考古題Form 35 Q12

[titin]

Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund, with the intention to sustain the state's economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves.

A fund, with the intention to sustain the state's economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves
B fund, the intention of which is to sustain the state's economy after they have exhausted their oil reserves
C fund intended to sustain the state's economy after oil reserves are exhausted
D fund intended to sustain the state's economy after exhausting its oil reserves
E fund that they intend to sustain the state's economy after oil reserves are exhausted


The answer is C

如果C對的話, 那應該也可以選D阿

而且為什麼不能選其他選項呢?

[Calvin]

to titin

想請問D的exhausting 動作者是何者？

[sklpeng]

樓上的問題很妙

通常被動少選
但是若在施加動作者不明確時用被動為佳
經典例子如下

My wallet was stolen.
因為不知道是誰偷的,所以用被動

此題有異曲同工之妙
D選會讓人誤會是Alasaka耗盡石油
但依常理判斷並非如此
故被動較佳

[gogotu]

to titin

想請問D的exhausting 動作者是何者？

這是一個好問題，也是解題的關鍵。
D不對，在於曲解原句的意思，把它還原，則成為：
Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund intended to sustain the state's economy after exhausting its oil reserves ===> Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund intended to sustain the state's economy after Alaska exhausts its oil reserves.
也就是說 alaska在用盡一油庫存之後，才會開始把錢存進這個fund。
選c較好，因為, after oil reservs are exhausted是在形容economy，亦即，這個fund是在因為石耗盡後的經濟。

[Calvin]

我記得OG 第一題有考類似的概念，titin不妨回頭再研究一下

[titin]

我會選到D的原因

是因為我會覺得是Alaska整個州消號完他的石油後,就開始存基金

我並不會覺得有什麼邏輯上不合理的地方

而我會覺得CD對我來說一樣的原因是

after oil reserves are exhausted

因為用被動

我會想成after oil reserves are exhausted by Alaska

所以我才會覺得疑惑

若以my wallet was stolen

因為不知道被誰偷所以用被動

但這裡我會覺得很明顯一定是被主詞耗盡石油



迷之聲:到底在考邏輯還是修辭阿??

[Calvin]

不知titin認為我醬的解讀合不合文法？

fundwhich was intended to sustain the state's economy after fund exhausting its oil reserves

after子句的邏輯主語變成是fund

如果可以的話，會不會有ambiguous的問題？

open to discuss

[christina]

不知titin認為我醬的解讀合不合文法？

fundwhich was intended to sustain the state's economy after fund exhausting its oil reserves

after子句的邏輯主語變成是fund

如果可以的話，會不會有ambiguous的問題？

open to discuss

同意calvin,
介詞片語修飾靠近的句子,而不是修飾前面遙不可及的Alaska ,中間又卡了分詞片語,感覺fund才是它省略掉的主詞

[titin]

萬分感謝~

終於讓我離清CD的差異了

但我還想問個問題

A的with片語修飾動詞deposit

有什麼地方讓A錯而不能選嗎?

[sklpeng]

事實上with引導之介係詞片語也可以修飾N
按句意我們當然知道是修飾deposit
但離片語最近的是名詞fundㄟ
fund 有intention就不倫不類了

此外its也有先行詞指代的問題

[titin]

所謂先行詞指代的問題,我覺得應該還好,因為沒劃線的部份也有its

"Alaska regularly deposits some of its...."

應該都是指Alaska,

若with引導的片語修飾deposit,

這句話應該就沒什麼問題

現在是卡在with片語到底是修飾deposit還是fund嗎?

所以A錯?

[meefoo]

對，,with到底修飾誰? 因為不清楚，所以A不是好句子

[Ace]

莫老講法是fund自己會有intention嗎 所以A錯 脫節

我自己覺得確實with在很多題目中都是錯誤選項候選人
要小心得宜

另外我當初也是選D選項
後來看到筆記
莫老說若動作發生在前則不改分詞
after是個弔詭的聯接詞
雖然譯為之後 但實際意思是after之後所做的動作已經發生在前
所以D錯