Until recently, zoologists believed that
all species of phocids (true seals), a pinniped
family, use a different maternal
Line strategy than do otariids (fur seals and
(5) sea lions), another pinniped family. Mother
otariids use a foraging strategy. They
acquire moderate energy stores in the
form of blubber before arriving at breeding
sites and then fast for 5 to 11 days after
(10) birth. Throughout the rest of the lactation
(milk production) period, which lasts from
4 months to 3 years depending on the
species, mother otariids alternately forage
at sea, where they replenish their fat
(15) stores, and nurse their young at breeding
sites. Zoologists had assumed that
females of all phocid species, by contrast,
use a fasting strategy in which mother
phocids, having accumulated large energy
(20) stores before they arrive at breeding sites,
fast throughout the entire lactation period,
which lasts from 4 to 50 days depending on
the species. However, recent studies on
harbor seals, a phocid species, found that
(25) lactating females commenced foraging
approximately 6 days after giving birth and
on average made 7 foraging trips during
29 the remainder of their 24-day lactation
period. (30) The maternal strategy evolved by
harbor seals may have to do with their
small size and the large proportion of their
fat stores depleted in lactation. Harbor
seals are small compared with other phocid
(35) species such as grey seals, northern elephant
seals, and hooded seals, all of which
are known to fast for the entire lactation
period. Studies show that mother seals of
these species use respectively 84 percent,
(40) 58 percent, and 33 percent of their fat
stores during lactation. By comparison,
harbor seals use 80 percent of their fat
stores in just the first 19 days of lactation,
even though they occasionally feed during
(45) this period. Since such a large proportion
of their fat stores is exhausted despite
feeding, mother harbor seals clearly cannot
support all of lactation using only energy
stored before giving birth. Though smaller
(50) than many other phocids, harbor seals are
similar in size to most otariids. In addition,
there is already some evidence suggesting
that the ringed seal, a phocid species that
is similar in size to the harbor seal, may
also use a maternal foraging strategy.
這篇沒看大家討論?
我在做這篇時,被文章裡面一堆專有名詞搞的頭昏眼花,
原想用大衛閱讀法來做這題…..,但………目前還在摸索階段(真拍謝!!
)…..
並且這篇真的很難進行跳讀
若沒有take note真的會搞混……：（
求救大衛閱讀法,
以下我一並把問題PO出來….
我比較有問題的是Q33,Q34 and Q36????
Q33 It can be inferred from the passage that the females of all phocids species differ from the females of all otariid species in that the female phocids
A. have shorter lactation periods
B. consume more food during lactation
C. consume a higher proportion of fat stores
D. forage for food occasionally during their lactation periods
E. deplete a smaller percentage of their fat stores during their lactation periods
ANS: A
雖然我也支持A選,因為O的哺乳期長達四個月到三年,而P則4-50天很明顯P比O短
但想請教一下C選,文章有提到P的另外一種物種叫harbor,
它們在哺乳期時deplete large proportion of their fat stores.
雖然文章看不出它們有higher than O,但C選真的很想選又不敢選????
Q34: The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. present evidence that several phocid species use the maternal fasting strategy
B. explain why the maternal strategy typically used by phocids is different from the maternal strategy used by otariids
C. argue that zoologists’ current understanding of harbor seals’ maternal strategy is incorrect
D. describe an unexpected behavior observed in harbor seals and propose an explanation that may account for that behavior
E. describe evidence concerning the maternal strategy of the harbor seal and suggest that the harbor seal belongs to the otariid rather than to the phocid family
ANS D
我選:B,原以為D選只是文章一小部份,整篇文章感覺在比較phocids以及otariids之間採用不同的strategy,並且對它們的行為上的描述,對於d選還是想不通為何是d…
Q35: According to the passage, until recently zoologists believed which of the following about all phocid mothers?
A. Their fasting periods after giving birth were typically shorter than those of otariids.
O→5~11天(...and the fast for 5 to 11 days after birth.); P(=h)→6天(approximately 6 days giving birth…),所以,沒差!!!!
B. Their lactation periods were generally as long as those of comparably sized otariids.
O and P的哺乳期很明顯不同並沒有一樣長
C. They acquired only moderate energy stores in the form of blubber before arriving at breeding sites.
這在講O並非題目要求的P
D. They depleted less than a third of their stored body fat during lactation.
Less錯應改成large
E. The replenished their fat stores only after their lactation period ended.
However, recent studies….那段有提到h(類P)結束哺乳期後6天才開始Forage,因此E, correct
ANS E
Q36: The author of the passage mentions ringed seals most probably in order to
A. provide an example of a phocid species that fasts throughout its entire lactation period
B. provide an example of a phocid species whose maternal strategy is typical of phocid species
C. provide an example of a phocid species that may deplete an even higher proportion of its fat stores during lactation than harbor seals do
D. support the assertion that harbor seals are smaller than many other phocids
E. support the assertion that harbor seals’ maternal strategy may be related to their small size
ANS E
這題雖然選對,但因為其它選項都不好於是才勉強選E,我對文章中提出R的用意其實不是很理解,
只知道R和H一樣small size,並且採用foraging strategy.不知道如何在回文定位中可以看出,它們
體型小脂肪少所以需要出去foraging????
怎麼會這個苦命,沒人理我這篇天山閱讀.....
