OG 57

[agk99]

57. Extinction is a process that can depend on a variety of ecological, geographical, and physiological variables. These variables affect different species of organisms in different ways, and should, therefore, yield a random pattern of extinctions. However, the fossil record shows that extinction occurs in a surprisingly definite pattern, with many species vanishing at the same time.

Which of the following, if true, forms the best basis for at least a partial explanation of the patterned extinctions revealed by the fossil record?

(A) Major episodes of extinction can result from widespread environmental disturbances that affect numerous different species.
(B) Certain extinction episodes selectively affect organisms with particular sets of characteristics unique to their species.
(C) Some species become extinct because of accumulated gradual changes in their local environments.
(D) In geologically recent times, for which there is no fossil record, human intervention has changed the pattern of extinctions.
(E) Species that are widely dispersed are the least likely to become extinct.


答案選A
我的問題大概是沒看出題目的關鍵，我的理解是，從化石來看可以發現絕種都有一定的特徵，要找解釋。
可是A為什麼能做解釋呢?請教大家

[Rusu]

我覺得A作了different species of organisms in different ways, and should, therefore, yield a random pattern of extinctions (不同)與 However, the fossil record shows that extinction occurs in a surprisingly definite pattern, with many species vanishing at the same time(卻同). 兩種現象的原因說明----將extinctions of different species may be resulted from one reason 說明(不同-->同果)

不好意思...我也不知這樣寫對不對....請其他大大們指點...

[tky]

文章中的第2句說

These variables affect different species of organisms in different ways, and should, therefore, yield a random pattern of extinctions.

說明：variables(可變因素??)→以不同方式影響的不同種類的生物→產生了多樣(??)的滅亡型態
但後面就提到

However, the fossil record shows that extinction occurs in a surprisingly definite pattern, with many species vanishing at the same time.

化石顯示出很多消失在同一時間的物種們是以某一特定(definite)形式滅絕

因此

(A)Major episodes of extinction can result from widespread environmental disturbances that affect numerous different species.

說明了：會造成多數物種消逝的廣泛性的environmental disturbances會→產生了extinction
也就是說
單一原因造成不同物種的滅絕(而非如文張中所言的多種原因造成多種生物滅絕)

這樣解釋不知對不對???

[魚]

hi , agk , 我的理解跟TKY差不多 ,我再GP幫你整理一下好了.


57.
事實一 : Extinction is a process that can depend on a variety of ecological, geographical, and physiological variables. These variables affect different species of organisms in different ways, and should, therefore, yield a random pattern of extinctions.
事實二 However, the fossil record shows that extinction occurs in a surprisingly definite pattern, with many species vanishing at the same time.
簡譯 : 由化石紀錄發現 many species vanishing at the same time時發生extinction.

由於兩件事實指向不同的方向 ,當然必須找出合理的原因來解釋.

(A) Major episodes of extinction can result from widespread environmental disturbances that affect numerous different species.

(A)的解釋完全打回事實一中提到的variety of ecological, geographical, and physiological variables. 又打回事實二中affect numerous different species.
不選A 還要選啥 ?

[kikisky]

哈哈哈~~

忍不住想問

GP = 雞婆 ザウブよ？？

[Calvin]

不愧是魚

一擊命中

[dibert8]

照理講,生物絶種因素複雜,也不同時,所有生物不應一時全部消失,但這由化石記錄卻發生了,尋求解釋.
(A) 一因素 (environmental disturbances) 影響絶大多數, 是也.
(B) Certain ... particular => 要的字眼是 all
(C) Some ... => 要的字眼是 all
(D) recent times 時間不對, fossil record 想必是遠古時代; 出現 human 更不合理. 從 fossil 觀察到的現象, 想早在人類之前就發生完畢.
(E) 跟題意相反