[問題]gwd9-5

[beanny]

雖然這篇是已經很久以前的我看了一下有個疑問
E這個選項感覺上跳段跳行了...就感覺a是很保險的答案

[dibert8]

題目設計得很高明,可以說用心良苦,讓人一路從 line 5 讀到 line 65 最後確定答案,途中暗濤洶湧,從 (A) 到 (E) 層層把關,隨時捕捉失足落水的人.
光看題目就遍佈第一段:
inhabitants of the Andean highlands : line 7, line 25
resolved the problem of : line 21
unequal resource distribution : line 14
primarily : line 26
一路讀下來,處處像答案,處處是陷阱.
(A) self-sufficient : line 6 講的是 most of the Incas, 不是 inhabitants of the Andean highlands, 雖然 most 有點像 primarily. 但是來個 while, 那重點不在這兒囉!
(B) Increasing commodity production 文章找不到,可以輕騎過關,不用理它了.
(C) long-distance trade networks : line 22 講的是 preindustrial world, 不是 inhabitants of the Andean highlands. 有了,在 line 25 : Peoples of the Andean highlands, 但是 Although 也!重點在後面 line 26 : primarily
所以 line 16~29 應該是關鍵,選項在這附近佈的樁也最密,定要把人馬困在這裡 10 分鐘以上,就算被矇對,也元氣大傷了.
(D) satellite communities : line 63, 離題目太遠了,而且人家是在 tropical forests, 不是在 Andean highlands; throughout 武斷字眼;可以排除了.
(E) 就這句(line 16~29): they relied primarily on the maintenance of autonomous production forces in as many eco-logical zones as possible. 但是 beyond their parent communities 怎麼解決?
找啊找, line 38~43, 上山下地的, parent community 不會上下延伸 6000ft 吧!
有了, parent community : line 51 咦! ecological zones 的確在 parent community 之外喔! 再來 line 63, 是的,同一個詞 : satellite communities, 不就是這樣嗎? 兩種 vertical economy 的形式皆如此,放心了吧!
千辛萬苦,應該選 (E) 吧!

[greecechii]

題目設計得很高明,可以說用心良苦,讓人一路從 line 5 讀到 line 65 最後確定答案,途中暗濤洶湧,從 (A) 到 (E) 層層把關,隨時捕捉失足落水的人.
光看題目就遍佈第一段:
inhabitants of the Andean highlands : line 7, line 25
resolved the problem of : line 21
unequal resource distribution : line 14
primarily : line 26
一路讀下來,處處像答案,處處是陷阱.
(A) self-sufficient : line 6 講的是 most of the Incas, 不是 inhabitants of the Andean highlands, 雖然 most 有點像 primarily. 但是來個 while, 那重點不在這兒囉!
(B) Increasing commodity production 文章找不到,可以輕騎過關,不用理它了.
(C) long-distance trade networks : line 22 講的是 preindustrial world, 不是 inhabitants of the Andean highlands. 有了,在 line 25 : Peoples of the Andean highlands, 但是 Although 也!重點在後面 line 26 : primarily
所以 line 16~29 應該是關鍵,選項在這附近佈的樁也最密,定要把人馬困在這裡 10 分鐘以上,就算被矇對,也元氣大傷了.
(D) satellite communities : line 63, 離題目太遠了,而且人家是在 tropical forests, 不是在 Andean highlands; throughout 武斷字眼;可以排除了.
(E) 就這句(line 16~29): they relied primarily on the maintenance of autonomous production forces in as many eco-logical zones as possible. 但是 beyond their parent communities 怎麼解決?
找啊找, line 38~43, 上山下地的, parent community 不會上下延伸 6000ft 吧!
有了, parent community : line 51 咦! ecological zones 的確在 parent community 之外喔! 再來 line 63, 是的,同一個詞 : satellite communities, 不就是這樣嗎? 兩種 vertical economy 的形式皆如此,放心了吧!
千辛萬苦,應該選 (E) 吧!

支持E

[ggethan]

In most of the preindustrial world, the problem of different resource distribution was resolved by long-distance trade networks over which the end consumer exercised little control.
Although the peoples of the Andean highlands participated in such networks, they relied primarily on the maintenance of autonomous production forces in as many ecological zones as possible.

看了看大家的討論 我也支持(e)

不過好像大家都沒有討論到這句話 over which the end consumer exercised little control
我覺得滿重要的,文章說到long distant的方法end customer不能控制此trade network,接著說雖然高地的居民也用此方法(Although the peoples of the Andean highlands participated in such networks)
但是他們更依賴maintenance of autonomous production forces
在此autonomous應該是指什麼都自己來(包括生產,製造,運輸),意思也就是說他們不會像一般end customer只有little control,而是對整個process有高度的自治權(autonomous)

下面這句話更是說明了autonomous是什麼意思,也就是全部由自己的人馬(single group) 包了啦:The commodities produced in these zones were extracted, processed, and transported entirely by members of a single group.

接著看選項(e)Establishing production forces in ecological zones beyond their parent communities

其中的production forces就是這組single group在各個ecological zones所建立的,而beyond their parent communities也沒錯,後面50行有說到:Different crop zones or pasturelands are located within a few days walk of the parent community.

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

While most
of the Incas were self-sufficient
agriculturists, the inhabitants of the
highland basins above 9,000 feet were
constrained by the kinds of crops they
(10) could cultivate.
雖然大部分的印加人都可自給自足
但是住在高地的印加人不行。
所以A錯。

Although the peoples
(25) of the Andean highlands participated
in such networks, they relied primarily
on the maintenance of autonomous
production forces in as many ecological
zones as possible.
高地印加人主要不是採用long-distance trade networks
那他們主要是靠什麼呢？
在很多的生態區裡維持自主耕種農作物的能力

The commodities produced in these
zones were extracted, processed,
and transported entirely by members
of a single group.
單一的團體把這些生態區裡的作物採出、加工並運送(回高山印加人的社區裡)

This strategy of direct access
(35) to a maximum number of ecological
zones by a single group is called
vertical economy.
由一組人馬，出沒於這麼多的(高度較低)生態區
這就叫vertical economy.

This
strategy has two principal variations.
(45) The first is “compressed verticality,”
in which a single village resides in
a location that permits easy access
to closely located ecological zones.
Different crop zones or pasturelands
(50) are located within a few days walk of
the parent community. Community
members may reside temporarily
in one of the lower zones to manage
the extraction of products unavailable
(55) in the homeland.
Vertical economy的其中一種是 compressed verticality.
在高度較低且距高地僅幾天路程的生態區裡
這組人馬會在每個生態區各別建立小村落
他們會輪流在這些小村落裡短暫居住，
以便種植或採收這些高地沒有的食物
然後把這些食物運回高地。

Q5:
According to the passage, the inhabitants of the Andean highlands resolved the problem of unequal resource distribution primarily in which of the following ways?
印加高地人如何解決食物不足的問題？

E. Establishing production forces in ecological zones beyond their parent communities
在他們社區外的眾多生態區中，建立生產食物的能力。
答案就是E了。

講得好,鼓鼓掌