[problem]oldexam-feifei No.9=>搭橋法題型整理

[訪客]

9. Astronauts who experience weightlessness frequently get motion sickness. The astronauts see their own motion relative to passing objects, but while the astronauts are weightless their inner ears indicate that their bodies are not moving. The astronauts’ experience is best explained by the hypothesis that conflicting information received by the brain about the body’s motion causes motion sickness.

Which one of the following, if true, provides the strongest additional support for the hypothesis above?

A. During rough voyages ship passengers in cabins providing a view of the water are less likely to get motion sickness than are passengers in cabins providing no view.
B. Many people who are experienced airplane passengers occasionally get motion sickness.
C. Some automobile passengers whose inner ears indicate that they are moving and who have a clear view of the objects they are passing get motion sickness.
D. People who have aisle seats in trains or airplanes are as likely to get motion sickness as are people who have window seats.
E. Some astronauts do not get motion sickness even after being in orbit for several days.

答案：A
思路：搭橋法，建立A與B的聯繫。仔細讀題可知：這種運動性疾病是由於大腦接受了不同的矛盾的資訊。有兩個信息源：一個來自內耳（靜止），一個來自眼睛（運動）。
選項中只有A,C,D涉及這樣兩個資訊源。
A指出接受兩種不同的資訊較容易獲得運動性疾病比起獲得兩種一致的資訊。C：雖有兩種資訊，但兩者是一致的（都是運動的）。


I choose C

[QQcandy]

In my opinion, I also think the answer is A. As attached explained, Answer A provided the contrast with two different motions to show ppl will have motion sickness. However, Answer C mentioned only one motion w/o any contrast.

[訪客]

15. Dental researcher: Filling a cavity in a tooth is not a harmless procedure: it inevitably damages some of the healthy parts of the tooth. Cavities are harmful only if the decay reaches the nerves inside the tooth, and many cavities, if left untreated, never progress to that point. Therefore, dentists should not fill a cavity unless the nerves inside the tooth are in imminent danger from that cavity.

Which one of the following principles, if valid, most strongly supports the researcher’s reasoning?

A. Dentists should perform any procedure that is likely to be beneficial in the long term, but only if the procedure does not cause immediate damage.
B. Dentists should help their patients to prevent cavities rather than waiting until cavities are present to begin treatment.
C. A condition that is only potentially harmful should not be treated using a method that is definitely harmful.
D. A condition that is typically progressive should not be treated using methods that provide only temporary relief.
E. A condition that is potentially harmful should not be left untreated unless it can be kept under constant surveillance.

答案：C
思路：搭橋法，建立A與B的聯繫作者指出：補牙對牙齒的健康部分是一定有害的。而牙洞只有在已經露出神經後才是有害的。可是這種情形幾乎不可能出現。因此牙醫不應該隨便給病人補牙除非牙齦神經已經露出。
A, 提到無關資訊：beneficial in the long term。
B, 與題目相反
C, 有效的建立了兩者的關係，即對於潛在的傷害不應用必然帶來其他傷害的方法來治療。
D, 無關資訊排除
E, 沒有建立起有效的連接。

[scottkidd]

9. Astronauts who experience weightlessness frequently get motion sickness. The astronauts see their own motion relative to passing objects, but while the astronauts are weightless their inner ears indicate that their bodies are not moving. The astronauts’ experience is best explained by the hypothesis that conflicting information received by the brain about the body’s motion causes motion sickness.

Which one of the following, if true, provides the strongest additional support for the hypothesis above?

A. During rough voyages ship passengers in cabins providing a view of the water are less likely to get motion sickness than are passengers in cabins providing no view.
B. Many people who are experienced airplane passengers occasionally get motion sickness.
C. Some automobile passengers whose inner ears indicate that they are moving and who have a clear view of the objects they are passing get motion sickness.
D. People who have aisle seats in trains or airplanes are as likely to get motion sickness as are people who have window seats.
E. Some astronauts do not get motion sickness even after being in orbit for several days.

答案：A
思路：搭橋法，建立A與B的聯繫。仔細讀題可知：這種運動性疾病是由於大腦接受了不同的矛盾的資訊。有兩個信息源：一個來自內耳（靜止），一個來自眼睛（運動）。
選項中只有A,C,D涉及這樣兩個資訊源。
A指出接受兩種不同的資訊較容易獲得運動性疾病比起獲得兩種一致的資訊。C：雖有兩種資訊，但兩者是一致的（都是運動的）。


I choose C

針對(A)、(D)兩個選項我比較困惑，就句意來講
(A)說得到motion sickness是in cabins providing a view of the water are less likely (<)to get motion sickness than are passengers in cabins providing no view，也就是沒有看到景象的比較容易得
(D)說 aisle seats in trains or airplanes are as likely(>) to get motion sickness as are people who have window seats，坐走道沒看到景象的比較容易得

這樣不就兩個是相同的意思嗎？

打完才發現自己耍寶，(D)是as likely as...是說一樣有可能...