[討論]GWD3-Q32

[keane0727]

After viewing this old and long discussion, I still prefer choice(A). Here is why.

In this question, we are required to find a reason to support the claim that the governor's action (deny the inmates' access of college-level courses) is counter to the government's goal (decrease the crime rate). OK, looks here. If we carefully compare the choice (A) to the claim, we can easily find the following:
not being able to take college-level courses (= governor's action = deny the access of college-level courses)...is unlikely to (= counter to) deter anyone from a crime...(= government's goal = to decrease the crime rate).
Therefore, the choice (A) directly tell you that the governor's action indeed be unable to attain the government's goal.

Welcome any other suggestion!

不同意紅色部份的等式… deter anyone from a crime就等於decrease the crime rate 嗎？
A取非可以解譯為，"剝奪就學管道"確實可能阻止一人犯罪。僅阻止一人犯罪怎麼能說是能降低犯罪率呢？因此A取非不能否定原題因到果的推論

選C, 這是確認因果關係的assumption, 排除選擇就學的人是本身就比較不易累犯之它因

[la-vie]

GWD3-Q32:
Newspaper editorial:

In an attempt to reduce the crime rate, the governor is getting tough on criminals and making prison conditions harsher. Part of this effort has been to deny inmates the access they formerly had to college-level courses. However, this action is clearly counter to the governor’s ultimate goal, since after being released form prison, inmates who had taken such courses committed far fewer crimes overall than other inmates.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. Not being able to take college-level courses while in prison is unlikely to deter anyone from a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed.
B. Former inmates are no more likely to commit crimes than are members of the general population.
C. The group of inmates who chose to take college-level courses were not already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released.
D. Taking high school level courses in prison has less effect on an inmate’s subsequent behavior than taking college-level courses does.
E. The governor’s ultimate goal actually is to gain popularity by convincing people that something effective is being done about crime.ANS：C


反推法
本篇結論：出獄之後，有上過課的犯人犯罪比其他人少很多
( inmates who had taken such courses committed far fewer crimes overall than other inmates.)
(C) 那些上課的犯人本來就沒有比其他人比較不可能出獄後犯罪
(The group of inmates who chose to take college-level courses were [not] already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released.)

反→那些上課的人出獄之後比其他人可能或一樣容易犯罪

反推法則違背結論，故此選項為正確答案


(A) 在獄中不能上課不能阻止任何人犯罪
(Not being able to take college-level courses while in prison is [un]likely to deter anyone from a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed)

反→不能上課比較可能阻止犯罪

反推法沒有解釋編輯(也就是本篇)的結論”有上課的犯罪率是高還低?”，反而支持政府結論(報紙編輯(本篇)反對的意見)

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這是我的想法
請教一下有錯誤嗎?

[dibert8]

(A) 有個武斷字眼 anyone, 使得它脫離了命題範圍:在監牢裡的人;
"不能在監牢裡上大學課程,不大可能阻止任何人不去犯罪"這跟命題(出獄後,上過大學課程的受刑人比其他受刑人少犯罪)好像沒什麼關係也!
怎麼無關呢? 且看:
1. (A) 沒說何時犯罪,命題是--出獄後
2. (A) 沒有比較上課和沒上課的人,而且是"任何人",這下是不是扯太遠了?

(C) The group of inmates {who chose to take college-level courses} were not already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released.
not less than... : 不比...少
選擇上大學課程的受刑人不比其他受刑人出獄後少犯罪.再把 already (已經)的意思放進去:"選擇上大學課程的受刑人原本就不比其他受刑人出獄後少犯罪." => 所有受刑人在犯罪的可能性上無分別,那上不上課顯出差別才真是上課造成的囉!
取非看看:選擇上大學課程的受刑人原本就比其他受刑人出獄後少犯罪,則命題不會成立.

[phillipchu]

怎麼會扯出這麼多東西呢?
這題答案不就是C嗎?
A選項看起來就像是SUPPORT的答案...但不是Assumption
A選項的意思是在監獄不能夠修課較不可能阻止犯人再犯罪...
不就支持了結論修課的犯人放出來後較不會再犯...只是重申結論...
C選項的意思應該是修課的犯人本來就不是那些放出去後就不敢再犯罪的人....
代表在修課前所有犯人再犯機會都是一樣的...這不就是典型的Assumption答案
若選課的犯人原本就是那些害怕再被關的人...就算不修課放出去後一樣不敢再犯..
這不就把原來的 修課----不再犯...的因果關係破壞了嗎?

多謝兔大的解析，讓我豁然開朗，本還以為兩者都可以選
卻忘記了要去分辨support與assumption類型題的差異性

這樣看來真的只有C才對了。

[veda[origen]]

各位先進:

江璞老師指出選項 A 的錯誤之處在於答案中所犯的罪是指以前所犯過的罪(a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed).

由於犯相同的罪與否與題意並無關聯,故應為無關之選項設計.

如此一來,正確答案應為C無誤.

[bmwmthree]

怎麼會扯出這麼多東西呢?
這題答案不就是C嗎?
A選項看起來就像是SUPPORT的答案...但不是Assumption
A選項的意思是在監獄不能夠修課較不可能阻止犯人再犯罪...
不就支持了結論修課的犯人放出來後較不會再犯...只是重申結論...
C選項的意思應該是修課的犯人本來就不是那些放出去後就不敢再犯罪的人....
代表在修課前所有犯人再犯機會都是一樣的...這不就是典型的Assumption答案
若選課的犯人原本就是那些害怕再被關的人...就算不修課放出去後一樣不敢再犯..
這不就把原來的 修課----不再犯...的因果關係破壞了嗎?

多謝兔大的解析，讓我豁然開朗，本還以為兩者都可以選
卻忘記了要去分辨support與assumption類型題的差異性

這樣看來真的只有C才對了。

感謝您的解答讓我頓時豁然開朗唷!!