有不會背的ＧＲＥ單字嗎？照過來！我教你！

[spank]

這題填空不難，但很有趣，可以讓你學到東西，你一定要看看！

Only by ignoring decades of mismanagement and inefficiency could investors conclude that a fresh infusion of cash would provide anything other than a ______ solution to the company’s financial woes.

(A) complete (B) fleeting (C) momentary (D) premature (E) trivial (F) total

出處：OG, p. 381, #1

臺灣和大陸的網友看了官方的解說之後都說看不懂，怎麼回事？哪裏出問題了？

[spank]

詞語解釋：
[1]. (A) complete：（完全的）fully carried out : THOROUGH
[2]. (B) fleeting：（短暫的）passing swiftly : TRANSITORY
[3]. (C) momentary：（短暫的）continuing only a moment : FLEETING
[4]. (D) premature：（早熟的）happening, arriving, existing, or performed before the proper, usual, or intended time
[5]. (E) trivial：（瑣碎的）of little worth or importance
[6]. (F) total：（完全的）comprising or constituting a whole : ENTIRE

[7]. Woes：n. 困難；災難(可數)；不幸(不可數時作悲哀；悲痛解)
He was faithful to me in weal and woe .
不管是在順境或是在逆境，他一直對我忠誠。
She told him all her woes . 她向他傾訴全部苦惱。

答案：(B) (C)
官方解說：

The key phrases that indicate how the blank for this question should be completed are “Only by ignoring decades of mismanagement and inefficiency” and “provide anything other than.” Taken together, these phrases indicate that the sentence will not envision a very beneficial or successful resolution of the “financial woes.”

Among the answer choices, “complete” and “total” are quite close in meaning and would clearly create two sentences very similar in meaning. But those two sentences would be internally contradictory, suggesting that doing something unwise would completely solve a problem.

“Fleeting” and “momentary” suggest that the event referred to (“a fresh infusion of cash”) might have some beneficial effect, but that it would ultimately not resolve the problem. Thus, the correct answer is fleeting (Choice B) and momentary (Choice C).

看得懂嗎？

[spank]

Jun 18, 2014有一位Pearl Sabarwal他認為答案是A, F ，上網提問
=======================================================
Pearl Sabarwal：
wouldn't '(provide) anything other than a permanent solution = temporary solution'
That way A, F should be the answer. Jun 18, 2014

=======================================================
Jun 24, 2014 Magoosh的講員回答他的問題

Kevin Rocci, Magoosh Tutor

You are on the right track, but I think you are missing the core meaning of the sentence. We have to pay attention to the fact that this company has mismanaged the company for a long time. They have been inefficient with the use of money.
So the sentence is saying that the investors would be foolish to give more money to the company since they have a reputation of not using money well.

Thus, giving money to them will only be a temporary solution, as you pointed out. And the fact that it is temporary means it couldn't be (A) or (F). That's actually the opposite of what they are saying.

Does that make sense?

Jun 24, 2014

看得懂嗎？

[spank]

大陸的網友這樣寫道：

真心觉得这个ignoring用的不对，正常思路是：

考虑到多年管理不善，新投入的钱，只能解燃眉之急。 或者:
只有忽略多年来管理上不足，我们才得出钱能够彻底解决问题。

可是如果是后者，anything other than 就不对了。。。。。 很纠结啊
================================================================
臺灣的網友在ppt gre板上寫：

作者jasonee (jsmart)
看板GRE
標題[問題] 麟渡兮 填空第74題
時間Thu Jun 12 14:44:28 2014

請問一下各位這題要如何從A,F 和B,C這兩組答案裡做選擇？我想了好久，但是
卡在anything other than 這句，這句後面接的東西是被排除在外的還是包在裡面，
看了他官方解說還是沒懂，拜託救救命！
================================================================

三個人提出的問題都差不多，問題到底出在哪裏？

[spank]

從上面的敘述，可以明確看到不管是官方、Magoosh Tutor、三個發問者都有一個共同的觀念：
一個管理及效率不好的公司，你給再多的錢要挽救它的財政危機，效果終究不大，
頂多解解它的燃眉之急(giving money to them will only be a temporary solution)。

既然大家都有一樣的想法，為什麼發問者答題時卻出錯了，問題出在哪裏？

1. 問題出在我們不了解anything other than的意思及用法！

2. 問題出在我們忘了一件事：用錯誤的事實推論，得到的結論就會是錯誤的

[spank]

1. 問題出在我們不了解anything other than的意思及用法！
首先，請記住 other than=not including(不含)

所以，
Carrier: UPS Shipping to/from countries other than Taiwan. 就是台灣以外的地方, 出貨或寄貨都用UPS(不含臺灣)

Cannot remember anything other than the his face.->任何事情都忘記了(不包含他的臉)=除了他的長相外，什麼其他的事情都記不起來了

anything other than a momentary solution->任何事(但不包含a momentary solution)=絕不是a momentary solution

另外，"Anything other than" is usually preceded by a negative，例如
I don't believe that this was was anything other than a futile attempt.

[spank]

2. 問題出在我們忘了一件事：
用錯誤的事實推論，得到的結論就會是錯誤的

這些投資者
用錯誤的事實(沒有考慮mismanagement and inefficiency)去推論，
-> 得到的結論(=conclude that a fresh infusion of cash would provide anything
other than a _____ solution to the company's financial woes.)就會是錯誤的
->所以讓上句話表達錯誤的邏輯的選項才是我們要的。

你若選complete/total，上句的意思就變成
重新注入現金不是一項完整解決公司財政困難的方法(這是正確的邏輯），不選。

你若選fleeting/momentary，上句的意思就變成
重新注入現金不是一項暫時解決公司財政困難的方法(這是一個錯誤的邏輯），選。

註：
大家一致的觀念便是正確的邏輯：
一個管理及效率不好的公司，你給再多的錢要挽救它的財政危機，效果終究不大，
頂多解解它的燃眉之急，只是個fleeting/momentary solution

翻譯：
只有忽略幾十年來的不當管理和無效率行事才能讓投資者下一個結論：重新注入現金
不是一項暫時解決公司財政困難的方法。
(spank註：這是一個錯誤的推論所得到的一個錯誤的結論)

[spank]

上面的分析主要是弄懂題目在說什麼，

真正做答時，可以用邏輯分析的方法這樣做：


conclude表示同義重複(colude之前和之後的句子是同義的)

ignore ------ mismanagement / inefficiency => other than-------- _______ solution

ignore是負面詞彙anything other than也是負面詞彙
所以這個______ solution 應該和 mismanagement / inefficiency同義(負面意義)

所以填(B)(C)(具負面意義)

[spank]

轉載蘋果動新聞：史上英文最強水電工　托福885分
【動新聞】史上英文最強水電工　托福885分
2014年06月06日18:58

就是愛英文！擔任水電工近40年的翁潤澤僅有初中學歷，但秉持「就算是工人，也要擁有比人強的第二專長」精神，數十年來自修英文，先後考過全民英檢中高級和多益，今年報考托福Junior，聽力測驗滿分，考出885分高分（滿分900）。

他謙虛說：「希望用歐吉桑當例子，帶給台灣社會一些正面能量」，接下來他將再挑戰托福Junior達滿分，最終目標則是托福ITP，「考試是對自己的評估和成就感，證明沒有浪費人生時間」。

62歲的翁潤澤小時因家境困頓，完成初中學歷便踏入社會賺錢養家，擁有一身水電專長的他，始終沒忘記初中時上英文課的興趣，他趁著當兵前空檔，拿著賺來的300元工資去補習英標1個月，接下來2年多當兵日子，每天自行利用4小時讀英文。

而因水電專長，他先後在多家公司工程單位服務。他在成大醫院擔任水電維修師13年時間，每當輪到夜班待命，其他同事不是打牌就是看電視消磨時間，「但我就是一心一意聽英文錄音帶和翻字典」，他認為字典「就是最好的英文老師」。

翁潤澤退休前在高鐵任職轉轍器領班，也因是該群台灣工人中唯一會聽又會講英文的人，每次都順利與外籍工程師溝通合作，讓許多年輕同事相當佩服。翁充滿自信地說：「那時候我終於不用再害怕書到用時方恨少！」。

翁潤澤說起英文沒有台灣腔，他有5大本英文字典，之前都聽讀空中英文教室、空中英語文摘等雜誌和廣播節目，翁估算自己至少用壞30台錄音機，累積錄了5百多卷錄音帶，而現在則跟上網路時代，會上網看外國即時新聞。

翁潤澤笑著說，家人沒像他這麼熱愛英文，所以對話練習對象只有「自己」，曾好幾次半夜被老婆搖醒問：「你夢話稀哩呼嚕的到底在講什麼？」他才回想原來在夢中正和外國人對話交談。同事陳姓維修師傅說，翁潤澤抓時間讀英文的積極度，讓他們這些老是嚷嚷沒時間讀書的年輕人「自慚形穢」，「翁叔英文超強，不當英文老師太可惜！」（李恩慈／台南報導）

[spank]

美國傳統字典(American Heritage Dictionary)的編輯們出了一系列“ xxx應該知道的100個單字”的書：

1.240 Vocabulary Words Kids Need to Know: Grade 6: 24 Ready-to-Reproduce Packets That Make Vocabulary Building Fun & Effective

2.100 Words Every Fourth Grader Should Know

3.100 Words Every High School Freshman Should Know

4.Words You Should Know In High School: 1000 Essential Words To Build Vocabulary, Improve Standardized Test Scores, And Write Successful Papers

5.100 Words Every High School Graduate Should Know

6.100 More Words Every High School Graduate Should Know (100 Words)

-----------


其中一本是“ 國中生應該知道的100個單字”（100 Words Every Middle Schooler Should Know http://www.amazon.com/Words-Every-Middl ... 0547333226），

其中有不少是我們正在背的gre單字，我認為大家應該很仔細地把它看看，如果有不知道意思的單字，立即抄錄下來，馬上背下來，真記不下來，告訴自己：兄弟，這是人家國、高中學生程度的單字，我們沒理由背不起來，讓我們加把勁吧！

以下網站有單字list及測驗題
http://blog.writeathome.com/index.php/2 ... ould-know/

我把測驗題弄上來，大家測驗一下。

[spank]

數字旁是單字，下面是四個選項，擇一作答。不騙你，有些題目不好選，你最好作作！

1.circumference
a meeting for discussion
to travel around
the boundary line of a circle or area
a wall that encircles a castle or city

2.apprehensive
anxious; uneasy
large in scope; extensive
supportive
under arrest

3.aplomb
purple-colored
self-confidence; poise
an explosive device
enthusiastic support

4.aptitude
a way of behaving that reflects a state of mind or disposition
a mocking imitation
height; distance above ground
ability; talent

5.bluff
to act confident in order to trick or decieve
having a dull edge; not sharp
to polish
cold and windy

6.brackish
resentful; indignant
foul; polluted
unimportant; incidental
somewhat salty

7.adversary
celebration of a year of marriage
counselor
opponent; enemy
promotional material

8.debris
building materials
pride
a first public appearance
rubble; wreckage

9.banish
to force to leave; exile
to disappear
a type of pastry
to seek or pursue

10.barricade
a low singing voice
a dangerous fish
a wall or structure set up to block a route of access
a softdrink mixed from a powder

11.brandish
to conceal or hide
a bowl or container for cereal
to wave in a menacing way
somewhat popular

12.commotion
a regular route of travel
a disturbance; hubbub
the sharing of a meal
when two or more things move in unison

13.attentive
carefully observant
thankful; grateful
shy; socially fearful
creative

14.counter
contrary; opposite
spy; secret agent
larger; more numerous
an action in sports that results in a score

15.contortion
a sharp, stinging pain
remorse; repentence
illegal use of one's official position to obtain property
a twisting or bending out of natural shape

16.concoction
the place where two moving objects meet or collide
a drink prepared by combining ingredients
an ingenious or clever idea
a scientific formula

17.defiance
to break up or end a relationship
to borrow money for the purchase of land for construction
confidence
resistance to authority

18.cunning
politeness; courtesy
gathering or collecting
skill in deception; guile
bravery; heroism

19.deft
quick and skillful
unable to hear
the right side of a ship
weight; heaviness

20.conspicuous
obvious
secret; hidden
tricky; wiley; deviously clever
intelligent

[spank]

21.dispel
a follower or apprentice
to break up, drive away, or cause to disappear
a feverish illness resulting in dizziness or fainting
to make harmful statements about (someone)

22.gusto
spiciness in food
a sudden blast of wind
zest; vigorous enjoyment
a nonsense word spoken by a magician

23.fragrance
scent
anger
goose liver
a kitchen appliance

24.grueling
spooning or dishing soup or stew
crying or whining
behaving in an unkind manner
physically or mentally demanding

25.exhilarate
to speak in a language other than your own
to cause to feel energetic
to get rid of
to send (someone) to another country

26.engross
to make disgusting or offensive
to mold or carve in a decorative, raised design
to occupy the exclusive attention of; absorb
to pack into large bundles

27.destination
recklessness arising from despair
the country where one is born
one's ordained future
a place to which one is going

28.dismal
to direct or allow to leave
unusually small or insignificant
causing gloom or depression; dreary
to spread about

29.eavesdrop
a person who visits only at night
a poetic name for icicles
to listen secretly to a private conversation
to fall from a roof

30.falter
on who is to blame for an error
to remove impurities from
a place where religious sacrifices are made
to be unsteady in purpose

31.emerge
to trade stocks virtually via an internet-connected computer
to express emotion
to move out or away from; come into view
to combine into a single entity

32.foresight
the ability to anticipate what might happen in the future
the ability to understand or comprehend
to promise or vow
the ability to overlook an offence

33.furtive
stealthy
hairy
afraid
expensive

34.ember
to prepare a corpse for burial
to firmly fix in a surrounding mass
to board a boat or ship
a small, glowing piece of coal or wood

35.exasperation
an act intended to totally destroy or kill off
the act of removing
the state of being frustrated or annoyed
the act of coming to a close; termination

36.hasten
to listen attentively
to move or act swiftly
to act clumsily
to close a latch or handle

37.diminish
to make smaller or less
to make darker
to mock, insult, or ridicule
to cut in half

38.disdain
to regard with haughty contempt
to cherish
to ruin or spoil
hopeless sadness

39.habitation
the act of forming a habit
psychological tolerance to a drug through repeated use
a residence or natural environment
a goal or objective

40.egregious
causing internal discomfort
unable to read or write
obviously bad or offensive
personable; outgoing

[spank]

41.jargon
a mythological creature
a radioactive, metallic element
specialized language
military code

42.illuminate
to brighten with light
to cover with plastic
to dim or shade
someone unable to read or write

43.impending
forecasting; predicting
turned around or upside down
about to occur
late; overdue

44.luminous
emitting light
tasty; delicious
destructive
rough; bumpy

45.meticulous
deserving ridicule; preposterous
the skin surrounding fingernails
extremely careful and concerned about details
sharply defined

46.jut
to bite or chew
to extend outward or upward
to treat fairly or equitably
to strike or punch

47.knoll
a small rounded hill
a dwarfish or elfin creature
an expert
a sharp pain caused by muscle contraction

48.meander
a poisonous evergreen shrub
to follow a winding course
a suspicious or untrustworthy person
to guess or estimate

49.imperious
courageously adventurous; willing to take risks
lacking reverence; non-religious
incapable of being penetrated
domineering or overbearing

50.malleable
indestructible
corruptible; potentially evil
capable of being exchanged or transferred
capable of being shaped or formed

51.jabber
to talk rapidly or unintelligibly
one who pokes and prods
the edge or frame of a doorway
drool

52.kindle
to set fire to
companion
to befriend
a small wheel or roller

53.multitude
a spacious area
a very great number
a willingness to evaluate or consider
a surly disposition

54.materialize
to come into existence
to cause to vanish or disappear
to prove or make true or valid
to publish

55.monotonous
stubborn; unwilling to change
one of a kind
painfully loud
tediously repetitious; lacking in variety

56.ignite
to lack understanding
to set fire to
early evening
rock made from molten material

57.headway
a primary route
the top or pinnacle of something
progress toward a goal
leadership

58.misgiving
a selfish, unkind act
evil intention
the presenting of an unwanted gift to another
doubt, distrust, or apprehension

59.jostle
to drink alcoholic beverages
to tease good-humoredly
to push and shove; to bump or handle roughly
to steal surreptitiously

60.momentum
concern or awareness of time
the force exhibited by a moving body
a coin of little value
a very short span of time

[spank]

41.jargon
a mythological creature
a radioactive, metallic element
specialized language
military code

42.illuminate
to brighten with light
to cover with plastic
to dim or shade
someone unable to read or write

43.impending
forecasting; predicting
turned around or upside down
about to occur
late; overdue

44.luminous
emitting light
tasty; delicious
destructive
rough; bumpy

45.meticulous
deserving ridicule; preposterous
the skin surrounding fingernails
extremely careful and concerned about details
sharply defined

46.jut
to bite or chew
to extend outward or upward
to treat fairly or equitably
to strike or punch

47.knoll
a small rounded hill
a dwarfish or elfin creature
an expert
a sharp pain caused by muscle contraction

48.meander
a poisonous evergreen shrub
to follow a winding course
a suspicious or untrustworthy person
to guess or estimate

49.imperious
courageously adventurous; willing to take risks
lacking reverence; non-religious
incapable of being penetrated
domineering or overbearing

50.malleable
indestructible
corruptible; potentially evil
capable of being exchanged or transferred
capable of being shaped or formed

51.jabber
to talk rapidly or unintelligibly
one who pokes and prods
the edge or frame of a doorway
drool

52.kindle
to set fire to
companion
to befriend
a small wheel or roller

53.multitude
a spacious area
a very great number
a willingness to evaluate or consider
a surly disposition

54.materialize
to come into existence
to cause to vanish or disappear
to prove or make true or valid
to publish

55.monotonous
stubborn; unwilling to change
one of a kind
painfully loud
tediously repetitious; lacking in variety

56.ignite
to lack understanding
to set fire to
early evening
rock made from molten material

57.headway
a primary route
the top or pinnacle of something
progress toward a goal
leadership

58.misgiving
a selfish, unkind act
evil intention
the presenting of an unwanted gift to another
doubt, distrust, or apprehension

59.jostle
to drink alcoholic beverages
to tease good-humoredly
to push and shove; to bump or handle roughly
to steal surreptitiously

60.momentum
concern or awareness of time
the force exhibited by a moving body
a coin of little value
a very short span of time

[spank]

61.recluse
to demand the restoration or return of something
to remind or cause to remember
a person who wihdraws into seclusion
to disqualify from participation in a decision

62.precipice
to anticipate
rain or snow
an extremely steep cliff or crag
to judge unfairly and without knowledge

63.quell
to put down forcibly; suppress
to wait in line
a search or expeditions
to argue over a trivial matter

64.obscure
off-center; not aligned
barely perceptible; hard to notice
an unusual or unexpected solution
to prevent access to or through

65.scarcity
a state of shock or terror
the abilty to adjust easily to changing circumstances
the insufficient supply of something
abundance; an excessive amount of something

66.outlandish
bizarre; unconventional
a plate or platter designed for outdoor use
pleasantly restful
alien; from another planet or place

67.recuperate
to return to health; recover
to return to a previous pattern of criminal behavior
to restore consciousness
to work or act together toward a common end or purpose

68.repugnant
unnecessarily repetitive
prone to argument or fighting
arousing disgust; offensive
attractive; pleasant to observe

69.replenish
to fill or make complete again
to repay what is owed
to straighten or return to an upright position
to apply a liquid solvent that serves to protect a surface

70.ominous
unavoidable; inevitable
extremely powerful
eating food of any kind, including animals and plants
menacing; threatening

71.scurry
to go with light running steps; scamper
a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C
to eat in a rapid, eager manner
to reject with disdain or contempt

72.pristine
of or related to woods or trees
of or relating to a jail or cell
pure; unstained
not dangerous or harmful

73.sabotage
a weekend holiday
the act or an instance of carrying
the deliberate destruction of property or obstruction of operations
the practice of spying or of using spies

74.narrate
to speak in a wavering, unsteady voice
to talk loudly so as to be heard above a crowd
to damage or permanently scar
to give an account of events

75.muster
to cause to come together; gather
to prepare for battle
stale or moldy in odor
a type of cheese

76.plenteous
balanced
abundant
agreeable
inadequate; scant

77.restitution
the act of giving thanks verbally
a summary or concise review
the act of returning to the rightful owner
a location ideal for recovering from injuries or illness

78.persistent
particular about details; fastidious
tending to cause death or serious harm
bothersome; troubling
stubbornly persevering

79.potential
capable of being, but not yet in existence
possessing inner or physical strength; powerful
foreboding
showing rapid growth

80.pertinent
relevant
improperly forward or bold
lively; peppy
discerning; sensitive