GWD-8-Q18:

[黃家大少]

GWD-8-Q18:
According to a recent study of consumer spending on prescription medications, increases in the sales of the 50 drugs that were advertised most heavily accounts for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of which came from sales of the 9,850 prescription medicines that companies did not advertise or advertised very little.

A. heavily accounts for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of which came
B. heavily were what accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year; the remainder of the increase coming
C. heavily accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of the increase coming
D. heavily, accounting for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, while the remainder of the increase came
E. heavily, which accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, with the remainder of it coming

答案C 想請教一下解題技巧

[A級垂耳兔]

找到主詞increases...
答案A動詞應該用複數不加s...刪..
答案D.E找不到動詞...刪...
答案B分號後面找主詞動詞...找不到動詞...刪...

[willyyang]

(A) 除了動詞加了s這個問題，which也有問題。which指代誰？
(B) 就和前面的大大說的一樣。 「;」後面沒有動詞
(D)(E) 沒有動詞，應該是主要子句的部份動詞不見了。
另外 E的 it還有指代不清楚的問題。

請各位NN繼續討論。

[dibert8]

再補充一下
(B) were what 不是改變句意 (what = something that => something else?), 就是 redundancy (what 就是 increases)
(C) the remainder ... 是獨立片語

[lucyyeh]

請問一下，為什麼C選後面是用coming而不用came呢?

C. heavily accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of the increase coming

還是這也是省略連接詞and的分詞構句?

[dibert8]

(C) 的結構有個名稱叫"獨立片語":有自己的主詞所以獨立,沒有真正的動詞所以是片語,動詞以分詞取代.

[lucyyeh]

謝謝謝謝! 今天第一次學到什麼叫做"獨立片語"，所以這不叫做participle囉?
可以再請教一下，獨立片語通常是什麼情況下使用? 是想要跟前面的句子攀上關係又不想用分號的狀況嗎?

另外再請教一下，dibert大是怎麼把文法練到這麼強的，我好生佩服!!!

不好意思，問題有點多，實在是最近做GWD SC有點挫敗，希望可以早日脫離困境。

[dibert8]

我想獨立片語的作用在補充說明主要子句,但是主詞不一樣,又不能有動詞,只好用分詞.

有很多關鍵的地方其實是在咖啡店裡藉前人的經驗學來的. GMAT 考的是標準語法(好像叫什麼 standard English writing grammar 之類的,美國人從小就被灌輸的那種語法).

GWD 裡蠻多爭議題,我是在咖啡店裡看其他人的想法,截長補短,理出規則.高低潮也出現過,有時之前做對的題,再做一次做錯,就只能再釐清一次觀念.想法是以觀念應付多變的考題.

[lucyyeh]

我在網路上找到有位高手寫的很好，給大家參考

什麼是"獨立片語"?
http://www.cybertranslator.idv.tw/gramm ... m#Absolute Phrase

"獨立片語"是一種結合句子的技巧，最優美
http://www.cybertranslator.idv.tw/gramm ... skills.htm

不過dibert大提到的這點
"我想獨立片語的作用在補充說明主要子句,但是主詞不一樣,又不能有動詞,只好用分詞."
所謂"主詞不一樣，不能有動詞" 這個道理，是不是只有在AT比較挑剔一點阿?
我覺得日常生活中，只要不會誤解或是太突兀，不常常兩個子句主詞不一樣不也是會把他們連起來???

我查到也有這種句子，看來文法也是對的。

複合句 (compound-complex) -- 一個以上的獨立子句及至少一個從屬子句：After it was all over, my dad claimed he knew we were planning something, but we think he was really surprised.
上面的主詞都沒有一樣喔....


如果我把C選的coming改成came，再補個and, 看起來是不是跟複合句很像?
不知道文法對不對?
(但好像又不符合定義，第一句不是從屬子句)

According to a recent study of consumer spending on prescription medications, increases in the sales of the 50 drugs that were advertised most heavily accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, and the remainder of the increase came from sales of the 9,850 prescription medicines that companies did not advertise or advertised very little.

[lucyyeh]

頂一下! 這個版討論真熱烈，我的問題一下就被淹沒了，請大家幫的忙，幫助我了解一下複合句的定義，以及正確的用法，我實在找不到說。謝謝!

[dibert8]

所謂"主詞不一樣，不能有動詞" 這個道理，是不是只有在AT比較挑剔一點阿?
我覺得日常生活中，只要不會誤解或是太突兀，不常常兩個子句主詞不一樣不也是會把他們連起來???

我查到也有這種句子，看來文法也是對的。

複合句 (compound-complex) -- 一個以上的獨立子句及至少一個從屬子句：After it was all over, my dad claimed he knew we were planning something, but we think he was really surprised.
上面的主詞都沒有一樣喔....


如果我把C選的coming改成came，再補個and, 看起來是不是跟複合句很像?
不知道文法對不對?
(但好像又不符合定義，第一句不是從屬子句)

According to a recent study of consumer spending on prescription medications, increases in the sales of the 50 drugs that were advertised most heavily accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, and the remainder of the increase came from sales of the 9,850 prescription medicines that companies did not advertise or advertised very little.

文法看起來 OK.
compound-complex 猜測是指有主要結構與次要結構的句子,以和 compound (有分隔但全句都是主要結構 e.g. 分詞構句,假設語句)作區隔.
那只帶次要結構,如獨立片語,的句子,是不是歸類成 complex 呢?
待查證.

[阿琪]

選項中看考點：
1、須不須要動詞? abc 要 de 不要
2、現在式或過去式?
3、逗號的使用?

判斷：
1、句子increases缺 動詞，而且是複數 ~~故可刪ade
2、過去式 ( 從were 和did 判斷得知)
3、逗號之後…同位語；若用分號…少動詞，故可刪b

c得解