[問題]大全 1-20

[shena]

Archaeologists seeking the location of a legendary siege and destruction of a city are excavating in several possible places, including a middle and a lower layer of a large mound. The bottom of the middle layer contains some pieces of pottery of type 3, known to be from a later period than the time of the destruction of the city, but the lower layer does not.

The force of the evidence cited above is most seriously weakened if which of the following is true?

(A) Gerbils, small animals long native to the area, dig large burrows into which objects can fall when the burrows collapse.
(B) Pottery of types 1 and 2, found in the lower level, was used in the cities from which, according to the legend, the besieging forces came.
(C) Several pieces of stone from a lower-layer wall have been found incorporated into the remains of a building in the middle layer.
(D) Both the middle and the lower layer show evidence of large-scale destruction of habitations by fire.
(E) Bronze ax heads of a type used at the time of the siege were found in the lower level of excavation.

Ans:(A)

選項內都是在討論middle/lower layer的問題 , 可是我搞不清楚之間的關連 , 請前輩解釋看看囉 ~

[liwuu]

整個題目背景大意為找遺跡,發現有一mound,其中間層有type 3 pottery碎片(碎片的年代晚於城市摧毀),而底層沒有發現此碎片 => 所以一般可以推論城市遺跡在lower layer

問如果出現何種證據,將會weaken上述論述!!
選項A說明有一種會挖穴的動物來攪局,因此當洞穴倒塌後,東西會掉下去...
即表示城市遺跡有可能是在middle layer而非在lower layer,而那個碎片是因為掉入洞穴後,才造成在middle layer出現...

[shena]

您解釋的太清楚了~感激涕零....

[dibert8]

我想 force of the evidence 是指"因為發現圍城之後的 pottery of type 3 ,所以認為 middle layer 不是城市遺址".
選項裡只要能維持 middle layer 是城市遺址,就弱化這個 force of the evidence .
重點在 middle layer , 那 lower layer 只要是符合遺址的證據就不用管它了 => 刪除 (B) (C) (E)
=> (A) (D) 抉擇.
(D) 還得證明大火是在圍城時發生才能維持 middle layer 是城市遺址,於是把它刪除了.
=> (A) : pottery of type 3 是上面掉下來的,本不屬於 middle layer,維持 middle layer 是城市遺址的說法.