[問題]OG(11th)100

[frenemy912]

100. Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world.
(A) lower than in
(B)lower than that of
(C)and lower than that of
(D)which is lower than in
(E)which is lower than it is in
Ans: B

OG對E選項的解釋"Use of the relative clause and the pronoun it allow the correct comparison to be made, but the construction is needlessly wordy"
可是it為什麼會對呢??應該用that才對吧, 不是指同一個annual income..
誰可以幫我解答一下,謝謝啦

[acharlie]

[quote="frenemy912"]100. Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world.
(A) lower than in
(B)lower than that of
(C)and lower than that of
(D)which is lower than in
(E)which is lower than it is in
Ans: B

OG對E選項的解釋"Use of the relative clause and the pronoun it allow the correct comparison to be made, but the construction is needlessly wordy"
可是it為什麼會對呢??應該用that才對吧, 不是指同一個annual income..
誰可以幫我解答一下,謝謝啦

我覺得或許是因為主詞已經改變的原因
E這個答案在 which是指前面的captial income
那變成整個句子比較的是
capital income of 111 is lower than captial income is in the ...
所以才會說 it可以 只是會改變句意,因為比較東西變得不同了

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繼續討論

[la-vie]

100. Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world.
(A) lower than in
(B)lower than that of
(C)and lower than that of
(D)which is lower than in
(E)which is lower than it is in
Ans: B

OG對E選項的解釋"Use of the relative clause and the pronoun it allow the correct comparison to be made, but the construction is needlessly wordy"
可是it為什麼會對呢??應該用that才對吧, 不是指同一個annual income..
誰可以幫我解答一下,謝謝啦

我覺得或許是因為主詞已經改變的原因
E這個答案在 which是指前面的captial income
那變成整個句子比較的是
capital income of 111 is lower than captial income is in the ...
所以才會說 it可以 只是會改變句意,因為比較東西變得不同了

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繼續討論

OG的解釋應該是說這個答案的比較是正確無誤的，但是wordy

(E)which is lower than it "is" in

為什麼要加is啊?

原句應該是： an annual per capita income of $111,(略which is)lower than an annual per capita income in the most impoverished countries of the world.

[dibert8]

(E) which 依據 DiadnosticTestVerbal-Q49 的說法 = $111; it 從句意看起來是指 annual per capita income. (i.e. N1 of N2 的主要名詞)
如果把主詞寫出來, is 應該可以省略: lower than annual per capita income (is) in the most impoverished countries of the world
如果用代名詞,大概就不能省掉 is 了.因為 it 會指代不清(= $111? annual per capita income?)

[tristan]

Mobebe上課有說E答案的it是指代原題主詞Bihar(代名詞優先指代原題主詞)
所以E選項會變成收入(an annual per capita income)和Bihar比

個人傾向莫老的講法..

繼續討論

[dibert8]

老莫也說:代名詞優先代替主詞.
it 的主詞是 which = income
OG 應該不會寫錯咧!

[dibert8]

Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world.
(A) lower than in
(B) lower than that of
(C) and lower than that of
(D) which is lower than in
(E) which is lower than it is in

(A) 比較不同類
(B) that = 相對於 $111 的金額
(C) and 的主詞是 Bihar ,句意不合理
(D) (E) 'which is' 不簡潔

[kigosam]

Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world.
(A) lower than in
(B) lower than that of
(C) and lower than that of
(D) which is lower than in
(E) which is lower than it is in

(A) 比較不同類
(B) that = 相對於 $111 的金額
(C) and 的主詞是 Bihar ,句意不合理
(D) (E) 'which is' 不簡潔

慘了慘了，越看越不懂，有幾個問題要麻煩大家幫我解答一下

（1）D,E 中的 ,which 是指 (a) an annual per capita income of $111, (b) an annual per capita income,還是(c) $111呢？

（2）which is 為甚麼可以省略呢？我以前只有看過在限定用法中which is 有省略，難道在非限定用法中也可以省略嗎？
（3）that 跟 it 的區別在哪邊阿？是指「完完全全」同一個東西的時候it ，指相同概念但是不同的東西的時候用that嗎？（好比說「你的薪水」跟「我的薪水」）

[dibert8]

(1) which = $111
(2) 當修飾沒有歧異的時候可以省略
(3) 'it' vs 'that' 觀念應該是這樣沒錯

[AKZOPT]

(1) which = $111
(2) 當修飾沒有歧異的時候可以省略
(3) 'it' vs 'that' 觀念應該是這樣沒錯

還是不太懂為什麼要加一個 "is ", lower than it in the most......可否在解釋一下 !!!THX

[dibert8]

than 是連接詞,完整的句型含主詞和動詞.
(E) which is lower than it is in 這個選項 it 已經不是很清楚指誰,有 is 可以理解為指代 annual per capita income, 去掉 is 可能指代的對象就模糊了 ($111? income?).
因為 it 和受詞比較,這個受詞(名詞)的動詞(通常是 be) 在主要子句裡沒有,所以不能省略.

[chencraig0227]

than 是連接詞,完整的句型含主詞和動詞.
(E) which is lower than it is in 這個選項 it 已經不是很清楚指誰,有 is 可以理解為指代 annual per capita income, 去掉 is 可能指代的對象就模糊了 ($111? income?).
因為 it 和受詞比較,這個受詞(名詞)的動詞(通常是 be) 在主要子句裡沒有,所以不能省略.

為何正解(B)的which就是指代$111而(E)的which就是指代an annual captial?? 而OG沒有說it錯! 所以是否可大膽假設這裡的代名詞用that或it都對。 A of B, which優先修飾A，而A帶有B的屬性，因此如果用it則表示同一個A，而用that即代表帶有屬性B的A，因此是不同的A。 ....歡迎討論。

[dibert8]

這題似乎從 OG 的解釋來理解的.
以所謂的解題原則,只有 (B) 用 that 對. it 不能代數字,這題比較用 it 蠻遷強,但是 OG 不認為 (E) 指代有錯,因此 it 理解為指代 income, 這樣才說得通.
自己的感覺是 OG11 沒有 OG10 嚴謹,解釋也不甚一致,因此有些題目理解起來怪怪的. GMAT 自成一格的 writing standard 我覺得 750 以上的分數不是用功讀書就拿得到,跟考試當時對題目的理解,和遇到的題目是不是很為難有相當的關係.在美國人理所當然,在我們有時幾乎無法理解.
感覺對了,分數就高了.以八二原則來看,八分靠實力,二分靠感覺, 考出 V = 36 (80%) 對外國人已經是 verbal 的滿分,再往上的分數,只盼生為美國人!
所以僅憑實力,完全不失分的情況,對外國人而言 V = 36, Q = 51 已經是滿分,成績大約是 720.

[chencraig0227]

這題似乎從 OG 的解釋來理解的.
以所謂的解題原則,只有 (B) 用 that 對. it 不能代數字,這題比較用 it 蠻遷強,但是 OG 不認為 (E) 指代有錯,因此 it 理解為指代 income, 這樣才說得通.
自己的感覺是 OG11 沒有 OG10 嚴謹,解釋也不甚一致,因此有些題目理解起來怪怪的. GMAT 自成一格的 writing standard 我覺得 750 以上的分數不是用功讀書就拿得到,跟考試當時對題目的理解,和遇到的題目是不是很為難有相當的關係.在美國人理所當然,在我們有時幾乎無法理解.
感覺對了,分數就高了.以八二原則來看,八分靠實力,二分靠感覺, 考出 V = 36 (80%) 對外國人已經是 verbal 的滿分,再往上的分數,只盼生為美國人!
所以僅憑實力,完全不失分的情況,對外國人而言 V = 36, Q = 51 已經是滿分,成績大約是 720.

D老大，你說的很對。 我再次仔細讀OG11發現
"指代"在OG11裡面已經變的非常靈活。
也就是說，只要邏輯上說得通，就可以成立。
以這題來看，it及that都可以，因為他們都有可以指代的對象。

再來，本題來說，劃線部份修飾capital income of $111到底是"就近修飾"
還是"邏輯上修飾"?? 我認為是邏輯上修飾。舉下例...

OG11-4. A survey by the National Council of Churches showed that in 1986 there were 20,736 female ministers, almost 9 percent of the nation's clergy, twice as much as 1977.

(A) twice as much as 1977
(B) twice as many as 1977
(C) double what it was in 1977
(D) double the figure for 1977
(E) a number double that of 1977's

ANS: (D)

如果是就近修飾，理應修飾9 percent of clergy. 可是解釋確說是修飾20,736 ministers.

因此我得出一個結論。

從OG11-4來看-
...20,736 ministers, almost 9 percent of...(修飾語A), (修飾語B)
從OG11-100來看-
Bihar is the poorest state, with an annual income of $111(修飾語A), (修飾語B)

修飾語彈性修飾：修飾語A是修飾反藍的部份，那修飾語B則可以修飾修飾語A(如OG11-100)
或者是修飾反藍部份(如OG11-4)。此彈性原則也可應用的指代...

指代彈性修飾：OG11-100中的it或that都可以，就代表你指代只要邏輯上通就可以看要代誰
OG11-4中錯誤選項(C)中的what it was in 1997 解釋上說unclear. 我認為就是說it彈性指代，所以反而會不知道代誰，到不如用正解(D)的figure直接指名指代.

(.....歡迎反駁我)