[分享] AWA 5.0 模板

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[分享] AWA 5.0 模板

文章ml7518 » 2009-02-27 09:01

我來分享一個5分的AWA模板,用結構式作文的方式幫助大家掌握得分之鑰。
不論是Issue、還是Argument,我都採用5段式作文,第一段是引言段,抄題目,
並提出立場或題目所犯的邏輯錯誤;第二、三、四段是主體段,每段提出一個
reason,並舉一個example去support它;第五段是結論段,summarize主體段的
reasons,最後restate引言段的立場或邏輯錯誤。如此才能環環相扣、頭尾呼應
、結構縝密。另外,關於Argument作文,我的心得是只要模板的句型結構可以套
用,通通打上去,不要管它究竟犯了幾個邏輯錯誤,這是一個強迫取分的戰術,
畢竟時間有限,要盡可能把模板套用上去,把文章塞滿。實際考試的時候,先把
各段的模板打上去,把文章的骨架先弄出來,然後用reason跟example把文章的
肉補進去。通常模板(骨架)打上去就有120~150字了,剩下二、三、四段的reason
跟example,每段花50~60個字做說明,這樣就有洋洋灑灑300字了。而且,這個
模板還有一個好處,首尾兩段一開始就套公式寫好了,所以萬一時間來不及,你
的句子會斷在第四段最後一句,但不影響文章整體結構,還是可以拿5分。接下
來,我來說明Issue跟Argument的模板該如何使用?

ISSUE

引言段:

第一句:抄題目

第二句:眾說紛紜,套萬用句,一句用在第一段;一句用在最後一段。
(1)Views differ greatly when it comes to the issue of whether/
the statement that
(2)People respond differently to the issue of whether

第三句:立意,同意/不同意;全部/部分(partially agree with),
套萬用句,一句用在第一段;一句用在最後一段。
(1)My personal experience and actual observations of life have
led me to conclude that
(2)I strongly agree with this statement for the following reasons.

主體段:分成二、三、四段,每段包含三部份─reason、example,最後再
改寫reason(也就是換句話說),用來衝字數。但如果舉的example
內容夠多,可以把改寫reason這一部份省略掉。

First of all, reason 1 + example + 改寫reason 1

In addition, reason 2 + example + 改寫reason 2

Finally, reason 3 + example + 改寫reason 3

※補充:請盡量使用下列連接詞、副詞做為每一句的開頭。AWA用電腦閱卷時
,會去掃這些連接詞、副詞,是否跟你引言段的立場相同或違背。
電腦不可能聰明到能理解你的立場,但它至少能透過這些關鍵字去
分析你的文章是否前後矛盾、立論不一致,所以要多用、善用這些
連接詞、副詞,一方面增加字數;一方面幫助電腦做有效分析,以
真實反映你的程度。

轉折:However, Nevertheless, On the contrary, On the other hand
因果:Therefore, Consequently, As a result, Thus, Hence
舉例:For example/instance
強調:Moreover, Furthermore, Besides, In addition, In fact,
In other words,

結論段:

第一句:In conclusion, + 眾說紛紜
第二句:summarize主體段的reasons
第三句:restate position(改寫立意那一句)

PS.Issue與Argument不同點:用「眾說紛紜」取代「主題句」,並多了「立意」。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Argument

引言段:

第一句:抄題目

第二句:主題句,指出題目所犯的邏輯錯誤(套萬用句,一句用在第一段;一句
用在最後一段)。請注意,Argument作文一定要持反對立場,這樣才能
引用萬用句去攻擊它。萬用句我分成兩種,一種是通用型的,不管犯
什麼邏輯錯誤都可以套;一種是特殊型的,必須針對特定邏輯錯誤才
可以套用。

主體段:結構同Issue的主體段。唯一不同的是,在行文中,如果句型結構可以
套得上去,就把針對特定邏輯錯誤的模板引用上去,以充實版面。就算
套三、四個特定邏輯錯誤的模板也沒關係,因為題目的論述所犯的邏輯
錯誤絕對不只一個,就盡情發揮吧!

結論段:

第一句:In conclusion, + restate主題句(套另一句萬用句)
第二句:summarize主體段的reasons
第三句:結尾句

萬用句:不論犯什麼邏輯錯誤都可以套。

第一段:However, I do not think the argument is logically convincing
because some of the assumptions on which its conclusion rests
are highly questionable for the following reasons.
第一段:At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be somewhat
convincing, but further reflection reveals that it is based on
some dubious assumptions.
最後一段:In conclusion, the author’s argument is not well reasoned
because it rests on questionable assumptions.
最後一段:The argument is not acceptable because it does not have
sufficient evidence to support its conclusion.

針對特定邏輯錯誤的萬用句:

★過度簡化(oversimplification):找更多factors.

第一段:At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be somewhat
convincing, but further reflection reveals that it leaves out
some significant factors that should be addressed to substantiate
the argument.
最後一段:Therefore, the conclusion lacks credibility because the evidence
cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the
author claims.
最後一段:The argument is mainly flawed because it overlooks certain major
considerations.
最後一段:What works for X will not necessarily work for Y.

★錯誤類比(faulty analogy):

第一段:I wonder whether the comparison of two things suggests that they
are similar when they are, in fact, distinctively different.
最後一段:The argument wrongly assumes that X and Y are analogous.

★不合邏輯的推論(illogical reasoning)或無法檢驗的論點:

第一段:The argument is based on the writer’s own speculation rather
than on the result of a study or on the government-released
information. What is worse, he is trying to pass his speculation
off as an established fact.
最後一段:The argument is invalid because its assumption that_______ is
highly questionable.

以偏概全(overgeneralization):

第一段:The author makes a logical connection between A and B, but he
does not supply enough information to support its generalization.
最後一段:The evidence that the author lays out is not conclusive because
only one example is rarely sufficient to establish a general
conclusion.

誤用統計數字:

第一段:The argument makes a seemingly attractive claim, but its
persuasive force is seriously weakened by the misinterpretation
of its statistics.
最後一段:The author fails to interpret those statistics correctly.

時間先後不能視為因果

第一段:The author assumes that because one event follows another in time,
the first event caused the second. In other words, he mistakes a
temporal connection for a causal connection.
第一段:______may be a matter of coincidence, not cause and effect.
最後一段:There is no proof of a direct-cause relationship between X and Y.
最後一段:A post-hoc fallacy makes the argument invalid.

抽象概念被視為具體事實

第一段:An abstract concept is used as if it were concrete reality.
最後一段:The credibility of the survey is in doubt. If the survey is
conducted by a reliable institution, the argument will be more
convincing.

PS.打★是最常考的邏輯錯誤,如果模板背不完,至少要把打★的部份背熟。
您沒有權限檢視這篇文章所附加的檔案。
ml7518
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文章: 8
註冊時間: 2006-11-15 16:33

Re: [分享] AWA 5.0 模板

文章ICHUN » 2009-10-22 11:34

下載的模板沒辦法打開!! 請問有人有原檔,可以再PO一次嗎!?!?
ICHUN
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文章: 1
註冊時間: 2009-10-21 14:26

Re: [分享] AWA 5.0 模板

文章jubejubej » 2010-11-24 11:07

非常感謝 對我有極大的幫助!!!
jubejubej
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文章: 1
註冊時間: 2010-11-24 09:44

Re: [分享] AWA 5.0 模板

文章granger » 2011-07-05 14:07

雖然下載檔案無法開啓,還是很感謝發表文章內的指引。=)
granger
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文章: 6
註冊時間: 2007-07-15 05:41


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