GWD31-Q5 to GWD31-Q8

[dibert8]

Passage two
A key decision required of advertising managers is whether a “hard-sell” or “soft-sell” strategy is appropriate for a specific target market. The hard-sell approach involves the use of direct, forceful claims regarding the benefits of the advertised brand over competitors’ offerings. In contrast, the soft-sell approach involves the use of advertising claims that imply superiority more subtly.
One positive aspect of the hard-sell approach is its use of very simple and straightforward product claims presented as explicit conclusions, with little room for confusion regarding the advertiser’s message. However, some consumers may resent being told what to believe and some may distrust the message. Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang effects where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims. By contrast, the risk of boomerang effects is greatly reduced with soft-sell approaches. One way to implement the soft-sell approach is to provide information that implies the main conclusions the advertiser wants the consumer to draw, but leave the conclusions themselves unstated. Because consumers are invited to make up their own minds, implicit conclusions reduce the risk of resentment, distrust, and counterargumentation.
(Line 43) Recent research on consumer memory and judgment suggests another advantage of implicit conclusions. Beliefs from conclusions that are self-generated are more accessible from memory than beliefs from conclusions provided explicitly by other individuals, and thus have a greater impact on judgment and decision making. Moreover, self-generated beliefs are often perceived as more accurate and valid than the beliefs of others, because other individuals may be perceived as less knowledgeable, or may be perceived as manipulative or deliberately misleading.
Despite these advantages, implicit conclusions may not always be more effective than explicit conclusions. One risk is that some consumers may fail to draw their own conclusions and thus miss the point of the message. Inferential activity is likely only when consumers are motivated and able to engage in effortful cognitive processes. Another risk is that some consumers may draw conclusions other than the one intended. Even if inferential activity is likely, there is no guarantee that consumers will follow the path provided by the advertiser. Finally, a third risk is that consumers may infer the intended conclusion but question the validity of their inference.

5: The primary purpose of the passage is to
A: point out the risks involved in the use of a particular advertising strategy
B: make a case or the superiority of one advertising strategy over another
C: illustrate the ways in which two advertising strategies may be implemented
D: present the advantages and disadvantages of two advertising strategies
E: contrast the types of target markets for which two advertising strategies are appropriate

6: it can be inferred from the passage that the research mentioned in line 43 (Recent research on consumer memory and judgment) supports which of the following statements?
A: implicit conclusions are more likely to capture accurately the point of the advertiser’s message than are explicit conclusions.
B: Counterargument action is less likely to occur if an individual’s beliefs or conclusions are readily accessible from memory.
C: The hard-sell approach results in conclusions that are more difficult for the consumer to recall than are conclusions resulting from the soft-sell approach.
D: When the beliefs of others are presented as definite and forceful claims, they are perceived to be as accurate as self-generated beliefs.
E: Despite the advantages of implicit conclusions, the hard-sell approach involves fewer risks for the advertiser than does the soft-sell approach.

7: It can be inferred from the passage that one situation in which the boomerang effect often occurs is when consumers
A: have been exposed to forceful claims that are diametrically opposed to those in an advertiser’s message
B: have previous self-generated beliefs or conclusions that are readily accessible from memory
C: are subjected to advertising messages that are targeted at specific markets to which those consumers do not belong
D: are confused regarding the point of the advertiser’s message
E: come to view the advertiser’s message with suspicion

8: It can be inferred from the passage that advertisers could reduce one of the risks discussed in the last paragraph if they were able to provide
A: motivation for consumers to think about the advertisement’s message
B: information that implies the advertiser’s intended conclusion but leaves that conclusion unstated
C: subtle evidence that the advertised product is superior to that of competitors
D: information comparing the advertised product with its competitors
E: opportunity for consumers to generate their own beliefs or conclusions



Ans: Q5--D, Q6--C, Q7--A, Q8--A

想問的是 Q7
infer: 推論題
文章相關字句是: Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang effects where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims.
憎惡與不信任導致反對意見和反彈的效應(發生)在消費者所持的結論跟廣告信誓旦旦的聲明正好相反時.
(A) 消費者曝露在與廣告訊息相反的強力聲明下
文章裡消費者的結論應該是自己的判斷,這個意見(結論)跟廣告的強力聲明相反,導致消費者反彈.
而 (A) 裡消費者的結論得自於強力聲明,不是自己的判斷,跟文章裡說的不一樣.
另外一點是 forceful claim 應該是來自廣告吧! 廣告本身的聲明和廣告的訊息相反=>自相矛盾?
我覺得應該選 (E): view = believe; suspicion = distrust

[A級垂耳兔]

Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang effects

直接定位是Resentment and distrust lead to boomerang effects 沒錯...
支持E

[CherrieLi]

不好意思, 我想問一下, 第8題的A選項是錯在哪裡呢?

[chris8888]

where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims.
=> 這部分主要是解釋boomerang, 題目是問when consumers ..... 不是問boomerang倒底是怎麼一回事
所以 ..
Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang effects where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims.

劃面部份最佳的解釋了what leads to...

[CherrieLi]

我覺得第8題是在講第4段的部份耶...

Despite these advantages, implicit conclusions may not always be more effective than explicit conclusions. One risk is that some consumers may fail to draw their own conclusions and thus miss the point of the message. Inferential activity is likely only when consumers are motivated and able to engage in effortful cognitive processes.

[sunnyblue13s]

可以請問一下....第6題的定位點在哪ㄚ....

6: It can be inferred from the passage that the research mentioned in line 43 (Recent research on consumer memory and judgment) supports which of the following statements?

A. implicit conclusions are more likely to capture accurately the point of the advertiser’s message than are explicit conclusions.
B. Counterargument action is less likely to occur if an individual’s beliefs or conclusions are readily accessible from memory.
C. The hard-sell approach results in conclusions that are more difficult for the consumer to recall than are conclusions resulting from the soft-sell approach.
D. When the beliefs of others are presented as definite and forceful claims, they are perceived to be as accurate as self-generated beliefs.
E. Despite the advantages of implicit conclusions, the hard-sell approach involves fewer risks for the advertiser than does the soft-sell approach.

我看了好久~~還是想不通說~~

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

可以請問一下....第6題的定位點在哪ㄚ....

我看了好久~~還是想不通說~~

(Line 43) Recent research on consumer memory and judgment suggests another advantage of implicit conclusions. Beliefs from conclusions that are self-generated are more accessible from memory than beliefs from conclusions provided explicitly by other individuals, and thus have a greater impact on judgment and decision making.

[sunnyblue13s]

可以請問一下....第6題的定位點在哪ㄚ....

6: It can be inferred from the passage that the research mentioned in line 43 (Recent research on consumer memory and judgment) supports which of the following statements?

A. implicit conclusions are more likely to capture accurately the point of the advertiser’s message than are explicit conclusions.
B. Counterargument action is less likely to occur if an individual’s beliefs or conclusions are readily accessible from memory.
C. The hard-sell approach results in conclusions that are more difficult for the consumer to recall than are conclusions resulting from the soft-sell approach.
D. When the beliefs of others are presented as definite and forceful claims, they are perceived to be as accurate as self-generated beliefs.
E. Despite the advantages of implicit conclusions, the hard-sell approach involves fewer risks for the advertiser than does the soft-sell approach.


我看了好久~~還是想不通說~~

(Line 43) Recent research on consumer memory and judgment suggests another advantage of implicit conclusions. Beliefs from conclusions that are self-generated are more accessible from memory than beliefs from conclusions provided explicitly by other individuals, and thus have a greater impact on judgment and decision making.

這題我是有選出答案...但以"猜"的成分居多...

我有定到這個位置應該是答案的出處...

但檢討的時候...我真的想不到...這段話怎麼跟答案做出連結...

突然完全找不到思路方向...還懇請協助...

還有我的問題幾乎都是靠Huang Hsin-Yi得到協助的....

真的很謝謝你!!

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

不用客氣,希望有幫忙到

(LINE43)最近在消費者記憶與意見的研究中,建議,其他隱喻結論的好處o這個結論相信自己產生的記憶比從別人告訴你的結論更容易被影響.......

從前段可知藍色部分是hard-sell的動作,因此可以反向推出C的選項

[ilovecushi]

where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims.
=> 這部分主要是解釋boomerang, 題目是問when consumers ..... 不是問boomerang倒底是怎麼一回事
所以 ..
Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang effects where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims.

劃面部份最佳的解釋了what leads to...

so now the conclusion is A?

also, if "distrust" is part of the answer. isn't it equal to "suspicion"?

thanks

[sunnyblue13s]

請問~~Q7現在大家偏向支持哪個答案ㄚ?

[chencraig0227]

I goes for (E).

Choice (A) appears to be somewhat convincing, but the blue part of "...exposed to forceful claims that are diametrically opposed to those in an advertiser’s message" is not mentioned in this article.

[angela_yj0424]

6: It can be inferred from the passage that the research mentioned in line 43 (Recent research on consumer memory and judgment) supports which of the following statements?
A. implicit conclusions are more likely to capture accurately the point of the advertiser’s message than are explicit conclusions.（原詞重現－迷惑選項）
B. Counterargument action is less likely to occur if an individual’s beliefs or conclusions are readily accessible from memory.（錯，只是比較說implicit更容易被記得）
C. The hard-sell approach(=explicitly) results in conclusions that are more difficult for the consumer to recall（＝memory） than are conclusions resulting from the soft-sell approach.(=self-generated 就是soft-sell的核心)
答案非常典型︰比較反過來寫
D. When the beliefs of others are presented as definite and forceful claims, they are perceived to be as accurate as self-generated beliefs. （別段）
E. Despite the advantages of implicit conclusions, the hard-sell approach involves fewer risks for the advertiser than does the soft-sell approach.（錯誤的比較）