OG48-17(biology)(食蟻獸攻擊蟻窩)

[agk99]

Passage 17(biology)(食蟻獸攻擊蟻窩)

Australian researchers have discovered electro receptors(電流接受器) (sensory organs designed to respond to electrical fields) clustered at the tip of the spiny(多刺的) anteater’s snout(食蟻獸). The researchers made this discovery by exposing small areas of the snout to extremely weak electrical fields and recording the transmission of resulting nervous activity to the brain. While it is true that tactile(觸覺) receptors, another kind of sensory organ on the anteater’s snout, can also respond to electrical stimuli(句意讀來是電流刺激), such receptors do so only in response to electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater than those known to excite electro receptors.(食蟻獸的觸覺接收器對電流的感應要在比電流接受器所能感受到強1000倍的環境中才能有感應)
第一段，不好讀，講食蟻獸有個電流接受器，可以在最弱的電流反應下向腦部神經活動傳遞信息，但還有另一個觸覺接受器，但電流反應就比較不敏感

Having discovered the electro receptors, researchers are now investigating how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated sensory system. In one behavioral experiment, researchers successfully trained an anteater to distinguish between two troughs of water(兩槽水), one with a weak electrical field and the other with none. Such evidence is consistent with researchers’ hypothesis that anteaters use electro receptors to detect electrical signals given off by prey(由電流接受器探測獵物發出的信號); however, researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating(從...流出) from termite mounds(白蟻堆), where the favorite food of anteaters live. Still, researchers have observed anteaters breaking into(進攻) a nest of ants at an oblique angle(斜角) and quickly locating nesting chambers. This ability quickly to locate unseen prey suggests, according to the researchers, that the anteaters were using their electro receptors to locate the nesting chambers.
第二段：這種電流探測是讓食蟻獸找到獵物的最好方式，但若是像他最喜歡吃的白蟻，不會發出電流信號，食蟻獸仍然有能力透過另一個觸覺感測器，找出食物的位置，迅速攻入，統統吃光

*101. According to the passage, which of the following is a characteristic that distinguishes electro receptors from tactile receptors?
(A) The manner in which electroreceptors respond to electrical stimuli
(B) The tendency of electroreceptors to be found in clusters
(C) The unusual locations in which electroreceptors are found in most species.
(D) The amount of electrical stimulation required to excite electroreceptors
(E) The amount of nervous activity transmitted to the brain by electroreceptors when they are excited
答案給D，第十行有提到

*102. Which of the following can be inferred about the experiment described in the first paragraph?
(A) Researchers had difficulty verifying the existence of electroreceptors in the anteater because electroreceptors respond to such a narrow range of electrical field strengths.
(B) Researchers found that the level of nervous activity in the anteater’s brain increased dramatically as the strength of the electrical stimulus was increased.
(C) Researchers found that some areas of the anteater’s snout were not sensitive to a weak electrical stimulus.
(D) Researchers found that the anteater’s tactile receptors were more easily excited by a strong electrical stimulus than were the electro receptors..
(E) Researchers tested small areas of the anteater’s snout in order to ensure that only electroreceptors were responding to the stimulus.
答案給C，仔細看題目，確實只有C沒有提到electroreceptors，若是真有提到，一定是不分電流強弱都能感應才對

*103. The author of the passage most probably discusses the function of tactile receptors (lines 7-11) in order to
(A) eliminate and alternative explanation of anteaters’ response to electrical stimuli
(B) highlight a type of sensory organ that has a function identical to that of electroreceptors
(C) point out a serious complication in the research on electroreceptors in anteaters.
(D) suggest that tactile receptors assist electroreceptors in the detection of electrical signals.
(E) introduce a factor that was not addressed in the research on electroreceptors in anteaters.
答案給A，真的不會，

*10 4. Which of the following can be inferred about anteaters from the behavioral experiment mentioned in the second paragraph?
(A) They are unable to distinguish between stimuli detected by their electroreceptors and stimuli detected by their tactile receptors.
(B) They are unable to distinguish between the electrical signals emanating from termite mounds and those emanating from ant nests.
(C) They can be trained to recognize consistently the presence of a particular stimulus.
(D) They react more readily to strong than to weak stimuli.
(E) They are more efficient at detecting stimuli in a controlled environment than in a natural environment.
答案給C，救命呀

*105. The passage suggests that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the following statements?(A) The event they observed provides conclusive evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptors to locate unseen prey.
(B) The event they observed was a typical and may not reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.
(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting chambers without the assistance of electroreceptors.
(D) Anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for use in locating prey.
(E) The speed with which the anteaters located their prey is greater than what might be expected on the basis of chance alone.
答案給E，坦白說我選不出來

106. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the hypothesis mentioned in lines 17-19?
(A) Researchers are able to train anteaters to break into an underground chamber that is emitting a strong electrical signal.
(B) Researchers are able to detect a weak electrical signal emanating from the nesting chamber of an ant colony.
(C) Anteaters are observed taking increasingly longer amounts of time to locate the nesting chambers of ants.
(D) Anteaters are observed using various angles to break into nests of ants.
(E) Anteaters are observed using the same angle used with nests of ants to break into the nests of other types of prey.

[訪客]

Passage 17
Australian researchers have discovered electroreceptors
(sensory organs designed to respond to electrical fields)
clustered(=aggrigate) at the tip of the spiny anteater’s(食蟻獸) snout. The
researchers made this discovery by(表方法) exposing small areas of
(5) the snout to extremely weak electrical fields and recording
the transmission of resulting nervous activity to the brain.
While(轉折) it is true that tactile receptors, another kind of
sensory organ on the anteater’s snout, can also respond to
electrical stimuli, such receptors do so only in response to
( 10) electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater than
those known to excite electroreceptors.

總結:介紹食蟻獸的electroreceptors的功用,並作者在介紹一個同樣在食蟻獸口鼻部的tactile receptors對電磁磁場的感應度沒有electroreceptor那麼好,突顯出作者的目的是要討論electroreceptor.

考點預測
*compare/contrast do so only in response to electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater than those known to excite electroreceptors.
=>藉由tactile receptor的提出,讓讀者知道作者想要強調的是electrorecptor
作者態度用詞 Only=>暗示tactile receptor比較差
文章development
1.analysize
2.problem-solution
3.approach
4.data
5.explain
6identify
7.define
8.compare/contrast
9.refute
10.new idea compare/contrast
轉折語氣 While(轉折)
choice of word Clustered=>imply there are not only one electroreceptor,並對應small area
opposite small areas
Extremely


Having discovered the electroreceptors, researchers are
now investigating how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated
sensory system(整段都在談這個). In one behavioral experiment, researchers
(15) successfully trained an anteater to distinguish between
two troughs of water, one with a weak electrical field
and the other with none. Such evidence is consistent with
researchers’ hypothesis that anteaters use electroreceptors
to detect electrical signals given off(發出) by prey; however(轉折),
( 20) researchers as yet(迄今) have been unable to detect electrical
signals emanating(=give off) from termite mounds(蟻的小土堆), where the favorite
food of anteaters live. Still(轉折), researchers have observed
anteaters breaking into a nest of ants at an oblique(特殊) angle
and quickly locating nesting chambers. This ability quickly
(25)to locate unseen prey suggests, according to the researchers, that the anteaters were using their electroreceptors to locate the nesting chambers.

總結:specify how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated sensory system
*compare/contrast
作者態度用詞 Sophisticated, successfully, Still, quickly, as yet(迄今),suggest
文章development
1.analysize
2.problem-solution
3.approach
4.data
5.explain
6identify
7.define
8.compare/contrast
9.refute
10.new idea Explain
Attitude
1. critical
2. questioning
3. objective (neutrality)\subjecitce
4. enthusiastic
5. approval\disapproval approval
轉折語氣 however ,Still=>兩個轉折語氣接連在一起有負負的正的味道
choice of word Sophisticated=>間接表明作者是贊成
successfully
audience

101. According to the passage, which of the following is a
characteristic that distinguishes electroreceptors from
tactile receptors?
(A) The manner in which electroreceptors respond to
electrical stimuli
(B) The tendency(傾向) of electroreceptors to be found in
clusters
(C) The unusual locations in which electroreceptors are
found in most species.
(D) The amount of electrical stimulation required to
excite electroreceptors
(E) The amount of nervous activity transmitted to the
brain by electroreceptors when they are excited

102. Which of the following can be inferred about the
experiment described in the first paragraph?
(A) Researchers had difficulty verifying the existence of
electroreceptors in the anteater because
electroreceptors respond to such a narrow range of
electrical field strengths.
(B) Researchers found that the level of nervous activity
in the anteater’s brain increased dramatically as the
strength of the electrical stimulus was increased.
(C) Researchers found that some areas of the anteater’s
snout were not sensitive to a weak electrical
stimulus.
(D) Researchers found that the anteater’s tactile
receptors were more easily excited by a strong
electrical stimulus than were the electro receptors.(opposite)
(E) Researchers tested small areas of the anteater’s snout
in order to ensure that only electroreceptors were
responding to the stimulus.

103. The author of the passage most probably discusses the
function of tactile receptors (lines 7-11) in order to
(A) eliminate and alternative explanation of anteaters’
response to electrical stimuli
(B) highlight a type of sensory organ that has a function
identical to that of electroreceptors
(C) point out a serious complication in the research on
electroreceptors in anteaters.
(D) suggest that tactile receptors assist(=help) electroreceptors
in the detection of electrical signals.
(E) introduce a factor that was not addressed in the
research on electroreceptors in anteaters.

10 4. Which of the following can be inferred about anteaters
from the behavioral experiment mentioned in the
second paragraph?
(A) They are unable to distinguish between stimuli
detected by their electroreceptors and stimuli
detected by their tactile receptors.
(B) They are unable to distinguish between the electrical
signals emanating from termite mounds and those(researcher)
emanating from ant nests.
(C) They can be trained to recognize consistently the
presence of a particular stimulus.L15
(D) They react more readily to strong than to weak
stimuli.
(E) They are more efficient at detecting stimuli in a
controlled environment than in a natural environment.

105. The passage suggests that the researchers mentioned in
the second paragraph who observed anteaters break into
a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the
following statements?
(A) The event they observed provides conclusive
evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptors to
locate unseen prey.=>提到conclusive evidence前面一定要有一定要有充足的解釋
(B) The event they observed was atypical(非典型) and may not
reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.
(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting
chambers without the assistance of electroreceptors.
(D) Anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for
use in locating prey.(sophisticated)
(E) The speed with which the anteaters located their
prey is greater than what might be expected on the
basis of chance alone.(quickly is a key word)

106. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen
the hypothesis mentioned in lines 17-19?
(A) Researchers are able to train anteaters to break into
an underground chamber that is emitting a strong
electrical signal.
(B) Researchers are able to detect a weak electrical
signal emanating from the nesting chamber of an ant
colony.
(C) Anteaters are observed taking increasingly longer
amounts of time to locate the nesting chambers of
ants. (quickly is a key word)
(D) Anteaters are observed using various angles to break
into nests of ants. (oblique(特殊) angle)
(E) Anteaters are observed using the same angle used
with nests of ants to break into the nests of other types
of prey.(not support)

*compare/contrast 101,102,103
作者態度用詞 105(quickly)
文章development
1.analysize
2.problem-solution
3.approach
4.data
5.explain
6identify
7.define
8.compare/contrast
9.refute
10.new idea
Attitude
6. critical
7. questioning
8. objective (neutrality)\subjecitce
9. enthusiastic
10. approval\disapproval
轉折語氣
choice of word 104(successfully)
Opposite
support 106

[訪客]

重要關鍵字
Cluster,1000 times greater(the amount of),quickly(105),successfully(104),suggest(說明作者not sure),sophisticated,only(很重要,說明作者唯一想強調的重點)

[soami]

*102. Which of the following can be inferred about the experiment described in the first paragraph?
(A) Researchers had difficulty verifying the existence of electroreceptors in the anteater because electroreceptors respond to such a narrow range of electrical field strengths.
(B) Researchers found that the level of nervous activity in the anteater’s brain increased dramatically as the strength of the electrical stimulus was increased.
(C) Researchers found that some areas of the anteater’s snout were not sensitive to a weak electrical stimulus.
(D) Researchers found that the anteater’s tactile receptors were more easily excited by a strong electrical stimulus than were the electro receptors..
(E) Researchers tested small areas of the anteater’s snout in order to ensure that only electroreceptors were responding to the stimulus.

不知道E錯在哪裡，科學家做這個實驗來證明electroreceptors的確可以
反應刺激物?



*103. The author of the passage most probably discusses the function of tactile receptors (lines 7-11) in order to
(A) eliminate and alternative explanation of anteaters’ response to electrical stimuli
(B) highlight a type of sensory organ that has a function identical to that of electroreceptors
(C) point out a serious complication in the research on electroreceptors in anteaters.
(D) suggest that tactile receptors assist electroreceptors in the detection of electrical signals.
(E) introduce a factor that was not addressed in the research on electroreceptors in anteaters.
答案給A，真的不會，
這個答案有點遷強，我本來選E，E選項我的解讀是 不只一個receptors可以
感應電刺激物，不過選項的意思好像不是這樣，有沒有人可以翻譯一下。

*10 4. Which of the following can be inferred about anteaters from the behavioral experiment mentioned in the second paragraph?
(A) They are unable to distinguish between stimuli detected by their electroreceptors and stimuli detected by their tactile receptors.
(B) They are unable to distinguish between the electrical signals emanating from termite mounds and those emanating from ant nests.
(C) They can be trained to recognize consistently the presence of a particular stimulus.
(D) They react more readily to strong than to weak stimuli.
(E) They are more efficient at detecting stimuli in a controlled environment than in a natural environment.
答案給C，救命呀
這題算是細節題吧，14行有提到，選項c還蠻合理的阿，anteater受到訓練後
可以察覺電刺激物，跟科學家預期的一致。
選項c寫的很難懂，不過意思應該是差不多。

*105. The passage suggests that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the following statements?(A) The event they observed provides conclusive evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptors to locate unseen prey.
(B) The event they observed was a typical and may not reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.
(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting chambers without the assistance of electroreceptors.
(D) Anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for use in locating prey.
(E) The speed with which the anteaters located their prey is greater than what might be expected on the basis of chance alone.
答案給E，坦白說我選不出來

這題我也覺得很莫名其妙，請高手指教點一下吧。
我選A

106. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the hypothesis mentioned in lines 17-19?
(A) Researchers are able to train anteaters to break into an underground chamber that is emitting a strong electrical signal.
(B) Researchers are able to detect a weak electrical signal emanating from the nesting chamber of an ant colony.
(C) Anteaters are observed taking increasingly longer amounts of time to locate the nesting chambers of ants.
(D) Anteaters are observed using various angles to break into nests of ants.
(E) Anteaters are observed using the same angle used with nests of ants to break into the nests of other types of prey.[/quote]

[micht]

*102. Which of the following can be inferred about the experiment described in the first paragraph?
(A) Researchers had difficulty verifying the existence of electroreceptors in the anteater because electroreceptors respond to such a narrow range of electrical field strengths.
(B) Researchers found that the level of nervous activity in the anteater’s brain increased dramatically as the strength of the electrical stimulus was increased.
(C) Researchers found that some areas of the anteater’s snout were not sensitive to a weak electrical stimulus.
(D) Researchers found that the anteater’s tactile receptors were more easily excited by a strong electrical stimulus than were the electro receptors..
(E) Researchers tested small areas of the anteater’s snout in order to ensure that [s]only electroreceptors [/s]were responding to the stimulus.

不知道E錯在哪裡，科學家做這個實驗來證明electroreceptors的確可以
反應刺激物?

Reseacher是發現clustered at the tip of the spiny anteater’s snout本來認為不會有electrical stimulus. 事實上是有的 只是此區塊需要a strong electrical stimulus才會有反應
這裡的"only electrorecptors"錯了 和文章敘述相反
文章是要指 clustered at the tip of the spiny anteater’s snout 同樣和electroreceptors會respond to the stimulus.

*103. The author of the passage most probably discusses the function of tactile receptors (lines 7-11) in order to
(A) eliminate and alternative explanation of anteaters’ response to electrical stimuli
(B) highlight a type of sensory organ that has a function identical to that of electroreceptors
(C) point out a serious complication in the research on electroreceptors in anteaters.
(D) suggest that tactile receptors assist electroreceptors in the detection of electrical signals.
(E) introduce [s]a factor[/s] that was not addressed in the research on electroreceptors in anteaters.
答案給A，真的不會，
這個答案有點遷強，我本來選E，E選項我的解讀是 不只一個receptors可以
感應電刺激物，不過選項的意思好像不是這樣，有沒有人可以翻譯一下。

tactile receptors 和作者指出的"clustered at the tip of the spiny anteater’s snout"是不一樣的 作者敘述此段 是為了排除大家以為是tactile receptors造成的!!事實上 並不是
因為作者舉出理由是 兩者不同, 後者只會 responds to "electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater "

E 不對, 因為從頭到尾作者只用了一個factor 就是 electrical field的強度/弱度
沒有再提出 a factor[/quote]

*10 4. Which of the following can be [color=red]inferred about anteaters from the behavioral experiment mentioned in the second paragraph?[/color]

(A) They are unable to distinguish between stimuli detected by their electroreceptors and stimuli detected by their tactile receptors.
(B) They are unable to distinguish between the electrical signals emanating from termite mounds and those emanating from ant nests.
(C) They can be trained to recognize consistently the presence of a particular stimulus.
(D) They react more readily to strong than to weak stimuli.
(E) They are more efficient at detecting stimuli in a controlled environment than in a natural environment.
答案給C，救命呀
這題算是細節題吧，14行有提到，選項c還蠻合理的阿，anteater受到訓練後
可以察覺電刺激物，跟科學家預期的一致。
選項c寫的很難懂，不過意思應該是差不多。

題目問題推論題, C錯是因為它已在文中呈現出來 不是推出來的(line15)
推論的結果一定是文中沒有給的東西
但可以引申出來 那就是
Still, researchers have observed anteaters[highlight=yellow]breaking [/highlight ]into a nest of ants at an oblique angle and quickly locating nesting chambers

作者用breaking的形容詞,可判斷 作者沒有想到anteaters的behaviour如此迅速

*105. The passage suggests that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the following statements?

(A) The event they observed provides [s]conclusive[/s] evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptors to locate unseen prey.
(B) The event they observed was a typical and may not reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.
(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting chambers without the assistance of electroreceptors.
(D) Anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for use in locating prey.
(E) The speed with which the anteaters located their prey is greater than what might be expected on the basis of chance alone.
答案給E，坦白說我選不出來

這題我也覺得很莫名其妙，請高手指教點一下吧。
我選A

however, ( 20) researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating from termite mounds, where the favorite food of anteaters live. Still, researchers have observed anteaters breaking into a nest of ants at an oblique angle and quickly locating nesting chambers.

仍無法證實electrical signals emanating from termite mounds
無法證明ants是用their electroreceptors尋找獵物 因為實驗家沒有徵測出來這樣的electroreceptors!! 因此A是錯的, 因為沒有conclusive evidence[/quote]


micht: 解釋的不好 請見諒 8-|

[davidlee0222]

小弟個人將本篇歸類為科學類文章
小弟來為科學類示範一下

複習一下
輕功水上飄是"兩段式"速讀法
以每句話為單位

第一步抓主辭主要動辭跟主要補語
其他大略掃過一次到句點

第二步
回頭掃看跳過的補述分別在補述誰
只要知道被捕述的東西是什麼情況就ok
有的甚至第一步有掃到已經有概念的就不用再看

練快一點就可以一次同時走兩步
有興趣可加入小弟讀書會現場示範~
(拍水~小弟以前做sales的職業病...)

一句一句來
分解動作~
預備備...開始!

第一步
Australian researchers have discovered electro receptors (sensory organs designed to respond to electrical fields) clustered at the tip of the spiny anteater’s snout.
"澳洲研究者發現電子接受器"

其他掃過到句點，同時看到括號跟分辭補述，連續動作第二步
Australian researchers have discovered electro receptors (sensory organs designed to respond to electrical fields) clustered at the tip of the spiny anteater’s snout.
原來在補述剛才的"電子接收器"跟它們的分布
瞄一下括號裡前幾個字判斷要不要看
反正已經知道電子接收器大概是啥
括號裡講sensory organs designed...是更複雜的同位語直接跳不要浪費時間
鬥號後分辭補述快掃一下，原來那些"電子接收器"是串狀分布在snout的尖頭上

文字解說看起來有點多
事實上練熟這樣的閱讀法
一句話兩步掃完不用20秒

第二句
第一步
The researchers made this discovery by exposing small areas of the snout to extremely weak electrical fields and recording the transmission of resulting nervous activity to the brain.
"研究者藉暴露小區域於弱電場及紀錄傳輸"

在第一步掃時就發現this discovery是廢話不用回頭
因此第二步要看的只有
The researchers made this discovery by exposing small areas of the snout to extremely weak electrical fields and recording the transmission of resulting nervous activity to the brain.

原來是"snout的"小區域和到"大腦的神經傳導"

哈~第一段只有第三句...
第一步
While it is true that tactile receptors, another kind of sensory organ on the anteater’s snout, can also respond to electrical stimuli, such receptors do so only in response to electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater than those known to excite electro receptors.
這麼多行只有顏色不一樣的這幾個字是重點
"即使T接受器也能對電有反應，T只對1000倍的電才有用"

已抓到主旨
剛掃文時已知跳過一個同位語跟最後結尾
可是最後結尾可以不用看
連續動作第二步同位語回去瞄前幾個字
判斷要不要看
已知是講T，快掃一下
While it is true that tactile receptors, another kind of sensory organ on the anteater’s snout, can also respond to electrical stimuli, such receptors do so only in response to electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater than those known to excite electro receptors.
原來T也是在snout上
看完了
這句也不用30秒

第一段居然就這麼結束了
只是在講有種E接受器的狀況
另外T接受器來插花
水上飄完加思考一下
應該不用3分鐘

...電腦要關了
明天補第二段

大衛快樂閱讀

[soami]

*105. The passage suggests that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the following statements?
(A) The event they observed provides conclusive evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptors to locate unseen prey.
(B) The event they observed was a typical and may not reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.
(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting chambers without the assistance of electroreceptors.
(D) Anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for use in locating prey.
(E) The speed with which the anteaters located their prey is greater than what might be expected on the basis of chance alone.

這題我又想了一下


Such evidence is consistent with researchers’ hypothesis that anteaters use electroreceptors to detect electrical signals given off by prey;
這邊講的證據顯示如科學家的預期一致，食蟻獸使用electrorescptors

，however, researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating from termite mounds, where the favorite food of anteaters live.
這段話是講科學家無法偵測電子訊號由白蟻丘發出
因為白蟻丘沒有電子訊號存在，所以沒有完全的證據支持食蟻獸使用
electroreceptors

不過我失焦了，題目是問 who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the following statements?

觀察這項活動的研究者會最同意下列哪個選項？應該從最後二句話去找答案，
我被這句話誤導了 according to the researchers, that the anteaters were using their electro receptors to locate the nesting chambers.
研究者是認為是這樣但是卻沒提供證據。

謝謝熱心解答的大大們 :D

[davidlee0222]

不好意思
前天解到一半
為各位補上第二段

第一段解說時是分解動作
這次來練習看看簡單的連續動作
就是第一步抓"主辭動辭補語"時
試試看同時把第二步的補述"拎"起來外帯

幫各位抓一下感覺
以句為單位
向蜻蜓點水一樣找出主要結構的主辭動辭跟補語
依次飛到句點
在回到前面掠過的補述
一樣再蜻蜓點水個2、3下知道"被補述物"的情形
一句話就這麼看完了
平均不用20秒

好吧~一句一句來
一開頭是分辭開始的脫節句型
蜻蜓一飛馬上去鬥號後找主辭在幹麻
Having discovered the electro receptors, researchers are now investigating how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated sensory system.

主要句意在講"研究者正在調查食蟻獸如何運用此系統"

次要結構的分辭構句
照理是第2步(蜻蜓點到句點了回頭點第2次時)才看
可是在一開始就出現要怎辦呢?

當各位水上飄慢慢進入狀況後
就可以嘗試同時兩段式一起用
有點像把輕的零食放在口袋裡
重的包包用手提
一次就可以搞定
這樣又會更快

不過若還沒熟練，就分兩次
放心~不會慢到哪兒去的

因此本句在全新讀文時
其實可以這樣
Having discovered the electro receptors, researchers are now investigating how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated sensory system.
"(研究者發現了E接受器，)研究者現在在調查食蟻獸如何使用此系統"


In one behavioral experiment, researchers successfully trained an anteater to distinguish between two troughs of water, one with a weak electrical field and the other with none.

舉例出現
"研究者訓練食蟻獸辨別2種水"
原來是"一個弱電一個沒電"的兩種水

See?相當簡單


Such evidence is consistent with researchers’ hypothesis that anteaters use electro receptors to detect electrical signals given off by prey;

"這種證據與研究者假設相符"

哇~光後面第二步的補述裡
就又有主辭動辭補語ㄝ...怎辦呢?
當然就再抓一次主要結構囉~
that anteaters use electro receptors to detect electrical signals given off by prey

食蟻獸用E接受器來偵測電的訊號
而這個電的訊號是"獵物所發出來的"
這整件補述是跟研究者的假設符合

也就是"如此證據與'食蟻獸用E接受器來測獵物電場'的假設相符"
當場完成一句難句破解


however, researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating from termite mounds, where the favorite food of anteaters live.

反意連接詞出現，推下文有例外
"然而，研究者無法測得某電訊"
先看是蛇麼電訊
是"TM發出的"電訊

再看分辭構句在補述誰
原來TM是食蟻獸的肯德基

小弟記得在看到這裡的時候
心中有疑慮
為蛇麼莫名其妙說研究者偵測不到呢?
感覺應該有蛇麼伏筆...
有個心理準備

順向副詞，在繼續描述前面怪事
Still, researchers have observed anteaters breaking into a nest of ants at an oblique angle and quickly locating nesting chambers.

這句相當簡單
"再者，研究者觀察到食蟻獸(以怪角度)破巢而入，且快速定位巢室"


This ability quickly to locate unseen prey suggests, according to the researchers, that the anteaters were using their electro receptors to locate the nesting chambers.
前一句是半廢話，中間2鬥號插入語當沒看到
這個(快速定位未見獵物的)能力顯示：食蟻獸用E接受器來定位巢室

本段用證據證實了實驗假設成立
但有個怪點還是沒解釋
研究者對TM的電無法偵測
個人感覺是可能考點

但很多東西即使無法解釋
現象還是只能被接受
而且就是在發生
就當作是沒辦法囉~

[davidlee0222]

題目裡who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants
就是在講那些研究者
也只有這群人了，沒有別人
according to the researchers, that the anteaters were using their electro receptors to locate the nesting chambers.
兩個鬥號裡的according to the researchers是補述
就只有這群研究者而已
當作沒看到比較不會干擾思緒

前面講研究者無法偵測白蟻的電
但食蟻獸照樣快速定位白蟻穴
因此這種"快速定位"的能力顯示
食蟻獸可用E接受器來定位蟻穴

因此在看完題目時可歸納
文中特別提到研究者無法偵測白蟻電
但是食蟻獸卻可以快速定位
研究者因為測不到白蟻的電
並無預期食蟻獸手腳這麼快
想說大概是用矇的
所以E講的"食蟻獸速度比投機來的快"
是沒錯滴

不然其他也可以用刪去法
A) The event they observed provides conclusive evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptors to locate unseen prey.
並沒有conclusive evidence

(B) The event they observed was a typical(是不是打錯了沒有空隔) and may not reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.
看起來粉像
但是並沒有提是否"反常"
不可以選

(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting chambers without the assistance of electroreceptors.
文章講就是用E接受器

(D) Anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for use in locating prey
連研究者都測不出來的東西
應該是相當複雜才對...

[agk99]

求救

可能是我在鑽牛角尖吧，我106題就是想不通

106. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the hypothesis mentioned in lines 17-19?

(A) Researchers are able to train anteaters to break into an underground chamber that is emitting a strong electrical signal.
(B) Researchers are able to detect a weak electrical signal emanating from the nesting chamber of an ant colony.
(C) Anteaters are observed taking increasingly longer amounts of time to locate the nesting chambers of ants.
(D) Anteaters are observed using various angles to break into nests of ants.
(E) Anteaters are observed using the same angle used with nests of ants to break into the nests of other types of prey.

找一個可以支持假設的，答案是給B
原文17-19行是這樣講的
Such evidence is consistent with researchers’hypothesis that anteaters use electro receptors to detect electrical signals given off by prey.
但問題是緊接著作者就說
however, researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating from termite mounds
不就是意味著研究員不能測出電子訊號?那為什麼選B咧
求助

[insapphire]

應該是超出範圍的問題
你說的

however, researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating from termite mounds

這一段
已經超過題目所問的範圍

而題目只限在前半段

Such evidence is consistent with researchers’hypothesis that anteaters use electro receptors to detect electrical signals given off by prey.

的部份
而such evidence就是說anteaters use .......to detect electrical signals........
因此
答案要選能detect electrical signals的答案才能support

[agk99]

To insappire
我的問題就在這，食蟻獸可以測出蟻窩發年的電子訊號，和研究員也能測到訊號
有什麼關連呢?

[davidlee0222]

17-19後那句不用看
看了也無所謂
是食蟻獸可以感應到"研究者測不出來的"弱電

主要是看前面假設為何
又實驗如何符合假設
前面是假設食蟻獸可以用弱電來判斷蟻穴方位
實驗證實以不同方位丟入食蟻獸
牠都能快速辨位
因此符合假設

即使研究員測不出那個弱電
但弱電還是存在
只是研究員設備不夠高檔測不出來


老大~再次感謝你的鼓勵啦!!
心情平復許多~
小弟即刻以火力支援你~

[davidlee0222]

106. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the hypothesis mentioned in lines 17-19?

A) Researchers are able to train anteaters to break into an underground chamber that is emitting a strong electrical signal.
A幾乎都對
但錯在強電
若是弱電
研究者是可以訓練食蟻獸依電辨位
因為前面可以訓練牠辨認弱電的水

(B) Researchers are able to detect a weak electrical signal emanating from the nesting chamber of an ant colony.
沒錯
如上文所述

(C) Anteaters are observed taking increasingly longer amounts of time to locate the nesting chambers of ants.
錯在longer time
可迅速定位

(D) Anteaters are observed using various angles to break into nests of ants.
題目是要問支持假設
這個選項是一個實驗狀態
不知道實驗結果為何
要有實驗結果且能夠"支持"才行

(E) Anteaters are observed using the same angle used with nests of ants to break into the nests of other types of prey.
用同角度將食蟻獸丟入蟻穴
反而將變因去除
連測都無法測

[agk99]

這裡選B是不是說，研究人員測得出最弱的電，突顯食蟻獸連這電都查得到，真的是因為有弱電的關係而有侵入蟻穴的行動，顯示食蟻獸就是如此偵測蟻穴的存在!!?

請教各位