Prep Test1- essay16

[kaijen]

Test1-Essay #16. 351 (23705-!-item-!-188;#058&00351-00)

What kinds of property rights apply to Algonquian family hunting territories, and how did they come to be? The dominant view in recent decades has been that family hunting territories, like other forms of private landownership, were not found among Algonquians (a group of North American Indian tribes) before contact with Europeans but are the result of changes in Algonquian society brought about by the European-Algonquian fur trade, in combination with other factors such as ecological changes and consequent shifts in wildlife harvesting patterns. Another view claims that Algonquian family hunting territories predate contact with Europeans and are forms of private landownership by individuals and families. More recent fieldwork, however, has shown that individual and family rights to hunting territories form part of a larger land-use system of multifamilial hunting groups, that rights to hunting territories at this larger community level take precedence over those at the individual or family level, and that this system reflects a concept of spiritual and social reciprocity that conflicts with European concepts of private property. In short, there are now strong reasons to think that it was erroneous to claim that Algonquian family hunting territories ever were, or were becoming, a kind of private property system.

Question #53. 351-01 (23751-!-item-!-188;#058&000351-01)

The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) provide an explanation for an unexpected phenomenon
(B) suggest that a particular question has yet to be answered
(C) present a new perspective on an issue
(D) defend a traditional view from attack
(E) reconcile opposing sides of an argument

Ans: (C)

Question #54. 351-04 (23797-!-item-!-188;#058&000351-04)

It can be inferred from the passage that proponents of the view mentioned in the first highlighted text believe which of the following about the origin of Algonquian family hunting territories?

(A) They evolved from multifamilial hunting territories.
(B) They are an outgrowth of reciprocal land-use practices.
(C) They are based on certain spiritual beliefs.
(D) They developed as a result of contact with Europeans.
(E) They developed as a result of trade with non-Algonquian Indian tribes.

Ans:(D)

Question #55. 351-06 (23843-!-item-!-188;#058&000351-06)

According to the passage, proponents of the view mentioned in the first highlighted portion of text and proponents of the view mentioned in the second highlighted portion of text both believe which of the following about Algonquian family hunting territories?

(A) They are a form of private landownership.
(B) They are a form of community, rather than individual, landownership.
(C) They were a form of private landownership prior to contact with Europeans.
(D) They became a form of private landownership due to contact with Europeans.
(E) They have replaced reciprocal practices relating to land use in Algonquian society.

Ans:(A)

[dibert8]

Q #53: main idea 題
文章流程: 提出問題; 觀點 1 (European) 不好; 觀點 2 (individual) 也不好; 觀點 3 (community) 解釋了問題
(A) 沒有 unexpected phenomenon
(B) answer 給了
(C) new perspective = more recent fieldwork...
(D) 沒有 defend a traditional view (支持舊觀點)
(E) reconcile 一定錯 (AT 文章:文人相輕,一定不會妥協)
選 (C)

Q #54: 推論題
觀點 1 (European)
(A) 觀點 3
(B) land-use 跳行; reciprocal land-use 文章也沒有
(C) 觀點 3
(D) 正確
(E) 文章沒有 non-Algonquian Indian tribes

[dibert8]

Q #55 覺得是題組裡最難的一題
(A) 似是而非,好像對,又好像"觀點 2", confusing 中:不知葫蘆裡賣什麼藥?
(B) 觀點 3
(C) 觀點 2
(D) 觀點 1
(E) reciprocal practices 文章沒有
(E) 不對? 沒答案? (B) (C) (D) 再看一次? (A) 好像"觀點 2", 又好像都有? => GMAT 很喜歡這樣拖掉寶貴的時間!!! 切忌! plan B 趕快拿出來用:看正確/錯誤選項的特徵. 比較 (A), (B), 看到了嗎? 原來 private =/= individual, 選 (A) 吧! GMAT 考的就是在細微的差異間,判斷對錯.
這時絶對不能亂猜,向任何不可能的選項妥協,過 700 要有識破這一題的功力.
關鍵:文章沒有的概念一定不能選,離開 (A) 就中計了.

[foric0822]

[quote="dibert8"]Q #55 覺得是題組裡最難的一題
(A) 似是而非,好像對,又好像"觀點 2", confusing 中:不知葫蘆裡賣什麼藥?
(B) 觀點 3
(C) 觀點 2
(D) 觀點 1
(E) reciprocal practices 文章沒有
(E) 不對? 沒答案? (B) (C) (D) 再看一次? (A) 好像"觀點 2", 又好像都有? => GMAT 很喜歡這樣拖掉寶貴的時間!!! 切忌! plan B 趕快拿出來用:看正確/錯誤選項的特徵. 比較 (A), (B), 看到了嗎? 原來 private =/= individual, 選 (A) 吧! GMAT 考的就是在細微的差異間,判斷對錯.
這時絶對不能亂猜,向任何不可能的選項妥協,過 700 要有識破這一題的功力.
關鍵:文章沒有的概念一定不能選,離開 (A) 就中計了

最近作題有一些小小的發現，如果對文章的內容有掌握住的話
這種類似題形可以快速排除張冠李戴的選項
如本題的BCD 通常留下的兩個選項在時間緊急的時候是很難作細緻的定位
雖然選項A可以在原文定位到在line 2 & line 8都有提到兩個觀點都認為是財產擁有權的概念
但是考試一急誰有那個心情靜下來慢慢找
觀察常見的錯誤選項常常是用文中出現過特定的單字來迷惑
如E選項的reciprocal，在一急的時候就很容易誤選
我個人有一個排除方式，仔細看看主詞跟動詞
E選的they 是講前面兩種看法的人，而E選的觀念跟這他們一點關係也沒有
所以一定不會對 這樣就可以排除E 選到A了

[hwatai]

What kinds of property rights apply to Algonquian family hunting territories, and how did they come to be? The dominant view in recent decades has been that family hunting territories, like other forms of private landownership, were not found among Algonquians (a group of North American Indian tribes) before contact with Europeans but are the result of changes in Algonquian society brought about by the European-Algonquian fur trade, in combination with other factors such as ecological changes and consequent shifts in wildlife harvesting patterns. Another view claims that Algonquian family hunting territories predate contact with Europeans and are forms of private landownership by individuals and families. More recent fieldwork, however, has shown that individual and family rights to hunting territories form part of a larger land-use system of multifamilial hunting groups, that rights to hunting territories at this larger community level take precedence over those at the individual or family level, and that this system reflects a concept of spiritual and social reciprocity that conflicts with European concepts of private property. In short, there are now strong reasons to think that it was erroneous to claim that Algonquian family hunting territories ever were, or were becoming, a kind of private property system.

第55題

先定位到private這個字後，ACD決勝；接著是時點問題
第一個View：not found...before contact with Europeans ...排除C
第二個View：claims...predate contact with Europeans ... 排除D