GWD 25-13~15

[A級垂耳兔]

Grassland songbirds often nest in
the same grassland-wetland complexes
as waterfowl, particularly in a certain
Line part of those complexes, namely,
(5) upland habitats surrounding wetlands.
Although some wildlife management
procedures directed at waterfowl, such
as habitat enhancement or restoration,
may also benefit songbirds , the impact
(10) of others, especially the control of
waterfowl predators, remains difficult to
predict. For example, most predators
of waterfowl nests prey opportunistic-
ally on songbird nests, and removing
(15) these predators could directly increase
songbird nesting success. Alterna-
tively, small mammals such as mice
and ground squirrels are important
in the diet of many waterfowl-nest
(20) predators and can themselves be
important predators of songbird
nets. Thus. Removing waterfowl-nest
predators could affect songbird nesting
success through subsequent increases
(25) in small-mammal populations.

這句話不知道在搞什麼鬼....移除水鳥侵襲者要透過增加地鼠?
地鼠不是也會侵襲唱歌鳥的巢嗎?完全邏輯接不上...
還有上面的Alternatively代表什麼意思?在前後兩句的功能是什麼?

In 1995 and 1996, researchers
trapped and removed certain waterfowl-
nest predators. primary raccoons and
striped skunks, then observed subse-
(30) quent survival rates for songbird nests.
Surprisingly. They observed no sig-
nificant effect on songbird nesting
success. This may be due to several
factors. Neither raccoons nor striped
(35) skunks consume ground squirrels,
which are important predators of song-
bird nests. Thus, their removal may
not have led to significant increases
in populations of smaller predators.

這邊更奇怪了~~移除浣熊和地鼠增不增加有什麼關係?
而且這和水鳥不能成功築巢也扯不上關係?

(40) Additionally, both raccoons and striped
skunks prefer wetlands and spend little
time in upland habitats; removing these
species may not have increased the
nesting success of songbirds in the
uplands enough to allow detection.

真的看不出來作者到底想說什麼...有人能解釋一下嗎?

[A級垂耳兔]

解決了....這篇文章真賤....
原來影響唱歌鳥築巢有兩個因素....但是賤是賤在第一個因素會影響第二個因素...
就是這樣把整個思考都打亂了.....以為實驗是在測試如何使築巢率成功...
結果不是...是在測試因素二有沒有影響...馬的...想了好久...真的想都想不到作者會者樣寫~~~

[auguding]

啊啊這是本月機經耶~
有人知道為何13題是A嗎??
感激感激~

[A級垂耳兔]

啊啊這是本月機經耶~
有人知道為何13題是A嗎??
感激感激~

先看19行..地鼠原本被認為大部分唱歌鳥鳥巢侵襲者的食物...
結果接下來作實驗...研究者抓了兩種侵襲者...浣熊和死臭鼬...
結果發現唱歌鳥築巢率沒有變動(就是沒有下降...這就是這篇文章賤的地方...你會以為是上升..結果其實實驗目的是看比率會不會下降...這邊認知不同整篇文章就不知道在說什麼了)

在來作者在第33行提出因素..他認為浣熊和死臭鼬不太吃地鼠...我為何看到Neither...nor..還敢這樣說(看起來好像完全都不吃)...因為下一句說其實移除浣熊和死臭鼬還是會影響地鼠的數量...只是稍微增加(代表浣熊和死臭鼬還是有吃...只是不太吃..所以移走之後才會"稍微"增加...這也是這篇文章賤的地方...第一次看沒想到就掛了)...

我想寫到這邊就可以回答你的問題了~~~

[auguding]

A.While not important in the diet of
raccoons or striped skunks, ground
squirrels are a significant source
of food for other waterfowl-nest
predators.

那...哪邊可以看出squirrels are a significant source
of food for other waterfowl-nest
predators啊???

感激感激!!

[A級垂耳兔]

A.While not important in the diet of
raccoons or striped skunks, ground
squirrels are a significant source
of food for other waterfowl-nest
predators.

那...哪邊可以看出squirrels are a significant source
of food for other waterfowl-nest
predators啊???

感激感激!!

Alterna-
tively, small mammals such as mice
and ground squirrels are important
in the diet of many waterfowl-nest
(20) predators

原本就說了...地鼠是唱歌鳥侵襲者重要的食物.....
結果研究人員抓了兩種侵襲者...就是浣熊和死臭鼬...結果發現竟然地鼠數量沒變多...後來作者才解釋是因為浣熊和死臭鼬不太吃地鼠...但是...地鼠仍然是浣熊和死臭鼬以外的 predators重要食物來源~~~

[cathy0719]

請問Q13的B選項為什麼錯呢？

B.Whereas ground squirrels are typically important as predators of songbird nests, their opportunistic predation on waterfowl nests also has an observable effect on water-fowl nesting success.

我的理解是，地鼠會攻擊鳥巢 => 影響築巢成功

[dibert8]

Q 13:
NOTE: You must scroll to read the answer
choices for this question.

According to the passage, which of the
following is true about the role played
by ground squirrels in the ecology of
grassland-wetland complexes?

A. While not important in the diet of
raccoons or striped skunks, ground
squirrels are a significant source
of food for other waterfowl-nest
predators.
B. Whereas ground squirrels are
typically important as predators of
songbird nests, their opportunistic
predation on waterfowl nests also
has an observable effect on water-
fowl nesting success.
C. Although most waterfowl-nest
predators prey on small mammals
such as mice and ground squirrels,
populations of ground squirrels tend
to increase quickly enough to com-
pensate for this level of predation.
D. Although ground squirrels have been
known to prey on songbird nests, a
larger portion of their diets is usually
provided by predation on waterfowl
nests.
E. Since larger predators tend to prefer
small mammals to songbird eggs as
a food source, a large population of
ground squirrels plays an important
role in controlling opportunistic
predation on songbird nests.


'According to' 細節題
(A) line 17~20
small mammals such as mice
and ground squirrels are important
in the diet of many waterfowl-nest
(20) predators
(B) 考"張冠李戴": opportunistic predation 應該戴在 'predators of waterfowl nests' 上面
(C) line 12~25: removing waterfowl-nest predators 才會使 small-mammal 增加
(D) 在文章裡, ground squirrels 不吃 waterfowl nests
(E) 在文章裡沒有 songbird eggs

[cathy0719]

small mammals such as mice
and ground squirrels are important
in the diet of many waterfowl-nest
(20) predators and can themselves be
important predators of songbird
nets.
所以說地鼠 'typically important as predators of songbird nests' 這句沒錯。

再來說地鼠 opportunistic predation on "waterfowl nests"為什麼錯呢？
songbird不就是waterfowl的舉例之一嗎？

答案A waterfowl nests predator 會吃地鼠，而不是地鼠去吃waterfowl nests predator
(waterfowl nests predator = predators of waterfowl nests )
那又為什麼說opportunistic predation 應該戴在 'predators of waterfowl nests' 上面 呢？

不好意思真的搞不太明白^^"

[dibert8]

line 12 most predators
of waterfowl nests prey opportunistic-
ally on songbird nests, and removing
(15) these predators could directly increase
songbird nesting success.

line 16 Alterna-
tively, small mammals such as mice
and ground squirrels are important
in the diet of many waterfowl-nest
(20) predators and can themselves be
important predators of songbird
nets.

我覺得 important =/= opportunistic (i.e. 主食 vs 零食)

[willow]

Q 15:
The primary purpose of the passage is to

A.describe some procedures used for
wildlife management and consider
some problems associated with the
execution of those procedures
B.outline a problem related to a wildlife
management procedure and offer
potential explanations for the results of
an experiment bearing on that problem
C.present experimental results that
illustrate the need for certain wildlife
management procedures and point out
some inconsistencies in those results
D.argue that a certain procedure used
for wildlife management should be
modified because of its unintended
consequences
E.propose that further experiments be
performed to assess the long-term
effects of certain wildlife management
procedures

請問一下15題main idea的選項C 為什麼不可以選呢？ 感謝！

[dibert8]

QQ15 (C) 不選的原因:
1. too specific: experimental results ... 在 line 31 以後,沒有涵蓋前面的內容.
2. experimental results 沒有 inconsistencies: line 6 ~ 11 實驗結果原本就難以預測.
Although some wildlife management
procedures directed at waterfowl, ... , the impact
(10) of others, ..., remains difficult to
predict.

[allen1230]

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. describe some procedures used for wildlife management and consider
some problems associated with the execution of those procedures
B. outline a problem related to a wildlife management procedure and offer
potential explanations for the results of an experiment bearing on that problem
C. present experimental results that illustrate the need for certain wildlife
management procedures and point out some inconsistencies in those results
D. argue that a certain procedure used for wildlife management should be
modified because of its unintended consequences
E. propose that further experiments be performed to assess the long-term
effects of certain wildlife management procedures


ans:B.outline a problem related to a wildlife management procedure and offer
potential explanations for the results of an experiment bearing on that problem

Q1.
請問一下紅色字體
什麼情況可以選"outline"呢?
和explain or describe 類似字眼差在哪裡....

Q2.
而且"on that problem"
描述一個問題<--如果是指"Song鳥生態也沒受R和S影響.."
那也是在第二段才出現(可以當作main purpose嗎??)
Potential的字眼又是從哪裡判斷出來的呢??

答案B實在想不懂思路為何耶???

請大大指教了~~>"<

[dibert8]

problem 就是 although 這一句(主旨句); outline 就是概述,沒有逐字逐句仔細追究
Although some wildlife management
procedures directed at waterfowl, ...,
, the impact
(10) of others, ...
, remains difficult to
predict.

line 33
This may be due to several
factors.
potential = may be