Prep-T1-Essay 17

[lucyyeh]

Essay #17

Many people believe that because wages are lower in developing countries than in developed countries, competition from developing countries in goods traded internationally will soon eliminate large numbers of jobs in developed countries. Currently, developed countries' advanced technology results in higher productivity, which accounts for their higher wages. Advanced technology is being transferred ever more speedily across borders, but even with the latest technology, productivity and wages in developing countries will remain lower than in developed countries for many years because developed countries have better infrastructure and better-educated workers. When productivity in a developing country does catch up, experience suggests that wages there will rise. Some individual firms in developing countries have raised their productivity but kept their wages (which are influenced by average productivity in the country's economy) low. However, in a developing country's economy as a whole, productivity improvements in goods traded internationally are likely to cause an increase in wages. Furthermore, if wages are not allowed to rise, the value of the country's currency will appreciate, which (from the developed countries' point of view) is the equivalent of increased wages in the developing country. And although in the past a few countries have deliberately kept their currencies undervalued, that is now much harder to do in a world where capital moves more freely.

這題文章雖然沒有很難，可是選項我卻選不對，請大家幫忙一下。

Question #56.

The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) identify the origin of a common misconception
(B) discuss the implications of a generally accepted principle
(C) present information relevant in evaluating a commonly held belief
(D) defend a controversial assertion against a variety of counterarguments
(E) explain under what circumstances a well-known phenomenon occurs

ANS:C
請問B選錯在什麼地方呢? 看起來很像。

[dibert8]

這題不容易. 在 (B) (C) 之間,一些常用法則全部失靈.
discuss vs present 應該都說的通
implication vs information 傾向 implication (沒有數據,例證-- 不像 information)
evaluating 沒有褒貶,不像
generally accepted vs commonly held 應該都對
綜合以上,有很好的理由選 (B)
因此推敲, (B) (C) 關鍵在 principle "原理" vs belief "看法", 這下看出差別;原來 GMAT 中, information, evaluating 的權衡,還比不上 principle vs belief 的不能妥協!

from Merriam-Webster,
principle
a comprehensive and fundamental law, doctrine, or assumption b (1) : a rule or code of conduct (2) : habitual devotion to right principles <a man of principle> c : the laws or facts of nature underlying the working of an artificial device

"fundamental law" 這算蠻嚴重的敘述.

[lucyyeh]

感謝dibert大指點，看來RC選項如果不看仔細一點真的很容易錯，現在回頭想想，文章所說的開發中國家的工資低，這真的只是gerneral belief，不太可能是principle.

[hwatai]

Question #56.

The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) identify the origin of a common misconception
動詞identify可以
受詞origin不對

(B) discuss the implications of a generally accepted principle
動詞 discuss....無法判斷
受詞the implications of a generally accepted principle ；implication是暗喻、不明說，與這篇經濟性質的文章調性有出入

(C) present information relevant in evaluating a commonly held belief
動詞present information...無法判斷
受詞information relevant in evaluating a commonly held belief(呼應章首Many people believe)

(D) defend a controversial assertion against a variety of counterarguments
動詞defend...不對
受詞controverislal assertion...不對

(E) explain under what circumstances a well-known phenomenon occurs
動詞explain．．．無法判斷
受詞under what circumstances a well-known phenomenon occurs不對

作者在文章中，幾次地提出一些資訊，然後however../ although...加以轉折或否定
我覺得B的錯誤在implication這個字，不過很抽象，我是與C比較後，覺得(C) 有evaluating／commonly held belief，與行文的架構貼近勝出

principle經指點也發現，的確，文章提的東西不是principle，principle是不能被撼動的，所以有些教科書的title都還會寫如Princple of Corporate Finance以示權威性!?

[youngerwu]

Question #57.
The passage suggests that if the movement of capital in the world were restricted, which of the following would be likely?

(A) Advanced technology could move more quickly from developed countries to developing countries.
(B) Developed countries could compete more effectively for jobs with developing countries.
(C) A country's average wages could increase without significantly increasing the sophistication of its technology or the value of its currency.
(D) A country's productivity could increase without significantly increasing the value of its currency.
(E) Workers could obtain higher wages by increasing their productivity.

答案d
想請教本題答案 定位在題目哪邊呢 想不出來 謝謝~~

[willy48912005]

Furthermore, if wages are not allowed to rise, the value of the country's currency will appreciate, which (from the developed countries' point of view) is the equivalent of increased wages in the developing country.

推一下，這題我卡住 想不通
"which"到底指的是什麼? 然後跟後面increased wages in the developing county是什麼關係?

[willy48912005]

Furthermore, if wages are not allowed to rise, the value of the country's currency will appreciate, which (from the developed countries' point of view) is the equivalent of increased wages in the developing country.

推一下，這題我卡住 想不通
"which"到底指的是什麼? 然後跟後面increased wages in the developing county是什麼關係?

[小綠]

這篇雖不難~可我也不對Q57 & Q58,希望好心人幫忙解一下,還有告訴我定位句!
謝謝~~~

Question #57. 549-06 (23940-!-item-!-188;#058&000549-06)

The passage suggests that if the movement of capital in the world were restricted, which of the following would be likely?

(A) Advanced technology could move more quickly from developed countries to developing countries.
(B) Developed countries could compete more effectively for jobs with developing countries.
(C) A country's average wages could increase without significantly increasing the sophistication of its technology or the value of its currency.
(D) A country's productivity could increase without significantly increasing the value of its currency.
(E) Workers could obtain higher wages by increasing their productivity.

Question #58. 549-07 (23986-!-item-!-188;#058&000549-07)

The passage suggests that which of the following would best explain why, in a developing country, some firms that have raised their productivity continue to pay low wages?

(A) Wages are influenced by the extent to which productivity increases are based on the latest technology.
(B) Wages are influenced by the extent to which labor unions have organized the country's workers.
(C) Wages are not determined by productivity improvements in goods traded internationally.
(D) The average productivity of the workers in the country has not risen.
(E) The education level of the workers in the country determines wages.

[小花]

三腳貓的工夫, 來解一下
清各位多批評指教了



Question #57. 549-06 (23940-!-item-!-188;#058&000549-06)

The passage suggests that if the movement of capital in the world were restricted, which of the following would be likely?

(A) Advanced technology could move more quickly from developed countries to developing countries.
(B) Developed countries could compete more effectively for jobs with developing countries.
(C) A country's average wages could increase without significantly increasing the sophistication of its technology or the value of its currency.
(D) A country's productivity could increase without significantly increasing the value of its currency.(E) Workers could obtain higher wages by increasing their productivity.

找出關鍵字,定位最後一段有提到capital
And although in the past a few countries have deliberately kept their currencies undervalued, that is now much harder to do in a world where capital moves more freely.

再找 kept their currencies undervalued的原因
if wages are not allowed to rise, the value of the country's currency will appreciat
這裡是關鍵,該升值而沒升值,造成貨幣被低估了

再找wages rise的原因
When productivity in a developing country does catch up, experience suggests that wages there will rise.
老實說做這一題時我不是用定位
用排除法 ,其他選項都不是文章討論的主軸,一一刪除


Question #58. 549-07 (23986-!-item-!-188;#058&000549-07)

The passage suggests that which of the following would best explain why, in a developing country, some firms that have raised their productivity continue to pay low wages?

(A) Wages are influenced by the extent to which productivity increases are based on the latest technology. technology 是因素之ㄧ
但不是關鍵
(B) Wages are influenced by the extent to which labor unions have organized the country's workers.刪除,新元素,文章沒提
(C) Wages are not determined by productivity improvements in goods traded internationally. 刪除,文章沒這意思
(D) The average productivity of the workers in the country has not risen.
(E) Theeducation level of the workers in the country determines wages. 刪除,講的是已開發中國家
定位
Some individual firms in developing countries have raised their productivity but kept their wages (which are influenced by average productivity in the country's economy) low.

心得:這篇文章有國際金融的味道

[chris8888]

The passage suggests that if the movement of capital in the world were restricted, which of the following would be likely?

(A) Advanced technology could move more quickly from developed countries to developing countries.
(B) Developed countries could compete more effectively for jobs with developing countries.
(C) A country's average wages could increase without significantly increasing the sophistication of its technology or the value of its currency.
(D) A country's productivity could increase without significantly increasing the value of its currency.
(E) Workers could obtain higher wages by increasing their productivity.

我的看法是,
if wages are not allowed to rise, the value of the country's currency will appreciate, which is the equivalent of increased wages in the developing country. And although in the past a few countries have deliberately kept their currencies undervalued, that is now much harder to do in a world where capital moves more
貨幣價值上升其實等同於薪資上升, 因相較於國外的購買力仍舊上升
有國家限制currency向上, 不確定會導致薪資向上, 但事實上, 生產力還是可能會上升, 所以答案用could, 而且是唯一可能的選擇
我覺得做verbal有時候真難選擇正確答案, 刪去錯誤法是比較可行的了

[chris8888]

進階補充
However, in a developing country's economy as a whole, productivity improvements in goods traded internationally are likely to cause an increase in wages(在開發中國家, 生產力提升可能造成薪資增加). Furthermore, if wages are not allowed to rise(薪資不被允許增加), the value of the country's currency will appreciate(幣值會上升), which (from the developed countries' point of view) is the equivalent of increased wages in the developing country(幣值上升等同於薪資上升). And although in the past a few countries have deliberately kept their currencies undervalued, that is now much harder to do in a world where capital moves more freely. 文章本說 : 想要去壓低幣值的國家, 現在更難去這樣做了.(題目是問如果可以做到那會怎樣?)

如果可以作得到, 就會像上面說的一樣, 幣值被國家壓制, 導致薪資上升, 等同於生產力增加(文說 : 薪資不被允許增加, 幣值將上升, 顛倒一下)