊!箱子是空的。
They walked for miles and miles.他們走了好多英里。
7.用倒裝句(也就是將要強調的句子或被強調的部分置於句首)來加強語氣:
On the table were some flowers.桌上擺著一些花。(強調地點)
Many a time have I climbed that hill.我多次翻過那座山。
Only in this way,can we solve this problem.只有這樣,我們才能解決這個問題。
8.用強調句型:“It is(was)+被強調的部分+that(who)+原句其它部分”來強調說話人的意願:
It was on Monday night that all this happened.所有這一切發生在周一晚上。
It\'s me that he blamed.他怪的是我。
9.用If來表示強調:
1)If從句+I don\'t know who╱what,etc.does╱is╱has,etc.;主語部分也可以用nobody does╱is╱has,etc.或everybody does╱is╱has,et c.來代替(這里的if從句往往是正話反說,反話正說):
If he can\'t do it,I don\'t know who can.要是他做不了這件事,我不知道還有誰能做。(強調只有他能做)
If Jim is a coward,everybody is.要是吉姆是個膽小鬼,那麼人人都是膽小鬼。(強調吉姆不是膽小鬼)
2)if從句+it be主句(此用法可看成是第8中強調句型的變形,即把所要強調的內容放在it be的后面,把其它內容放在由if引導的從句中):
If anyone knew the truth,it was Tom.如果說誰了解事實的真相,那便是湯姆。
If there is one thing he loves,it is money.如果說世界上還有他愛的東西,那便是金錢。
10.用破折號、黑體字也可以表示強調,加強語氣:
It\'s because of hard work—ten years of hard work.那是因為艱苦的工作--十年艱苦的工作!
He began the work in late May.他在五月底開始的這項工作。(強調時間) (江蘇 陳力銘 崔艷)
為了更準確地表達思想感情,使語言生動有力,產生鮮明的概念,具有更充分的說服力,作者往往採用各種方式對句子某些成分或整個句子進行強調。常用來表達強調的句型有:
1. It is... that 句型。該結構可以對句子中除謂語之外的各個成分進行強調。如:
It is conflict that keeps freedom alive. 是沖突使自由充滿活力。
It is with genuine feeling that the author praises all that is progressive. 作者帶著真實的感情贊揚一切進步的事物。
2. 修辭問句表示強調。這類句子形式上是問句,實際上並不需要回答,只是用這一形式來加強語氣。如:
Can anyone doubt the wisdom of this action? 誰能懷疑這一行為的明智呢?
In time of danger, of what avail are fair words and promises? 危難之時,巧言與許諾又有何用?
3. 雙重否定和重復表示強調。如:
There is no surgical patient I can't treat competently, treat just as well or better than any other surgeon. 任何外科病人我都能輕松地進行治療,我的治療跟其他的外科醫生一樣高明,甚至比他們更為高明。
There is no goal that you can't obtain so long as you have an honest attitude and strong will. 只要你有誠實的態度和堅強的意志,沒有達不到的目標。
A man who does not try to learn from others can't hope to achieve much. 一個不向別人學習的人是不能指望有多大成就的。
In America women still don't get the recognition they deserve for their efforts, and rapists still don't get the punishment they deserve for their crimes. 在美國婦女付出努力卻沒有得到承認,而強奸犯犯罪卻沒有得到懲罰。
4. 感嘆句及祈使句表示強調。如:
How sweet the air was, how green the familiar shores of my native land seemed! 那空氣多麼清新,那熟悉的故鄉海岸線又是多麼的碧藍啊!
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today! 今天能做的事情切不可拖到明天!
Fancy inviting guests and not treating them properly!真沒想到請了客人卻不好好招待!
5. 帶有if從句的陳述句表示強調。如:
If there is one thing he likes, it is money. 如果說有一件東西他喜歡的話,那就是錢。
If ever little feet were made for dancing, hers ere. 如果說有一雙小巧玲瓏的腳為跳舞而生,那就是她的腳。
He is seventy years old, if a day. But he still works eight hours every day. 他確實已經七十歲了,但仍每天工作八小時。
The specialist in biology works hard; he is nothing if not diligent. 這位生物學家工作努力,非常勤奮。