[問題]天山4-5~7

[vegoblack]

Q5 to Q7:
Although many lines of evidence indicate
that birds evolved from ground-dwelling
theropod dinosaurs, some scientists remain
Line unconvinced. They argue that theropods
(5) appeared too late to have given rise to birds,
15
noting that Archaeopteryx lithographica—the
oldest known bird—appears in the fossil
record about 150 million years ago, whereas
the fossil remains of various nonavian
(10) maniraptor theropods—the closest known
relatives of birds—date only to about 115
million years ago. But investigators have
now uncovered bones that evidently belong
to nonavian maniraptors dating to the time of
(15) Archaeopteryx. In any case, failure to find
fossils of a predicted kind does not rule out
their existence in an undiscovered deposit.
Skeptics also argue that the fused clavicles
(the “wishbone”) of birds differ from the
(20) unfused clavicles of theropods. This
objection was reasonable when only early
theropod clavicles had been discovered,
but fossilized theropod clavicles that look
just like the wishbone of Archaeopteryx
(25) have now been unearthed. Finally, some
scientists argue that the complex lungs of
birds could not have evolved from theropod
lungs, an assertion that cannot be supported
or falsified at the moment, because no fossil
(30) lungs are preserved in the paleontological
record.
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Q5:
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. compare the development of two hypotheses concerning the evolutionary origin
of birds
B. suggest revisions to the standard theory of the evolutionary history of birds
C. evaluate the usefulness of fossil evidence in determining the evolutionary history
of birds
D. challenge the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs
E. respond to criticisms of the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling
theropod dinosaurs
Answer:E
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q6:
In the context of the passage, the phrase “fossils of a predicted kind” (line 16) most likely
refers to which of the following?
A. Theropod fossils with fused clavicles
B. Theropod fossils that are similar in structure to Archaeopteryx fossils
C. Theropod fossils dating back more than 150 million years
D. Fossils indicating the structure of theropod lungs
E. Fossils indicating the structure of Archaeopteryx lungs
Answer:C
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Q7:
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as an argument made by scientists
who are unconvinced that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs?
A. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils dating from a period after the time
of Archaeopteryx.
B. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils that indicate the structure of those
dinosaurs’ lungs.
C. Theropod dinosaurs appear in the fossil record about 150 million years ago.
D. Theropod dinosaurs did not have fused clavicles.
E. Theropod dinosaurs had certain bones that look just like those of Archaeopteryx.
Answer:D

想問第7題，為啥答案是D呢？
我的答案是B

[CUGGYER]

when only early
theropod clavicles had been discovered,
but fossilized theropod clavicles that look Q7
just like the wishbone of Archaeopteryx
(25) have now been unearthed.

這裡是關鍵

Q7:
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as an argument made by scientists
who are unconvinced that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs?
A. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils dating from a period after the time
of Archaeopteryx.
B. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils that indicate the structure of those
dinosaurs’ lungs. not critics mention
C. Theropod dinosaurs appear in the fossil record about 150 million years ago. proponent mention
D. Theropod dinosaurs did not have fused clavicles. line 23

E. Theropod dinosaurs had certain bones that look just like those of Archaeopteryx. not critics mention

[vegoblack]

原來如此~

感恩~^^

[BECKY]

接著第七題...

"when only early
theropod clavicles had been discovered,"
請問這裡的had been discovered...是假設語氣嗎...
因為是假設語氣才可以推出theropod沒有clavicle嗎...

謝謝指導...

[yaokk]

應該是條件句
當挖到T的骨頭，才能判斷這個objection合不合理

[coulomb]

請問一下第六題的判斷依據在哪裡呢？謝謝

[littlebi]

請問一下這題的正確答案是B還是D呢?
因為爬文看到另外一篇文章寫的是D

[stilalala]

請問一下這題的正確答案是B還是D呢?
因為爬文看到另外一篇文章寫的是D

是問第七題嗎
第七題是d

[DARY]

Q7:
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as an argument made by scientists
who are unconvinced that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs?
A. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils dating from a period after the time
of Archaeopteryx.
B. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils that indicate the structure of those
dinosaurs’ lungs. not critics mention
C. Theropod dinosaurs appear in the fossil record about 150 million years ago. proponent mention
D. Theropod dinosaurs did not have fused clavicles. line 23

E. Theropod dinosaurs had certain bones that look just like those of Archaeopteryx. not critics mention

補充一下 D選項中line20有提到Theropod有的是"unfused clavicles"

[kaori110]

Q5:
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. compare the development of two hypotheses concerning the evolutionary origin
of birds
B. suggest revisions to the standard theory of the evolutionary history of birds
C. evaluate the usefulness of fossil evidence in determining the evolutionary history
of birds
D. challenge the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs
E. respond to criticisms of the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling
theropod dinosaurs
Answer:E

想請問D為什麼不行

[fsab00037748]

請問一下第六題的判斷依據在哪裡呢？謝謝

line 16 : In any case, failure to find
fossils of a predicted kind does not rule out
their existence in an undiscovered deposit.

是作者對於之前 some scientists提出的
"無法從已發現的dinosour和birds的化石的時間先後來證明" 的response

所以這邊的意思就是 並不能因為還沒發現那種化石就排除他們的存在

哪種化石呢? 就是C. Theropod fossils dating back more than 150 million years

[fsab00037748]

Q5:
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. compare the development of two hypotheses concerning the evolutionary origin
of birds
B. suggest revisions to the standard theory of the evolutionary history of birds
C. evaluate the usefulness of fossil evidence in determining the evolutionary history
of birds
D. challenge the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs
E. respond to criticisms of the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling
theropod dinosaurs
Answer:E

想請問D為什麼不行

你應該是誤判作者態度了,

作者是比較支持birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod

dinosaurs的, 從第一段就可以看出來; D是完全相反的選項喔