pp T2-8

[ch655194]

8. Ozone, a special form of oxygen that screens out harmful ultraviolet rays, reaches high concentrations twelve miles above Earth, where it has long appeared that it was immune from human influence; we have now realized, though, that emissions of industrial chlorofluorocarbons deplete the ozone layer.

(A) has long appeared that it was immune from
(B) has long appeared to have been immune from
(C) has long appeared as being immune to
(D) had long appeared immune to
(E) had long appeared that it was immune to

答案 D

這題我用刪去法，去掉ABCE，最後選D
但我不瞭解為什麼 D選項答案要用 V+pp 這個動詞型態? 這樣跟前後動詞型態不會不配合嗎?

[阿琪]

因為句意想要表達過去是什麼情形…而現在我們已經瞭解應是什麼情形

如果兩個都用現在式…或出現奇怪的句意：現在是appeared immune to …而我們現在瞭解

所以用 had long appeared immune to ; we have now realized (來強調過去和現在的差異)

一個句子中有不同的時態是可行的，甚至還看過"過去""現在""未來"都有的句子呢！只要句意表達的正確即可！

[pimi]

fyi

以下來自Collins Cobuild字典裡的解釋
immune to+N. (不受影響)
If you are immune to something that happens or is done, you are not affected by it.
immune from+N.(免於)
Someone or something that is immune from a particular process or situation is able to escape it.