OG 64

[小隻]

Unlike a funded pension system, in which contributions are invested to pay future beneficiaries, a pay-as-you-go approach is the foundation of Social Security.

A. a pay-as-you-go approach is the foundation of Social Security.
B. the foundation of Social Security is a pay-as-you-go approach
C. the approach of Social Security is pay-as-you-go
D. Social Security's approach is pay-as-you-go
E. Social Security is founded on a pay-as-you-go approach

Ans. E

How do you know "Social Security" is system, but not "pay-as-you-go"?

[dibert8]

大寫表示專有名詞(公司,團體,機構,地名,...). Social Security 是美國的社會安全系統.它不是特別的機構,而是一個制度.就像政府一樣,是一個運作的系統.

pay-as-you-go (沒有大寫,名詞作形容詞用)是一種手段,在系統執行時,不同程序可以使用不同的手段來完成. approach 只是系統裡的一個元素.

[piyopiyo]

In OG10th, it says "Only E, the best chose, compares one kind of system of providing for retirees, the funded pension system, with another such system, Social Security."

Could anyone help me analyze the question stem that how come only E. is making comparison between comparable things? I cannot tell why A, B, C, D are comparing "System" with "Approach"?

Thank you!

[dibert8]

也許可以從字面上看:
(A) (C) (D) approach (方法/手段) =/= 系統
(B) foundation (基礎/建立) =/= 系統

system 好比一個網路 (e.g.台灣公路運輸網路), approach 是系統裡其中一個管道 (e.g. 從台北去台中走省道,走高速公路,搭國光號,自己開車, ...)
system 可以其中一項主要的 approach 為特色:台灣的高速公路系統是建立於使用者付費的精神 (i.e. 使用者付費是高速公路系統經費來源的手段)