[問題]Argument 105

[maugham]

105.The following appeared in a health newsletter.

"According to a recent study, people with many social ties report catching colds less often than do people with few social ties. Consequently, researchers conclude that having an active social life probably helps strengthen the immune system. The researchers note that catching a cold-one of a family of highly contagious viruses-gives the cold-sufferer temporary immunity to that virus in the future, but not to the many other
related viruses. Merely being exposed to a new cold virus, however, is not enough for a person to catch a cold, since a strong immune system can uccessfully fight off some new viruses. Thus, in order to prevent catching a cold, people should strengthen their immune systems by becoming
more active socially."

根据最近的一次研究，那些具有很多社会关系的人所报告的感冒要比很少有社会关系的人少。于是研究者得出结论，拥有积极的社会生活可能能够帮助加强免疫系统。研究者指出患一种感冒--它只是一系列高度传染性病毒中的一种--将给予患者对于这种病毒暂时的免疫力，但不能对很多其他相关病毒也免疫。然而，仅仅是接触到一种新的感冒病毒并不足以导致一个人患感冒，因为强壮的免疫系统能够成地战胜一些新病毒。因此，为防止患感冒，人们应该通过积极参加社会活动来加强免疫系统。

請問各位：這題我實在搞不懂中間插入一段：catching a cold-one of a family of highly contagious viruses-gives～～～ strong immune system can uccessfully fight off some new viruses. ，這和此文感覺上沒有關係，我想到的攻法偏重在social ties and strengthen immune system 無關，但針對中間插入的這段莫名其妙的文字，看不出關連性，請問各位的看法是？thank you
Gloria

[maloney]

其實你指的那一段應該是在加強如果沒多增加社交和擴大社會生活，就不能接觸到更多的病毒，沒有病毒的磨練就沒辦法增加免疫力。
所以會有這句but not to the many other related viruses。
因為只接觸一種病毒和其他病毒可能沒有關係。
所以後面會有這句Merely being exposed to a new cold virus, however, is not enough for a person to catch a cold, since a strong immune system can successfully fight off some new viruses. 是說就算接觸一種新病毒也不會使人感冒，前題是你的免疫系統夠強大能打敗某些新病毒。這句是加強免疫系統強大的重要性。
其實這題有三個不合理的地方:
1.文章輕易成立社交和免疫系統中間有因果關係。
2.倒因為果:免疫力強才可以到處社交，而不是一直社交而增強免疫力。
3.錯誤假設:感染病毒可以靠免疫系統來殺病毒，這是標準以偏概全。

以下是我當初補習自己寫的一些summary:
Cause：According to a study, people with many social ties catching colds less than do people with few social ties due to having an active social life helps people to strengthen immune system.
Effect：In order to strengthen our immune systems and avoid catching cold, we should extent our social lives and expose to some viruses.
To oppose to the above argument：
1. The health newsletter didn’t provide the study’s details for us so that we can ascertain whether study is valid or not. That is to say, the author didn’t depict that people under experiment whose background, including their ages, physical conditions, medical histories. Due to shortage of information, the study which the author presented is not persuasive.
2. We have many ways to strength our immune systems such as exercise and consuming all kinds of foot. If I have choices, I prefer to do sports rather than expose to fatal viruses so as to develop my immune system.
3. To expose to some cold viruses is not completely safe. In other words, if some patients have caught a cold for a long time, he suffers form another virus’s attack. Two viruses are able to combine together and mutate into another fatal virus. From what mentioned above, we can realize that exposing to viruses to develop your immune system is a ridiculous way to take.

PS:可以把中文翻成大五碼嗎?看簡字有點不習慣。

[maugham]

Thank you. 下一次我會轉成繁體，謝謝你 ！
Gloria