[問題]新PP-真題一道-11月JJ

[fsab00037748]

從CD轉來的, 是新PP中, 也是本月(Nov.06") JJ

一种pond (prep原文)

Solar ponds are bodies of water in which circulation is incomplete and there is a very high salt concentration that increases with depth. This vertical change in salinity serve to trap heat because concentrated brine in the lowest water level acts as a collector and storage area for solar heat, while the less saline, lighter water at the upper levels provides insulation. Heat is thus retained in the depths. An artificial pond of this type has been constructed on the western shore of the Dead Sea in Israel in order to test ints suitability as a source of low-grade heat for conversion into electricity. An immediate threat to the success of the venture was the was the growth of algae. Water in solar ponds must be kept maximally transparent to allow penetration of light to the deep storage area. Therefore, any particles of matter in the water, such as algae cells, that scatter or absorb light will interfere with the collection of heat.
One proposed method of the controlling the algae was the application of an algicide. However, the Dead Sea is a closed body of water without any outlet and as such is very easily contaminated. Extensive use of chemicals in numerous future full-scale solar ponds would lead to such contamination of the Dead Sea, which now enjoys a lucrative tourist trade.
A recent experiment has supplied a more promising method for controlling the algae. To repress the algae cells' capacity for accommodating themselves to environmental changes, the water in the solar pond was first made more saline through evaporation and then diluted by a rapid inflow of fresh water. This shock reduced the cells' ability to regulate the movement of water through their membranes. The rapidly absorbed water, resulting in distortions of shape, increase in volume, and impairment to motility. Their buoyancy adversely affected, the cells sank to the bottom of the pond, where they encountered the hot waters of the storage layer and were destroyed. This method allows for effective control of nuisance algae while leaving solar ponds as one of the cleanest technologies providing energy for human use.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is true about the salinity and temperatures of the highest and lowest water layers in a typical solar pond?
(A) The bottom layer is both highly saline and quite hot, while the top layer is less saline and cooler.
B. The two layers have similar salinity levels, but the bottom layer is hotter than the top.
C. There is no way to predict the salinity and temperature of the different water layers in different solar ponds.
D. The bottom layer is less saline and quite hot, while the top layer is more saline and cooler.
E. The top layer has both higher salinity and higher temperatures than the bottom layer.

answer: A
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2. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A)discuss ways of solving a problem that threatens to limit the usefulness of an energy source
B. explain the mechanisms by which solar heat may be converted into energy
C. detail the processes by which algae cells colonize highly saline bodies of water
D. report the results of an experiment designed to clean contaminated bodies of water
E. describe the unique properties of a solar pond on the edge of the Dead Sea

answer: A 從結構和文章長短分配來看, 此答案正確!
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3. Which of the following, if true, would seriously undermine the validity of the conclusions drawn from the experiment described in the last paragraph of the passage?
A. The algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond were destroyed only after a time lag of twenty-four hours.
B. The lateral motility of the algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond was not impaired.
(C)The water with which the artificial solar pond was diluted contained microorganisms that kill algae.
D. The algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond were actually killed by the rapid change in pressure.
E. The higher salinity brought about through evaporation increased the transparency of the upper levels of water in the pond.

答案給C .但是有爭議

某A:此题为什么是C??
是提出"他因"，说明结论是因为water本身就含有杀死algae的微生物，而不是文中所言的因太重下沉被destroyed，是这样吗?

某B:I consider the answer of this question B rather than C. Open Discuss....

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4. According to the passage, the growth of algae was considered a threat to the success of the artificial pond near the Dead Sea because the algae
A. produce excess oxygen that lowers the water temperature in the pond
B. restrict the circulation of water within the pond
C. enable heat to escape through the upper level of the pond
(D) prevent light from penetrating to the lowest levels of the pond
E. prevent accurate measurement of the heat collected in the pond

answer: D


這幾個月都陸續有人說新PP內的題目出現在考場上喔

那個有爭議的第三題, 大家可否討論一下^^

我個人認為B,
此篇conclusion為
"The method allows for effective control of nuisance algae"
什麼menthod呢?
讓algae impairment to motility.然後-->sank to the bottom of the pond,最後-->
encountered the hot waters of the storage layer and were destroyed

所以如果B:The lateral motility of the algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond was not impaired 那麼這個方法就無法生效了

不知道這樣想對不對, 請大家指教了^^

[lightsaber]

我覺得是C

1.C 也就是支持=>(很重要的是)water要transparent
2.B;sank to the bottom of the pond=>cells就死了,到底是不是因為impairment to motility不是重點

[fsab00037748]

嗯 可以讓algae死掉比較重要....ok, 可以接受. 3q~

[chris8888]

Question #12. 156-01 (21810-!-item-!-188;#058&000156-01)

The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) discuss ways of solving a problem that threatens to limit the usefulness of an energy source 討論解決威脅於限制能源好處的問題, 吻合
(B) explain the mechanisms by which solar heat may be converted into energy 解釋太陽加熱法的機制可以被轉換成能源, 不是point, 當然可以呀, 幹嘛解釋, 它是說如何克服藻類的阻礙
(C) detail the processes by which algae cells colonize highly saline bodies of water 詳述藻類寄生的過程?? 不是point
(D) report the results of an experiment designed to clean contaminated bodies of water 報告實驗結果?? 不是point
(E) describe the unique properties of a solar pond on the edge of the Dead Sea 獨一的特性?? 不是point

[chris8888]

Question #15. 156-08 (21948-!-item-!-188;#058&000156-08)

Which of the following, if true, would seriously undermine the validity of the conclusions drawn from the experiment described in the last paragraph of the passage?
從實驗中可以看出, 增加鹽度, 馬上稀釋, 可以把藻類行動力有效損害, 導致藻類沉到底部被熱源殺死 <== 反正就是要殺死藻類

(A) The algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond were destroyed only after a time lag of twenty-four hours.
唯有經過24小時以後才可會沉到底部, 仍舊可以把藻類殺死
(B) The lateral motility of the algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond was not impaired.
沉到底部的藻類半邊的行動力沒有被損害, 反正都沉了, 熱源還是可以殺死它
(C) The water with which the artificial solar pond was diluted contained microorganisms that kill algae.
這稀釋人工池的水, 包含殺死藻類微生物, 如果是這樣, 就不需要大費周章了, 直接把水灌進去吧, 反正微生物會殺死藻類, 什麼增加鹽度也不需要了.
(D) The algae cells that sank to the bottom of the pond were actually killed by the rapid change in pressure.
沉到底部的藻類備壓力所殺死, 無所謂, 只要這實驗能有效殺死就好, 沉下去就會死管他被壓力壓死 or 熱源殺死
(E) The higher salinity brought about through evaporation increased the transparency of the upper levels of water in the pond.
沒提到藻類, 但是增加了鹽度造成上層的水清澈, 也是有幫助的, 等到藻類沉下去一死, 而上面又清澈, 自然陽光可以充分穿透