GWD3-Q9

[QQcandy]

Q9:
Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

A. The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.

B. Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.

C. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.

D. In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.

E. The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.

Anyone explain the sentence underlined ??? Also please tell me why the answer is "B", thanks

[魚]

when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.

~~當帳單送上來的時候,(放帳單的)托盤上印著信用卡的標誌

原題的論點是說 : 專家認為 : logo暗示著消費者認為其消費能力大於其實質財力

B 是舉例 ,說有經濟壓力的Patrons當受到暗示(不能用信用卡)時,給的小費會比"認為可以用信用卡時"來的少
===============>>其實就是原題重寫

[nana]

when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.

~~當帳單送上來的時候,(放帳單的)托盤上印著信用卡的標誌

原題的論點是說 : 專家認為 : logo暗示著消費者認為其消費能力大於其實質財力

B 是舉例 ,說有經濟壓力的Patrons當受到暗示(不能用信用卡)時,給的小費會比"認為可以用信用卡時"來的少
===============>>其實就是原題重寫

B.Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
魚姐姐~
我怎麼看b意思都是說
patrons看到信用卡logo時比沒看到信用卡logo時會付較少的小費
也就是可用信用卡時小費反而少了呢
怪怪~ :-S

[Jessy]

when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.

~~當帳單送上來的時候,(放帳單的)托盤上印著信用卡的標誌

原題的論點是說 : 專家認為 : logo暗示著消費者認為其消費能力大於其實質財力

B 是舉例 ,說有經濟壓力的Patrons當受到暗示(不能用信用卡)時,給的小費會比"認為可以用信用卡時"來的少
===============>>其實就是原題重寫

B.Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
魚姐姐~
我怎麼看b意思都是說
patrons看到信用卡logo時比沒看到信用卡logo時會付較少的小費
也就是可用信用卡時小費反而少了呢
怪怪~ :-S

魚老大企玩啦~偶來幫忙作個解釋
B.Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligationstend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
意味這些消費者在有信用卡帳務壓力下,看到信用卡標誌時,就會受到影響而改變他們支付小費的金額
就達到假設:logo具有暗示支付tips的效用

[agk99]

我也來幫著假設一下
這一題算是比較深的邏輯問題，真的是標準的邏輯問題
原文說了那麼多，其實就是一句話，"信用卡的logo讓人想到自己的財務能力"
這也是本題的關鍵
當正常情況下，由於信用卡的purchasing power is stronger than cash, so the card holder will tip more.
however, when the cardholders are under the financial pressure, the logo will remind them "where they are" , they will tip less than the usual.

這題的argument是強調logo給消費者的感受，若以排除法慢慢刪，也是找得出b，但我第一次做，花了快五分鐘，相當費時

[nana]

原來重點的假設是看到"logo"的反應阿
多謝Jessy和agk大哥的提醒

[faithful]

提出來供大家參考，若有錯誤，煩請火速告知，謝謝。

A. The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.
無關。(即使限制實驗對象都要有信用卡又如何？)

B. Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
選項說明信用卡標誌對顧客心理所產生的影響之一，符合實驗論點。

C. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.
主要是針對信用卡持卡人作實驗，此選項有點削弱實驗效度的意味。

D. In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.
感覺不受心理因素(信用卡標誌)影響，此選項有削弱實驗效度的意味。

E. The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.
無加強亦無削弱。(看到餐廳能用VISA消費，有VISA的顧客當然也就如此行。)

[Heart]

先重貼一下題目

Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

提出來供大家參考，若有錯誤，煩請火速告知，謝謝。

A. The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.
無關。(即使限制實驗對象都要有信用卡又如何？)

B. Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
選項說明信用卡標誌對顧客心理所產生的影響之一，符合實驗論點。

C. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.
主要是針對信用卡持卡人作實驗，此選項有點削弱實驗效度的意味。

D. In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.
感覺不受心理因素(信用卡標誌)影響，此選項有削弱實驗效度的意味。

E. The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.
無加強亦無削弱。(看到餐廳能用VISA消費，有VISA的顧客當然也就如此行。)

我對A選項有些疑惑，想請大家幫我看看是哪裡思路出問題了

先翻譯一下避免是我對題意有錯誤的認知

題目提到用現金支付帳款的客人會留下較多的小費，是假設信用卡持有者在看到托盤上的信用卡標誌後，想到她們的實質支付能力比實際他們現在所持有的現金高，所以願意多消費。

A選項提到研究的結果不僅只於持有信用卡者適用

我的想法是，這不就暗喻非信用卡持有者也適用這個實驗結果，剛好支持題目一開始提到的現金付款者也會提高小費嗎?

B選項雖然提到有信用卡負債的人看到標誌後會減少小費，但這並不能解釋現金付款者的給小費模式啊?

我在猜是不是我弄錯題意，題目問的是支持心理學的對研究的解釋，所以跟前面第一句用現金支付價款的現象完全無關?也就是說我是不是跳入ETS的陷阱中啦?

看了CD很多討論，好像沒什麼討論在A選項上，但我實在無法直接刪除A選項，大家提供些意見吧...

[Heart]

(重貼刪除)

[agustin]

糟糕 我看不懂上面討論串在說什麼


我是很迅速的挑出B啦 不過是消去

想半天想不懂 上來爬文 還是看不懂

唉..........

[agustin]

提出來供大家參考，若有錯誤，煩請火速告知，謝謝。

C. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.
主要是針對信用卡持卡人作實驗，此選項有點削弱實驗效度的意味。

C這邊是不是有寫錯??

應該是實驗對象為非持卡人 所以有削弱作用??

[tab][tab]

[CUGGYER]

C 錯的原因: 討論對象從持卡人變成非持卡人 算是無關選項
削弱倒是還好

你可以把這題不懂的原因說出來
不然大家也不知道怎麼幫你唷

[davidslin]

先重貼一下題目

Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

我對A選項有些疑惑，想請大家幫我看看是哪裡思路出問題了

先翻譯一下避免是我對題意有錯誤的認知

題目提到用現金支付帳款的客人會留下較多的小費，是假設信用卡持有者在看到托盤上的信用卡標誌後，想到她們的實質支付能力比實際他們現在所持有的現金高，所以願意多消費。

A選項提到研究的結果不僅只於持有信用卡者適用

我的想法是，這不就暗喻非信用卡持有者也適用這個實驗結果，剛好支持題目一開始提到的現金付款者也會提高小費嗎?

B選項雖然提到有信用卡負債的人看到標誌後會減少小費，但這並不能解釋現金付款者的給小費模式啊?

我在猜是不是我弄錯題意，題目問的是支持心理學的對研究的解釋，所以跟前面第一句用現金支付價款的現象完全無關?也就是說我是不是跳入ETS的陷阱中啦?

看了CD很多討論，好像沒什麼討論在A選項上，但我實在無法直接刪除A選項，大家提供些意見吧...

題目要我們選出能支持心理學家對於該研究的解釋[simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available]
心理學家認為顧客會多付小費是因為他們看到信用卡的標誌,想到[他們實質支付能力比實際他們現在所持有的現金高]....[因為他們有信用卡]
在A的情況下,連沒有信用卡的人看到信用卡標誌都會多付小費,顯然沒有信用卡的人是不會聯想到[他們實質支付能力比實際他們現在所持有的現金高],也就是說他們會多付小費是有其他原因的,因此無法支持心理學家的解釋[simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available]

[applepeko]

我一開始看到In cash的時候..就以為是用現金付小費,跟刷卡付之間的比較...所以就選了D...這是不是錯的太離譜了??我沒想到只是單純的在說logo對付小費的心理 之間的影響...好幾次都是錯在這樣的地方...一開始就理解錯題意了...該怎麼辦呢...悶呢 /_\

[aerobert]

我也是這樣想耶～結果就選到D
題目看的不夠仔細阿