OG48-34(biology)(珊瑚礁)

[agk99]

Passage 34(biology)(海底珊瑚生物)

Coral reefs are one of the most fragile, biologically complex, and diverse marine ecosystem on Earth. This ecosystem is one of the fascinating(迷人的) paradoxes of the biosphere(生物圈): how do clear, and thus nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive(多量且多產的) communities? Part of the answer lies within the tissues of the corals themselves. Symbiotic (共生) cells of algae(藻類) known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis(光合作用) using the metabolic(新陳代謝) wastes of the coral thereby producing food for themselves, for their corals, hosts, and even for other members of the reef community. This symbiotic process allows organisms in the reef community to use sparse nutrient resources efficiently. (靠藻類行光合，靠珊瑚消化，這樣的共生系統允許在organism 在珊瑚社區中去有效率的使用稀少的資源)

Unfortunately for coral reefs, however, a variety of human activities are causing worldwide degradation(退化) of shallow marine habitats by adding nutrients to the water. Agriculture, slash-and-burn land clearing, sewage(汙染物) disposal and manufacturing that creates waste by-products all increase nutrient loads in these waters. Typical symptoms (sign) of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations (食草動物) and an increasing abundance(豐富) of algae and filter-feeding animals(考點). Declines in reef communities are consistent with observations that nutrient input is increasing in direct proportion to growing human populations, thereby threatening reef communities sensitive to subtle changes in nutrient input to their waters.
不幸的是，人類活動是破壞coral reef 的原兇，

留意215-217三題，其餘兩題可略過

[agk99]

展開大規模複習，就從本篇開始
感覺
第三次做，還是強迫自己從重到尾練一遍，感覺起來單字很多，但不該是問題，還有，上下兩段因為unfourtunately上下對比，結構無比清淅
三分鐘看完，做題，就只錯215題

但215也是標準細節題，直接定位回19-20 行，確認選A，OK

[soami]

這篇好像是og裡面最短的，內容也不會太難懂，單字是多了一點但是不難猜。

Coral reefs are one of the most fragile, biologically complex, and diverse marine ecosystem on Earth.
介紹coral reef這種東西存於海洋生態系統
This ecosystem is one of the fascinating paradoxes of the biosphere:
海洋生態系統迷人卻又令人難解，下一句很重要，作者暗示難解的原因
how do clear, and thus nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities?
作者認為清澈又缺乏養分的水如何維持豐饒社區
Part of the answer lies within the tissues of the corals themselves.
(答案出現在這，tissues of corals)
Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis using the metabolic wastes of the coral thereby producing food for themselves, for their corals, hosts, and even for other members of the reef community. 這段可以略讀，在解釋水澡經過光合作用產生的food給很多人。
This symbiotic process allows organisms in the reef community to use sparse nutrient resources efficiently.
這個程序讓很多reef community充分地運用稀少的養分


Unfortunately對比字、負面字 這邊開始稍微留意一下
for coral reefs, however, a variety of human activities are causing worldwide degradation of shallow marine habitats by adding nutrients to the water.
許多人類活動造成degradation，後面那句紫色的話要看一下，跟先前說的前對比
Agriculture, slash-and-burn land clearing, sewage disposal and manufacturing that creates waste by-products all increase nutrient loads in these waters.
這邊是在講其他破壞原因，跟上面有個共同的地方，這些行為都造成海水養分增加。
Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals.
這句不要被難字唬住了，看懂三分即可，減少的reef 會destabilized xxx 和增加 algae and folter - feeding animals

Declines in reef communities are consistent with observations that nutrient input is increasing in direct proportion
to growing human populations, thereby threatening reef communities sensitive to subtle changes in nutrient input to their waters.
最後一句話蠻有趣的，主要是說營養多對人類有助益，但對reef communities
卻不是這麼一回事，反而威脅到她們的生活。

總結一下這篇文章，第一段提到croal這種東西以及特別的地方(靠海水稀少
的養分存活)，第二段講到人類活動如何破壞它們的生活環境(水中養分超載)

[davidlee0222]

Coral reefs are one of the most fragile, biologically complex, and diverse marine ecosystem on Earth.
介紹coral reef這種東西存於海洋生態系統
在講有三種特性

This ecosystem is one of the fascinating paradoxes of the biosphere:
海洋生態系統迷人卻又令人難解，下一句很重要，作者暗示難解的原因--->是矛盾


Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis [color=red]using the metabolic wastes of the coral thereby producing food for themselves, for their corals, hosts, and even for other members of the reef community[/color]. 這段可以略讀，在解釋水澡經過光合作用產生的food給很多人。 ---->這裡是全文關鍵ㄛ--用代謝廢物生出養分


Unfortunately對比字、負面字 這邊開始稍微留意一下
for coral reefs, however, a variety of human activities are causing worldwide degradation of shallow marine habitats by adding nutrients to the water.
許多人類活動造成degradation，後面那句紫色的話要看一下，跟先前說的前對比
不是對比，是違背珊瑚生態
就在講"優氧化"

Agriculture, slash-and-burn land clearing, sewage disposal and manufacturing that creates waste by-products all increase nutrient loads in these waters.
這邊是在講其他破壞原因，跟上面有個共同的地方，這些行為都造成海水養分增加。--->主要成因是污水跟工業廢水
Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals.
這句不要被難字唬住了，看懂三分即可，減少的reef 會destabilized xxx 和增加 algae and folter - feeding animals
用字根可以猜出全意
珊瑚衰敗的典型症狀是"草本生物數量不定"及"水草與濾食性生物的過度增加"

Declines in reef communities are consistent with observations that nutrient input is increasing in direct proportion
to growing human populations, thereby threatening reef communities sensitive to subtle changes in nutrient input to their waters.
最後一句話蠻有趣的，主要是說營養多對人類有助益，但對reef communities
卻不是這麼一回事，反而威脅到她們的生活。
應該不是這個意思
珊瑚的衰敗跟某觀察一致
觀察內容是"養分增加與人口增加成正比"
因此養分的改變威脅到對細微改變敏感的珊瑚

總結一下這篇文章，第一段提到croal這種東西以及特別的地方(靠海水稀少
的養分存活)，第二段講到人類活動如何破壞它們的生活環境(水中養分超載)

第一段是帶出珊瑚生態
第二段是全文主旨
講出是人類造成破壞
並且如何造成

[soami]

Coral reefs are one of the most fragile, biologically complex, and diverse marine ecosystem on Earth.
介紹coral reef這種東西存於海洋生態系統
在講有三種特性

This ecosystem is one of the fascinating paradoxes of the biosphere:
海洋生態系統迷人卻又令人難解，下一句很重要，作者暗示難解的原因--->是矛盾


Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis [color=red]using the metabolic wastes of the coral thereby producing food for themselves, for their corals, hosts, and even for other members of the reef community[/color]. 這段可以略讀，在解釋水澡經過光合作用產生的food給很多人。 ---->這裡是全文關鍵ㄛ--用代謝廢物生出養分


Unfortunately對比字、負面字 這邊開始稍微留意一下
for coral reefs, however, a variety of human activities are causing worldwide degradation of shallow marine habitats by adding nutrients to the water.
許多人類活動造成degradation，後面那句紫色的話要看一下，跟先前說的前對比
不是對比，是違背珊瑚生態
就在講"優氧化"

Agriculture, slash-and-burn land clearing, sewage disposal and manufacturing that creates waste by-products all increase nutrient loads in these waters.
這邊是在講其他破壞原因，跟上面有個共同的地方，這些行為都造成海水養分增加。--->主要成因是污水跟工業廢水
Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals.
這句不要被難字唬住了，看懂三分即可，減少的reef 會destabilized xxx 和增加 algae and folter - feeding animals
用字根可以猜出全意
珊瑚衰敗的典型症狀是"草本生物數量不定"及"水草與濾食性生物的過度增加"

Declines in reef communities are consistent with observations that nutrient input is increasing in direct proportion
to growing human populations, thereby threatening reef communities sensitive to subtle changes in nutrient input to their waters.
最後一句話蠻有趣的，主要是說營養多對人類有助益，但對reef communities
卻不是這麼一回事，反而威脅到她們的生活。
應該不是這個意思
珊瑚的衰敗跟某觀察一致
觀察內容是"養分增加與人口增加成正比"
因此養分的改變威脅到對細微改變敏感的珊瑚

這句話我解釋麼比較簡略了一點，大衛解釋的很精準

總結一下這篇文章，第一段提到croal這種東西以及特別的地方(靠海水稀少
的養分存活)，第二段講到人類活動如何破壞它們的生活環境(水中養分超載)

第一段是帶出珊瑚生態
第二段是全文主旨
講出是人類造成破壞
並且如何造成

大衛講的很詳細，並且補充了很多我沒講到或是沒講錯的地方。