[問題]天山3-Q32

[世界和平]

Q32:
A theory is either true or false. Galileo’s observations of Jupiter’s satellites showed that the Ptolemaic theory of the motion of celestial bodies is false. Therefore, since the Copernican theory of planetary motion is inconsistent with the Ptolemaic account, Galileo’s observations of Jupiter’s satellites proved the truth of the Copernican theory.

The argument above is open to the objection that it makes the questionable assumption that

A. whoever first observed something inconsistent with the truth of the Ptolemaic theory should be credited with having proved that theory false
B. there are some possible observations that would be inconsistent with the account given by the Copernican theory but consistent with the account given by the Ptolemaic theory
C. the Ptolemaic and Copernican theories, being inconsistent, cannot both be based on exactly the same evidence
D. numerous counterexamples were necessary in order to show the Ptolemaic theory to be false
E. the Ptolemaic and Copernican theories, being inconsistent, cannot both be false

Answer is 'E'.

Dear all,

- What's the meaning of the question?
- Why the answer is 'E' ?

Thanks!

[freshmanduke]

簡單說 Galileo理論被證明是錯的
因此=> Copernicang的理論是對的
原因: 他們兩人的理論 是不一致(inconsistent)

故answer e is correct.
兩者理論不一致 因此其中一個對 則另一個就錯(水火不容)

[JS]

Paraphrase of the argument – A theory is either true or false. Since the Ptolemaic theory is wrong and the Copernican theory is different from Ptolemaic therefore Copernican must be correct.
So the assumption in the argument is ----E,
the Ptolemaic and Copernican theories, being inconsistent, cannot both be false

[Pudding]

題目先假設一個事實, 即theory非真即假.
然後提出現象: Galileo的observation證明P theory是假的
接下來又提出C theory跟 P theory不一致,
由此推出結論: C theory是真的

E是在說: 該論斷忽略了C跟P同時為假的可能性

(題目論證其實偷換了概念, 認為theory若不一致則一定是一真一假, 由此產生謬論....)

open to discuss...

[世界和平]

-題目是否是要選一個錯誤的假設呢？

-G證明P錯
P跟C不一致，所以C對
小弟選了'C'，因為P跟C不一致，所以其理論無法建立在相同的證據之上。

-各位的意見呢？謝謝！

[nicoleliu]

-題目是否是要選一個錯誤的假設呢？

-G證明P錯
P跟C不一致，所以C對
小弟選了'C'，因為P跟C不一致，所以其理論無法建立在相同的證據之上。
-各位的意見呢？謝謝！

即使p&c 理論不一致, 還是可以建立在相同的證據上阿~
譬如說:
A星球的存在-->證明了P理論正確, 同時他的存在也證明了C理論錯誤
所以還是可以based on exactly the same evidence

[世界和平]

瞭解！多謝nicoleliu！


另一個不清楚的是題目的問題該如何解釋？謝謝！ ;-S

The argument above is open to the objection that it makes the questionable assumption that

[nicoleliu]

瞭解！多謝nicoleliu！


另一個不清楚的是題目的問題該如何解釋？謝謝！

The argument above is open to the objection that it makes the questionable assumption that

ㄟ~~~我說說我的解釋.....
此argument是可被反對的,因為它造成一個有問題的假設前提.....
問你這有問題的assumption是啥??

有問題的話請指正喔!!!

[Calvin]

沒錯沒錯

大同意nicole !

[世界和平]

豁然開朗! 謝謝大家!

[CUGGYER]

雖然現在可以了解為什麼答案是E 但其他選項我還是不太懂 有人可以分析一下其他錯在哪裡嗎?

[lynn720908]

雖然現在可以了解為什麼答案是E 但其他選項我還是不太懂 有人可以分析一下其他錯在哪裡嗎?

個人見解～有錯誤請指正！
A. 題目沒說Copernican是第一個與Ptolemaic理論相反的
Ｂ. 無關題目所說的錯誤的推論！　
Ｃ. 題目沒辦法推論出Ｐand C不能存在在同一個證據
Ｄ. 題目沒說到許多相反的例子～不能做為推論！
ＥＰ錯所以Ｃ對,正確答案！錯誤的推論！沒有考慮到Ｐ錯Ｃ也錯的可能性！