Prep Test2- essay8

[kaijen]

Essay #8. 219 (22388-!-item-!-188;#058&00219-00)

Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion, the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period. Elizabeth Faue's study of the labor movement in Minneapolis argues that women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions from the community politics from which industrial unionism had emerged. Faue stresses the importance of women's contribution to the development of unions at the community level, contributions that made women's ultimate fate within the city's labor movement all the more poignant: as unions reached the peak of their strength in the 1940s, the community base that had made their success possible and to which women's contributions were so vital became increasingly irrelevant to unions' institutional life.

In her study of CIO industrial unions from the 1930s to the 1970s, Nancy F. Gabin also acknowledges the pervasive male domination in the unions, but maintains that women workers were able to create a political space within some unions to advance their interests as women. Gabin shows that, despite the unions' tendency to marginalize women's issues, working women's demands were a constant undercurrent within the union, and she stresses the links between the unions' women activists and the wave of feminism that emerged in the 1960s.

Question #25. 219-01 (22434-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-01)

According to the passage, Faue's study and Gabin's study agree in that both

(A) attribute the inclusion of women in unions to the policies of the CIO
(B) emphasize the importance of unions at the community level
(C) argue that women played important roles in the establishment of industrial union organizations
(D) suggest that women in industrial union organizations played a subordinate role
(E) suggest that the interests of women workers were incompatible with those of unions in general

Ans: (D)

Question #26. 219-02 (22480-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-02)

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
(B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial unions.
(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion.
(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions.

Ans:(C)

Question #27. 219-04 (22526-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-04)

The author of the passage is primarily concerned with

(A) presenting two views
(B) reconciling two antithetical claims
(C) assessing conflicting evidence
(D) weakening a generally accepted argument
(E) tracing the development of an ideology

Ans:(A)

[kaijen]

Question #26. 219-02 (22480-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-02)

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
(B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial unions.
(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion.
(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions.

Ans:(C)

我選了(D)
因為文章第一句話
Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion,
為什麼答案是(C)?

[dibert8]

Q #26 推論題
(A) women 和 establishment of industrial unions 無關

Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion, the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period.
although 說明 nondiscrimination and inclusion 和 gender ideology 不相容 => (D) 不選

Elizabeth Faue's study of the labor movement in Minneapolis argues that women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions from the community politics from which industrial unionism had emerged.
說明 marginalized 是果, bureaucratization 是因; bureaucratization = gender ideology => (B) 不選

Faue stresses the importance of women's contribution to the development of unions at the community level, contributions that made women's ultimate fate ... poignant
poignant 是 mitigate 的反義字 => (E) 不選

: as unions reached the peak of their strength in the 1940s, the community base that had made their success possible and to which women's contributions were so vital became increasingly irrelevant to unions' institutional life.
vital = significant; contributions = effect => (C)

[小花]

Question #25. 219-01 (22434-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-01)

According to the passage, Faue's study and Gabin's study agree in that both

(A) attribute the inclusion of women in unions to the policies of the CIO
(B) emphasize the importance of unions at the community level
(C) argue that women played important roles in the establishment of industrial union organizations
(D) suggest that women in industrial union organizations played a subordinate role
(E) suggest that the interests of women workers were incompatible with those of unions in general

Ans: (D)

不懂為何是D呢? 我選C

[小花]

Question #26. 219-02 (22480-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-02)

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
(B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial unions.
(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion.
(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions.

Ans:(C)

我選了(D)
因為文章第一句話
Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion,
為什麼答案是(C)?

這的確不好選
gender ideology 讓我想到兩性平等
綜觀全文 學者對女性在union organizations的評價提升
所以我選C

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

第25題我定位在以下這一句
Nancy F. Gabin also acknowledges the pervasive male domination in the unions, but maintains..........

gabin也同意 男性統治文化
因此可推出D選項女性扮演次要的角色的答案


參考看看

[chris8888]

Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion, the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period.
1. 雖然產業聯盟組織舉著CIO的旗幟擁抱不歧視和兼容並蓄的原則, 但是女性的角色卻反映出的當時主要的性別意識型態
idealism 理想主義
ideology 空想 / 思想體系 / 意識型態
Elizabeth Faue's study of the labor movement in Minneapolis argues that women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions from the community politics from which industrial unionism had emerged.
F的研究主張 : 女性受到官僚的邊緣化
Faue stresses the importance of women's contribution to the development of unions at the community level, contributions that made women's ultimate fate within the city's labor movement all the more poignant: as unions reached the peak of their strength in the 1940s, the community base that had made their success possible and to which women's contributions were so vital became increasingly irrelevant to unions' institutional life.
1. F強調 : 女性對聯盟的發展是很重要的, 但被忽視.
2. 當聯盟達到了他們力量的頂峰時, 這個根基(曾經讓聯盟成功成為可能的 and 女性貢獻是如此重要的) 最終變成了無關於聯盟的制度的主體性. (我推測, 應該是說女人讓此聯盟有好的成果, 可是卻被忽視, 被遺忘的意思)

In her study of CIO industrial unions from the 1930s to the 1970s, Nancy F. Gabin also acknowledges the pervasive male domination in the unions, but maintains that women workers were able to create a political space within some unions to advance their interests as women.
G也認為男性主宰了這聯盟, 不過主張女性工人能夠創造政治的地位
Gabin shows that, despite the unions' tendency to marginalize women's issues, working women's demands were a constant undercurrent within the union, and she stresses the links between the unions' women activists and the wave of feminism that emerged in the 1960s.
G表示 : 儘管聯盟往往會去邊緣化女性的議題, 但是女性的要求會持續不斷的努力下去.


Question #25. 219-01 (22434-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-01)

According to the passage, Faue's study and Gabin's study agree in that both

(A) attribute the inclusion of women in unions to the policies of the CIO
這句話應該不是她們說的.
(B) emphasize the importance of unions at the community level
這不是他門的觀點
(C) argue that women played important roles in the establishment of industrial union organizations
不, 他門認為女性都被歧視, 當然不可以會認為已經扮演了重要的角色
(D) suggest that women in industrial union organizations played a subordinate role
他們都認為女性很重要, 但被忽視, 因此必然都同意女性目前扮演著次要的角色
(E) suggest that the interests of women workers were incompatible with those of unions in general
利益的不相容? No
Ans: (D)

Question #26. 219-02 (22480-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-02)

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?
我起初以為ideology是理想主義, 表示男女絕對評等主張, 後來查了翻譯, 才知道這是中性的用詞, 甚至有點負面的, 比方說空論 / 空想而無實質的
仔細看文章, 發現它其實是要表示idelogy是一種普遍的想法, 也就是儘管有聯盟努力消彌不平等和性別歧視, 但是作者仍就認為這意識型態(暗示在產業中對女性的歧視)仍舊非常猖獗 or prevailing.
推論題, 根據OG的解釋, 看一句話通常看不出所以然, 所以要看highlighted text前後各一句.

Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion, the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period. Elizabeth Faue's study of the labor movement in Minneapolis argues that women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions from the community politics from which industrial unionism had emerged.

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
沒看見文章有寫.
(B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial unions.
gender ideology 源自於排斥 / 邊緣化, 沒看見
(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
gender ideology (gender ideology)性別歧視在處於產業聯盟中的女性議題的發展有著很深遠的影響作用. <== 不容易推論呀, 我想主要是説gender ideology打壓著女人的發展, 歧視著女人, 因此有很重大的影響在女性議題上.
(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion.
根據Although, .... (雖然, 但是) 這一題就可以刪去了
(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions.
根據poignant 更濃烈 / 更毒辣 應該是這個gender ideology(性別意識型態 : 簡單說就是歧視)被嚴重激化了, 而不是減輕, 他說雖然聯盟擁抱了不歧視的觀點, 但是歧視的觀點(gender ideology)依舊盛行, 可了解在聯盟中越形惡化.

Ans:(C)

Question #27. 219-04 (22526-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-04)

The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
提出一個普遍的女性被歧視的事實, F的觀點...., G的觀點

(A) presenting two views
(B) reconciling two antithetical claims
reconciling 退讓? 沒有提到任何字眼
(C) assessing conflicting evidence
衝突? 沒有
(D) weakening a generally accepted argument
弱化論點?? 沒有
(E) tracing the development of an ideology
追朔意識形態的發展? 沒有呀, 再講兩個人的觀點, 沒追朔意識形態的過去和發展

Ans:(A)

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
gender ideology (gender ideology)性別歧視在處於產業聯盟中的女性議題的發展有著很深遠的影響作用. <== 不容易推論呀, 我想主要是説gender ideology打壓著女人的發展, 歧視著女人, 因此有很重大的影響在女性議題上.
Ans:(C)

煩呀!還是做錯, 答案真不知怎麼推出來的

[amazingslim]

我想是不是可以定位到最後ㄧ句啊
Gabin shows that, despite the unions' tendency to marginalize women's issues, working women's demands were a constant undercurrent within the union, and she stresses the links between the unions' women activists and the wave of feminism that emerged in the 1960s.
雖然聯盟打壓女性議題(也就是因為gender ideology)，但是women's demands 一直是一股暗流，甚至跟後來的女權主義相關
對應到(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

我想應該可以,謝謝囉!