og-20

[dawn]

20. An array of tax incentives has led to a boom in the construction of new office buildings; so abundant has capital been for commercial real estate that investors regularly scour the country for areas in which to build.

(A) so abundant has capital been for commercial real estate that
(B) capital has been so abundant for commercial real estate, so that
(C) the abundance of capital for commercial real estate has been such,
(D) such has the abundance of capital been for commercial real estate that
(E) such has been an abundance of capital for commercial real estate,


想請問的是選項(D)

OG的解釋： Choice A is best. The construction so abundant has capital been... that correctly and clearly expresses the relationship between the abundance and the investors' response. In choice B, the repetition of so is illogical and unidiomatic. Choices C, D, and E alter somewhat the intended meaning of the sentence; because of its position in these statements, such functions to mean "of a kind" rather than to intensify abundant. Choice D awkwardly separates has and been, and the omission of that from C and E makes those choices ungrammatical.

Q1：.紅字部分說選項(D)的錯誤是將has 和 been分開了
可是我查文法書，書上說：so、such是部分倒裝，動詞無須提前，就像正確答案選項(A)一樣
那為何ETS要在解釋中突然冒出這句話呢?

Q2：藍字部分，ETS解釋 such 意指 of a kind (同一類)，所以改變了句子的意思，可是其實是有such...that...的用法

ex. He is such a good teacher that all his pupils like him.

到這裡，突然發現好像沒辦法還原(D)，因為例句such修飾的是受詞，而(D)中such修飾的是主詞，是因為這樣，所以ETS才會把such解釋成 of a kind，而不認為是倒裝句，所以才有紅字部分的解釋嗎?

[christina]

[b].

Q1：.紅字部分說選項(D)的錯誤是將has 和 been分開了
可是我查文法書，書上說：so、such是部分倒裝，動詞無須提前，就像正確答案選項(A)一樣
那為何ETS要在解釋中突然冒出這句話呢?

Q2：藍字部分，ETS解釋 such 意指 of a kind (同一類)，所以改變了句子的意思，可是其實是有such...that...的用法

ex. He is such a good teacher that all his pupils like him.

到這裡，突然發現好像沒辦法還原(D)，因為例句such修飾的是受詞，而(D)中such修飾的是主詞，是因為這樣，所以ETS才會把such解釋成 of a kind，而不認為是倒裝句，所以才有紅字部分的解釋嗎?

c,d,e的句意such,後面有省略詞吧,such (an array of tax incentives)..
接著OG又解釋D的選項把has been分開了,所以又錯,
而不是D在這裡是倒裝句...
你舉的例句such的意思也是of a kind的喔~
這是我的解讀啦,有錯請牛大大訂正,謝謝!

[dawn]

.

Q1：.紅字部分說選項(D)的錯誤是將has 和 been分開了
可是我查文法書，書上說：so、such是部分倒裝，動詞無須提前，就像正確答案選項(A)一樣
那為何ETS要在解釋中突然冒出這句話呢?

Q2：藍字部分，ETS解釋 such 意指 of a kind (同一類)，所以改變了句子的意思，可是其實是有such...that...的用法

ex. He is such a good teacher that all his pupils like him.

到這裡，突然發現好像沒辦法還原(D)，因為例句such修飾的是受詞，而(D)中such修飾的是主詞，是因為這樣，所以ETS才會把such解釋成 of a kind，而不認為是倒裝句，所以才有紅字部分的解釋嗎?

c,d,e的句意such,後面有省略詞吧,such (an array of tax incentives)..
接著OG又解釋D的選項把has been分開了,所以又錯,
而不是D在這裡是倒裝句...
你舉的例句such的意思也是of a kind的喔~
這是我的解讀啦,有錯請牛大大訂正,謝謝!

先謝謝您的解答，不過我還是不太懂(我太笨了... )

我查了Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
such有三種詞性：adjective、pronoun、adverb

1.[b]adjective

(1) a : of a kind or character to be indicated or suggested
<a bag such as a doctor carries>
b : having a quality to a degree to be indicated
<his excitement was such that he shouted>

(2) : of the character, quality, or extent previously indicated or implied
<in the past few years many such women have shifted to full-time jobs>

(3) : of so extreme a degree or quality
<never heard such a hubbub>

(4) : of the same class, type, or sort
<other such clinics throughout the state>

(5) : not specified


2.pronoun

(1) : such a person or thing
(2) : someone or something stated, implied, or exemplified
<such was the result>
(3) : someone or something similar : similar persons or things
<tin and glass and such>

3.adverb

(1) a : to such a degree : SO
<such tall buildings> <such a fine person>
b : VERY, ESPECIALLY
<hasn't been in such good spirits lately>

(2) : in such a way
<related such that each excludes the other>

如果選項(D)不是倒裝句，我會覺得such在這裡是pronoun，作such a person or thing解，而非 adjective，作of a kind 解，所以選項(D)應該還是倒裝句吧

不過看了on-line dictionary的例句
his excitement was such that he shouted
再看選項(C)
猜想選項(D)應該是
the abundance of capital for commercial real estate has been such that...的倒裝句
倒裝之後應該是：such has been the abundance of capital for commercial real estate that......
所以OG解釋才會說has been應該在一起

不過呢，我不太明白

capital has been so abundant for commercial real estate that
跟
the abundance of capital for commercial real estate has been such that
有什麼不同
such...that...本來就有having a quality to a degree to be indicated的解釋啊：(

[christina]

把全部such的詞性全部找出來

第一眼看到選項D,E不認為是倒裝句,such只是指代 An array of tax incentives ,我現在搞到頭有點昏了 ,.... (有大大可以回應一下嗎?...,謝謝~)
capital has been so abundant for commercial real estate that
強調如此"abundant",以致於...

the abundance of capital for commercial real estate has been such that
強調像"這樣(種類)"的XXX

[lightblue]

我的看法是
這題考such and so的用法
以d e 若是such是代名詞的話
這邊會有不知誰可代的狀況

而且 an abundance of capital
句意會很奇怪

另外 have been應該是在一起的
d的話應該就是所謂的分裂結構了

請大家參考

[ivygirl]

那正確答案A，把has been分開的原因是什麼？
A的文法我實在看不太懂... =.=

[michelle610]

A選項是把so abundant往前移的倒裝 表強調語氣 還原後 應是
capital has been so abundant........
直於D E為什麼不是倒裝呢
D選項中 若為倒裝 則還原後應看成
the abundance of capital has been such(such之後欲修飾的名詞為何呢 不知道)
E選項中 倒裝的用法就用錯了 故也不選

基本上勒 DE中 用了such....that這個用法 就已經有改變句意的嫌疑了
所以不選囉

此外補充一下
so....that的so是副詞 後通常接形容詞 常表示如此的程度 以致於
such....that的such形容詞 後通常接名詞 常表如此的種類 以致於
由於so與such的詞性不同 所以照理說所表之意義也不同 故不能相同(這是我覺得啦 有錯請指教)

[Kennethy]

請問一下答案A為什麼是so abundant has capital been for commerical.......
captial 放在has been 中間對嗎?

不是應該要把so 後面的句子 so abundant for commerical.....has been capital 整個移到前面來嗎?


謝謝

[dibert8]

因為前面的分號, (D) (E) 的 such 為第二個句子的主詞; 所以 such 事實上是一個代名詞, 就是OG 所講的 a kind of (an array of tax incentives), 因此改變了句意.

[dibert8]

請大家討論以下的做法:
abundant -> abundance (改變句意), 刪除 (C) (D) (E) , 剩下 (A) (B) 比較長短 => (A)

[mcpopcorn2001]

不好意思
為什麼abundant變abundance就算改變句意呢?

[dibert8]

印象裡是莫老常用的一招:詞性改變可能改變句意.
我想用意是這樣:詞性改變可能導致句型結構或修飾方式改變,所以常因此而改變句意.
拿這題為例. abundant (adj.) 所以 so 可以來修飾它,而應用 so ... that 的句型; 換成 abundance 之後, so ... that 不能用了,原來想強調 so abundant 就使不上來了,再怎麼改,句子的語氣也不會一樣,所以改變句意.
只是不知這招能不能當成通則?

[pimi]

OG上說D awkwardly把has 跟 been分開

那A把has跟bee分開就不awkwardly嗎??請問倒裝句型的has been是不是就得分開呢???

[pimi]

ㄟ~我自問自答好了
沒錯~
倒裝句型遇到has been就得分開, 講明白就是句中有助動詞時, 該助動詞與主詞倒裝
ex:He has done so weel that he deserves our respect.
倒裝：So well has he done that he deserves our respect.

而D根本就不是倒裝句,所以沒事把has 跟been分開, 當然很awkward

[dibert8]

參考看看囉 (D)=> such abundance the capital has been for commercial real estate that...
GMAT 常考細微的差異, capital is abuntant 和 the abundance of capital 表達的是不一樣的事情(前者是 capital, 後者是 abundance). 所以仔細一看, (D) 改變句意了.

She is such a nice person that people like her.
Such a nice person she is that people like her.
SUch a nice person is she that people like her. (倒裝)
She is so nice that people like her.
So nice she is that people like her.
So nice is she that people like her. (倒裝)