[問題]OG 41

[Megan Lin]

41. Under a provision of the Constitution that was never applied. Congress has been required to call a conven¬tion for considering possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do it by the legisla¬tures of two-thirds of the states.
(A)was never applied, Congress has been required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do it
(B)was never applied, there has been a requirement that Congress call a convention for consider¬ation of possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally
(C)was never applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally
(D)has never been applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do so
(E)has never been applied. Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amend¬ments to the document when formally asked to do so

答案是E
這裡的問題是，除了CD 是因為fragment,ABE 我該如何分析呢?
我有點無法判斷OG說的 The predicate "has never been applied" refers to a span of time,from the writing of the Constitution to the present, rather than to a past event(as was does).

麻煩大家了
謝謝

[hsudk]

(E)選項打錯了吧？applied 後面應該是逗號不是句號吧？

it 不可以指代前面整個句子，要指代整個句子必須用 so，故 (A)(B)(C)錯。

[scujean]

41 Under a provision of the Constitution that was never applied. Congress has been required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do it by the legisla¬tures of two-thirds of the states.
(A)was never applied, Congress has been required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do it
(B)was never applied, there has been a requirement that Congress call a convention for consider¬ation of possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally
(C)was never applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally
(D)has never been applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do so
(E)has never been applied, Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amend¬ments to the document when formally asked to do so

答案是E
這裡的問題是，除了CD 是因為fragment,ABE 我該如何分析呢?
我有點無法判斷OG說的 The predicate "has never been applied" refers to a span of time,from the writing of the Constitution to the present, rather than to a past event(as was does).←現在完成式的用法是用來表示一各動作從過去開始，維持到現在。而過去式的用法是，表示過去某一時點的動作。

題目簡譯：在從來沒被應用到憲法法規，國會需要昭集會議去考慮(對該法規)可能的改變。

而這句[highlight=yellow]Under a provision of the Constitution that was never applied.[/highlight]
的意思是，[highlight=yellow]過去沒沒應用到的憲法法規[/highlight]，有給人憲法法規只在過去存在的意思，而憲法到現在都還在用

[afra_hung]

簡易判斷...never通常會跟現在完成式合用...
表示從以前到現在為止從未如何如何....

[pimi]

想請問whereby為何會造成句子fragment??
whereby的詞性為何呢??
是連接詞還是其他詞性呢??

[lucyyeh]

whereby 是副詞
- by means of which or according to which

我的想法是Congress 已經Under...就不用whereby了

[dibert8]

whereby = by which (關係副詞)
所以 (D) 1. 句子沒有動詞, 2. which 指啥? (i.e. whereby 修飾什麼?)

[alisonc]

可以了解by which的which無所指
但是1)句中沒有動詞 不是很能理解
不能說是Congress is required to call~ by.....嗎?

謝謝

[dibert8]

whereby 是關代,沒看到主要子句.
i.e. 'Under a provision..., whereby...' 不是句子.

OG 的解釋:
By introducing the subordinating conjunction whereby, C and D produce sentence fragments.

[nemolee]

不好意思，想借問一下，於於OG 上說的：
Finally, the pronoun it ungrammatically refers back to the entire expression regarding {what Congress is required to do and should be replaced by to do so}, which more clearly and correctly refers to what Congress must do．
他說 it 指代不能代全部，這個我可以了解，可是後來又說　Congress is required to do and should be replaced by to do so , 這地方不是很了解，為什麼一定要用 to do so ? to do so 放在在題目的中文表示是????

謝謝

[dibert8]

so 指前面提過的事情.

from Merriam-Webster,
so [adverb]: in a manner or way indicated or suggested <do you really think so> —often used as a substitute for a preceding clause <are you ready? I think so><I didn't like it and I told her so>