考古題Form 17-Q14

[hsinchen]

The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

答案(A)

我認為這題是在考known的用法
(B)錯的原因是, be known as + 身分, 後面接having表動作
(D)(E)錯的原因是, be known that ..., 好像無此用法

請問這樣的解法有沒有問題,有需要糾正的地方嗎?
為何答案是A,而不是C?

[DARY]

The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

答案(A)

我認為這題是在考known的用法
(B)錯的原因是, be known as + 身分, 後面接having表動作
(D)(E)錯的原因是, be known that ..., 好像無此用法

請問這樣的解法有沒有問題,有需要糾正的地方嗎?
為何答案是A,而不是C?

應該是時態的關係吧
once considered dull-witted brutes 用過去式
Neanderthals存在的年代應該還要再更早以前 所以要用過去完成式 had had brains...
再加上前面的are now known to 就變成了are now known to have had brains...

[維尼]

The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

答案(A)

我認為這題是在考known的用法
(B)錯的原因是, be known as + 身分, 後面接having表動作
(D)(E)錯的原因是, be known that ..., 好像無此用法

請問這樣的解法有沒有問題,有需要糾正的地方嗎?
為何答案是A,而不是C?

應該是時態的關係吧
once considered dull-witted brutes 用過去式
Neanderthals存在的年代應該還要再更早以前 所以要用過去完成式 had had brains...
再加上前面的are now known to 就變成了are now known to have had brains...

這邊的 once considered dull-witted brutes 並非過去式 應該是過去分詞
是由形容詞子句 who were once condisered dull-witted brutes 省略而成

不過這題應該是考時態的觀念沒錯
我個人是這樣想的:
現在眾人知道 而 have brains 這個事實發生在過去也應該會持續是事實
所以用現在完成式
不知道這樣想對不對

[hsinchen]

謝謝大家的幫忙,想再請問一個問題

既然have brains是事實,以後也不會改變的事實,為何不用現在式??

例如: Yesterday I told you that the Sun rises in east.
用現在式rise來陳述太陽從東邊升起的事實

[DARY]

The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

答案(A)

我認為這題是在考known的用法
(B)錯的原因是, be known as + 身分, 後面接having表動作
(D)(E)錯的原因是, be known that ..., 好像無此用法

請問這樣的解法有沒有問題,有需要糾正的地方嗎?
為何答案是A,而不是C?

應該是時態的關係吧
once considered dull-witted brutes 用過去式
Neanderthals存在的年代應該還要再更早以前 所以要用過去完成式 had had brains...
再加上前面的are now known to 就變成了are now known to have had brains...

這邊的 once considered dull-witted brutes 並非過去式 應該是過去分詞
是由形容詞子句 who were once condisered dull-witted brutes 省略而成

不過這題應該是考時態的觀念沒錯
我個人是這樣想的:
現在眾人知道 而 have brains 這個事實發生在過去也應該會持續是事實
所以用現在完成式
不知道這樣想對不對

嗯....我所謂的過去式不是指"considered"，是指"onece"啦!!
"一度"被認為成dull-witted brutes 用過去式(who were once considerd...)

而Neanderthals應該是像山頂洞人一樣的老前輩
他們擁有brain是事實，但是以前擁有的，在"一度被認為"時已經不存在了
所以時態要在"一度"之後，用had had brain
由於出現在be know to+V原 之後....成為be know to have had brain

請繼續討論

[Behemoth]

現在完成式表示動作時間比現在式要早

有此一觀念

那麼用have had brains 現在完成式的原因表示尼安德塔人有腦的時間比我們現在知道他們有腦的時間要早

fyi

[yhlin]

我認為，有時間順序的部分應該是"認知"的這個動作，也就是were considered與are now known。而Neanderthals have brains是過去事實的描述，應該沒有所以時間先後的問題。所以我個人認為C應該比A好...

再找莫老師研究一下...

[SHERRYDELTA]

我想這題要考的觀念應該是推測動詞+ to have pp
seem
appear
be said + to have Vpp
be thought
be supposed
be believed
be known
be alleged

完成式不定詞代表的動作要比推測動詞早
這個觀念出現在莫伯伯的專題講義裡