[問題]GWD21-34

[cimim]

GWD 21-34
Scientists have dated sharp-edged flakes of stone found in the fine-grained sediments of a dry riverbed in the Afar region of Ethiopia to between 2.52 and 2.60 million years ago, pushing back by more than 150,000 years the earliest date when it is known that humans made stone tools.
A. when it is known that humans made
B. at which it is known that humans had made
C. at which humans are known to have made
D. that humans are known to be making
E. of humans who were known to make

這一題的答案是..A or C

隱藏答案寫C 下面附的答案是A

我個人的答案是C

[step by step]

我的答案也是(C)

[stilalala]

我的答案也是(C)

我的也是c
本來在a.c之中做選擇

覺得a有點怪怪的
when it is known.....it要指什麼???

c at which human are known to have made

我想be known to have p.p 這種用法應該是沒有問題的

但我有一個疑問

date 可以用at 當介係詞嗎??
請指教
謝謝

[peche]

Scientists have dated sharp-edged flakes of stone found
in the fine-grained sediments of a dry riverbed in the Afar region of Ethiopia to between 2.52 and 2.60 million years ago

---> 对於這個 "TO" 我覺得很奇怪~請問一下開如何解釋？？
---> 答案方面 我頃向a 因為 Humans 以前做石具 但現在不做了

open to discuss

[panda]

補個連結
http://www.formosamba.com/phpBB3/viewtopi ... harp-edged

[DARY]

希望在這邊提問不要被罵才好∼
請問GWD第21回答案到底在哪裡才找得到啊??
找遍咖啡店都找不到,快瘋掉了
感謝提供!!!

[modern]

C的問題在have made

A應該是it代替後面整個子句 that humans made stone tools

但若是這樣 句意就很怪

至於答案 我被C的have made氣死 我還是會選C 但我無法解釋為什麼要用完成式
留給NN做解答吧

這題CD上面也尚未定論><
我下週考若是碰到就只好相信自己的直覺了

[coulomb]

這題可以參考 考古題Form 17-Q14
The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

答案A

老莫解釋說這叫推測動詞 known to have Vpp

[dibert8]

可有人知道推測動詞: 與事實相同還是相反? 機率有多大? 有過去時態的用法嗎?

[dibert8]

這題不選 (C) 有兩個原因: 1. 時態不對, 2. 不簡潔 (at which => when)

[YH32480]

這題可以參考 考古題Form 17-Q14
The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

答案A

老莫解釋說這叫推測動詞 known to have Vpp

此題考古題很有參考意義：
1. The Neanderthals (古代人)有的頭腦一定應該用過去式，但因為to-V不定詞片語沒有過去式的型態，便以過去分詞 (to have Vpp)方式表示過去
2. 動詞know的慣用法中沒有 be known that 的說法
應該是
- be known to sb (為... 所熟知)
- be known to-V (以做...而為人所知)
- be known as (以..身份著稱)

同理，我覺得這題(GWD-21 #34) 答案應該是(C)
原因如下--
(A)選項：the earliest date (when it is known that humans made stone tools)
1. when = at/in which 修飾 the earliest date
2. when 副詞子句中主詞為 it
3. it 是that 子句的虛主詞
還原變成：That humans made stone tools is known at the earliest date. (但在遠古時代不可能已被人知道了，表達不合邏輯)
(C)選項：the earliest date (at which humans are known to have made stone tools)
1. at which 修飾 the earliest date
2. which 名詞子句中主詞為 humans
還原變成：Humans at the earliest date are known to have made stone tools.（時態如上解釋，因此應合理）

此外若以be known to-V慣用法判斷, 便可刪除 (A), (B)選項了

敬請指教

[dibert8]

想到兩個問題:
1. 這一句裡 the earliest date 應該是過去時間? 還是只不過是個數字?
2. 虛主詞要不要在意它的時態? (i.e. 它是虛的,時態其實在 that 子句裡)

[小花]

可參考 這裡有討論
http://www.formosamba.com/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 5%E8%A9%9E

凡是推測動詞(EX:seem, appear, be believed, be supposed,etc.)

事件早發生用 have + P.P

EX.He is said to have been to America.
= It is said that he has been to America.

He seems to have walked a long way.
= It seems that he (has walked / walked) a long way.

推測跟事件同時發生用to be

EX.He is said to be a grest scholar.
= It is said that he is a grest scholar.

He was thought to be a lair.
= It was thought to be a lair.

表推測的句型是當兩件事發生在同一時間則為S + be + Vpp (推測動詞) + to V
當兩件事不是發生在同一時間則句型會變為 S + be + Vpp (推測動詞) + to have
可參考
http://www.formosamba.com/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 5%E8%A9%9E

[小花]

seem
appear
be said
be thought
be supposed + to + have + Vpp
be believed
be known
be alleged



另外
還有許多推測動詞的練習
考古題 P17#14,P33#1,P37#23,P100#25,P26#11