GWD12-8~10

[ping0114]

Q8 to Q10:
Acting on the recommen-
dation of a British government
committee investigating the
Line high incidence in white lead
(5) factories of illness among
employees, most of whom
were women, the Home Sec-
retary proposed in 1895 that
Parliament enact legislation
(10) that would prohibit women from
holding most jobs in white lead
factories. Although the
Women’s Industrial Defence
Committee (WIDC), formed
(15) in 1892 in response to earlier
legislative attempts to restrict
women’s labor, did not dis-
count the white lead trade’s
potential health dangers, it
(20) opposed the proposal, view-
ing it as yet another instance
of limiting women’s work
opportunities. Also opposing
the proposal was the Society
(25) for Promoting the Employment
of Women (SPEW), which
attempted to challenge it by
investigating the causes of ill-
ness in white lead factories.
(30) SPEW contended, and WIDC
concurred, that controllable
conditions in such factories
were responsible for the devel-
opment of lead poisoning.
(35) SPEW provided convincing
evidence that lead poisoning
could be avoided if workers
were careful and clean and
if already extant workplace
(40) safety regulations were
stringently enforced. How-
ever, the Women’s Trade
Union League (WTUL), which
had ceased in the late 1880’s
(45) to oppose restrictions on
women’s labor, supported the
eventually enacted proposal,
in part because safety regu-
lations were generally not
(50) being enforced in white lead
factories, where there were no
unions (and little prospect of
any) to pressure employers to
comply with safety regulations.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q8:
Which of the following, if true, would most clearly support the contention attributed to SPEW in lines 30-34 (“SPEW contended … lead poisoning”) ?

A. Those white lead factories that most strongly enforced regulations concerning worker safety and hygiene had the lowest incidences of lead poisoning among employees.
B. The incidence of lead poisoning was much higher among women who worked in white lead factories than among women who worked in other types of factories.
C. There were many household sources of lead that could have contributed to the incidence of lead poisoning among women who also worked outside the home in the late nineteenth century.
D. White lead factories were more stringent than were certain other types of factories in their enforcement of workplace safety regulations.
E. Even brief exposure to the conditions typically found in white lead factories could cause lead poisoning among factory workers.
Answer:


答案A
請問AB之差異在哪
總覺得都像對

[kikisky]

這兩天版大都不曉得跑去哪丸了??~
先由小的來伺候囉~
(而且你問的這題活像是cr題~應該請cr的版大們來才是^ ^)

第30行開始就先點明了SPEW contended的內容
" SPEW contended, and WIDC concurred, that controllable conditions in such factories were responsible for the development of lead poisoning. "

所以
接下來的是說明接下去的細節~
SPEW provided convincing evidence that lead poisoning could be avoided if workers were careful and clean and if already extant workplace safety regulations were stringently enforced.

所以在5個選項中
A是最接近文章說法的內容

至於B.
因為文章中並未提及other types of factories.
而且選項中有比較級的用法(...... higher .......than.....)
比較級表contrast
在文章中也沒有出現ㄋㄟ~

[agk99]

GWD-12-Q9:
According to the passage, the WIDC believed that the proposed legislation resembled earlier legislation concerning women’s labor in that it

A. caused divisiveness among women’s organizations
B. sought to protect women’s health
C. limited women’s occupational opportunities
D. failed to bolster workplace safety regulations
E. failed to make distinctions among types of factory work
Answer: C對映第 17行
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GWD-12-Q10:
The passage is primarily concerned with

A. presenting various groups’ views of the motives of those proposing certain legislation
B. contrasting the reasoning of various groups concerning their positions on certain proposed legislation
C. tracing the process whereby certain proposed legislation was eventually enacted
D. assessing the success of tactics adopted by various groups with respect to certain proposed legislation
E. evaluating the arguments of various groups concerning certain proposed legislation
Answer: 答案給B，可我坦白說，這題我不會解釋

總結:
WIDC的立場表面上支持婦女，事實上無法抵銷立法限制婦女的團體
SPEW是民間組織，積極找證據證明鉛中毒不是婦女的問題
WTUL早就放棄為婦女喉舌的責任，反而支持產業

到底文章中哪一句話看得出是講不同組織的"理由"，還是說這reasoning要做"合理性"來解釋?

[kikisky]

大哥是要問中文解釋嗎???
這個我最不會了~請版主來幫幫大哥的忙~~
不過
我想問的是
就算解釋出來是"理由" or "合理性" or 其他意思
這樣對選答案會有什麼影響呢????

如果硬要找出相關性的文章段落的話
我想
下面紅色關鍵字部份應該多少有點關係吧(因果關係)~

(25) for Promoting the Employment
of Women (SPEW), which
attempted to challenge it by
investigating the causes of ill-
ness in white lead factories.
(30) SPEW contended, and WIDC
concurred, that controllable
conditions in such factories
were responsible for the devel-
opment of lead poisoning.
(35) SPEW provided convincing
evidence that lead poisoning
could be avoided if workers

如果解釋的不好~請用力更正& 多包涵 ~~~(過年期間~神智喪失中~@@)

[Behemoth]

選b我想是因為全文其實都在講幾個group對某立法的立場沒錯吧~~

那就是選b最貼切囉

[davidlee0222]

看起來不速ㄝ~

先回應一下叮噹好了
妳引言的是只有SPEW那個組織的立場跟動機
應該不是從那兒判斷

這裡應該用回文定位定不出來
因為文章裡根本沒講
要依照全文大意來做判斷

依小弟看這裡reasoning就是CR的R那個字
是"邏輯推理"的意思

整篇文章就是在講一個相當機車的機構
要實施一個法案
而作者闡述各大組織的立場
以及支持/反對的動機邏輯


GWD-12-Q10:
The passage is primarily concerned with

A. presenting various groups’ views of the motives of those proposing certain legislation
呈現不同團體對於那些"提出法案的人的'動機'"的觀點
錯在是這些團體支持或反對的動機
而不是對"提出法案的人的動機"的觀點

B. contrasting the reasoning of various groups concerning their positions on certain proposed legislation
比對不同團體對於某法案的立場邏輯
完全正解

C. tracing the process whereby certain proposed legislation was eventually enacted
追朔...
看到追朔就知道錯了
追碩某法案終究被實施的過程
並不是在講過程
而是在講各團體支持或的立場跟背後邏輯

D. assessing the success of tactics adopted by various groups with respect to certain proposed legislation
提出不同團體對某法案採納的戰術成功
根本來亂的

E. evaluating the arguments of various groups concerning certain proposed legislation
評估...
看到評估就知道錯了
根本沒在評估什麼東東
只有純轉述一堆團體立場跟動機
"評估不同團體對於某法案的各自論述"
無關

[davidlee0222]

埃喲喂~
B爺還是被你捷足先登了

小弟是說不是像叮噹講的啦
小弟跟B爺看法相同

[clelia]

我想問一個問題。
請問Q10的evaluate這個字。
是不是evaluate要有作者個人的正反面意見的才叫evaluate。
如果是一群人的意見而沒有作者的意見就不能用"evaluate"
不是單就這一題哦。是針對這個字。
因為我想當做判斷答案的準則。
請大家幫忙囉~謝謝!!!

[agk99]

我個人認為，第十題是考你對原文的認識
原文的結構翻來覆去都是說這幾個團體的看法，但重點是作者沒有進來表達意見
所以大概就是discribe, contrast....
而evaluate正如你所說，是必須加入作者看法的

[clelia]

謝謝大哥。
還想請問一下Q8:
Which of the following, if true, would most clearly support the contention attributed to SPEW in lines 30-34 (“SPEW contended … lead poisoning”) ?

A. Those white lead factories that most strongly enforced regulations concerning worker safety and hygiene had the lowest incidences of lead poisoning among employees.
B. The incidence of lead poisoning was much higher among women who worked in white lead factories than among women who worked in other types of factories.
C. There were many household sources of lead that could have contributed to the incidence of lead poisoning among women who also worked outside the home in the late nineteenth century.
D. White lead factories were more stringent than were certain other types of factories in their enforcement of workplace safety regulations.
E. Even brief exposure to the conditions typically found in white lead factories could cause lead poisoning among factory workers.

D錯在哪裡。
答案是A很明確。也比D好
只是D說 white lead factory比其他的公司對其安全措施有更嚴厲的管理。
不能support SPEW的看法，有管理就會不危險，所以white lead factory不危險嗎??

我想要有個更強烈的理由讓我可以不在AD間懷疑。謝謝!!

[davidlee0222]

SPEW說是因為環境問題
而且環境裡的白鉛是可以控制的

第8提問如何support
這提考邏輯
A說有遵循環境規定的就不會危害員工健康
直接支持SPEW

D是無關選項
White lead factories were more stringent than were certain other types of factories in their enforcement of workplace safety regulations
白鉛工廠比其他類工廠更嚴格執行職安規定
跟非白鉛工廠比沒有意義
也超出範圍

文章重點是同樣是白鉛工廠
都有工廠安全規定
但有的根本不遵守放給它爛
SPEW說沒遵守規定才是主因
因此D不選
而A直接支持

要注意邏輯提是要針對他的argument論點
來進行支持或反對

[dibert8]

GWD-12-Q10:
The passage is primarily concerned with
A. presenting various groups’ views of the motives of those proposing certain legislation
B. contrasting the reasoning of various groups concerning their positions on certain proposed legislation
C. tracing the process whereby certain proposed legislation was eventually enacted
D. assessing the success of tactics adopted by various groups with respect to certain proposed legislation
E. evaluating the arguments of various groups concerning certain proposed legislation

文章流程: proposal --> WIDC (oppose) --> SPEW (oppose) --> WTUL (support)

(A) 不是講 motives (動機)
(B) 講各家立場的 reasoning
(C) 沒有 tracing
(D) 沒提 success of tactics
(E) evaluating 要有作者意見 (文章僅陳述,沒有意見)
覺得應該選 (B)