[問題]Prep-T1-Q3

[haijung]

答案A，我想請教大家，莫北北不是說過去分詞結構在句子中不是不可以單獨出現嗎? 過去分詞應該是和過去式一起出現強調動作的先後。為什麼這一題過去分詞可以單獨出現呢? 先謝謝囉~

[Jen-Cheng]

為什麼會單獨出現?

[haijung]

請大大幫忙回覆阿~~

[hsudk]

實在不大明白你的問題。1.圖貼得不大清楚，可否用打字？2.你說的過去分詞是指哪一個？

[haijung]

Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside the Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendants, popularly known as killer bees, has migrated far north as southern Texas.

答案就是A，我想問的是過去分詞不多和過去式一起出現強調時間先後嗎? OG10的每一道有過去分詞的都一定同時有過去式，莫北北也說了這個定理，不過在此題似乎不是如此~ 請大大指教~

[hsudk]

GMAT中的錯誤分為兩種，正確性錯誤和有效性錯誤。所謂正確性錯誤就是指文法上肯定不對的錯誤，通常出現的型態有主詞動詞搭配、指代錯誤等；

有效性錯誤是指文法上沒有錯誤，但句意上，其他選項中有著更好的選擇，像是"in that"，還有"過去完成式不可單獨出現"等。

通常考有效性錯誤的題目屬於難題，也是高分題。

過去分詞並沒有必須和過去式一同出現的問題；過去完成式才有。此題前面說了「在honeybees離開之後的35年之內...」已經暗示了時間的先後順序，則後面用「他們的後代已經向北遷移至...」句意上並無不妥。

注意解SC題時，永遠是句意為上

[Jen-Cheng]

前:在honeybees離開之後的35年之內
後:他們的後代已經向北遷移至...」
不是應該為"時間上在前的部分"用past perfect tense??

還是說，在一個特定的過去時間點的"前"，"後"，只要是完成在過去，還是可以用past perfect tense??

[mandy-lo]

Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendents, popular known as killer bees had migrated as far north as Southern Texas.
A. Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
B. In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
C. In less than the 35 years since African honeybees had been released outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
D. It took less than 35 years from the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, when
E. It took less than 35 years after the time that African honeybees were released outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, and then

想請教一下各位大大們:
B選分詞邏輯主語是否變成Brazil releae African honeyees,所以改變句意
至於C選解答我看不懂????,各位大大們請幫忙解釋please……….

[whoops]

Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendents, popular known as killer bees had migrated as far north as Southern Texas.
A. Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
B. In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
C. In less than the 35 years since African honeybees had been released outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,
D. It took less than 35 years from the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, when
E. It took less than 35 years after the time that African honeybees were released outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, and then

想請教一下各位大大們:
B選分詞邏輯主語是否變成Brazil releae African honeyees,所以改變句意
至於C選解答我看不懂????,各位大大們請幫忙解釋please……….

選項B中 since releasing的主詞會變成their descendents, 句意變成牠們的後裔釋放非洲蜜蜂, 子孫釋放祖先 句意怪..

[kotokolin]

所以整理一下:

B, 改變句意since releasing...和後面的主詞配不起來; CD上說 in 35 year有表示將來的意思
C 的 the很奇怪，要限定某35年應該用past, last, during...好像沒看過in the 35 years的
D, E的 it沒有可以指代的對象

[dibert8]

考文法,獨立片語

(A) 獨立片語
(B) since +N (時間 or 狀態); releasing 是動作(有受詞),文法意義上不是名詞
(C) since +過去式 (不是過去完成式).
(D) It 是虛主詞; when 表示特定時點,不跟(過去)完成式連用.
(E) "過去式, and 過去完成式": migrate 比 release 早發生 => 不合邏輯.

[tristan]

我選到C,後來想了想
是因為had been和後面的had migrated
無法表達出時間的先後順序 所以用過去完成式就失去意義了
我的想法是對的嗎?

[dibert8]

這麼理解應該是可以吧.
(C) 時態錯 (since 子句不會用過去完成式)

[vicky1986]

過去完成式一定要跟過去式連用嗎??

在這題看來說不通 因為 had migrated是比較晚的

但是我很少看到過去完成式單獨使用

過去完成式可以單獨使用嗎?
為什麼這邊要用過去完成式呢? 而不用過去式就好了??


拜託知道的人幫我解答阿!!!^^

[ginachi]

頂一下，這我也很想知道，為啥過去完成式，怎麼不用過去式就好了呢?一直想去找是不是哪裡被省略了，可又想如果有代表時間的ex：未來式或過去式，也不能隨便亂省阿!!!

提供一個collins cobuild的文法書上過去完成式定義：
若要談及在過去特定時間之前發生的過去事件或情況，可用過去完成式。
Events before a particular time in the past: the past perfect
難道是指在the release後35年之前(因為句意是35年內)嗎??