[問題]Fei Fei-97

[henryhao]

[size=18]97. A scientific theory is a good theory if it satisfies two requirements: it must accurately describe a large class of observations in terms of a model that is simple enough to contain only a few elements, and it must make definite predictions about the results of future observations. For example, Aristotle’s cosmological theory, which claimed that everything was made out of four elements---earth, air, fire, and water---satisfied the first requirement, but it did not make any definite predictions. Thus, Aristotle’s cosmological theory was not a good theory.
If all the statements in the passage are true, each of the following must also be true EXCEPT:
(A) Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by any good scientific theory
(B) Observation of physical phenomena was not a major concern in Aristotle’s cosmological theory.
(C) For elements can be the basis of a scientific model that is simple enough to meet the simplicity criterion of a good theory.
(D) A scientific model that contains many elements is not a good theory.
(E) Aristotle’s cosmological theory described a large class of observations in terms of only four elements.

好的科學理論需要滿足兩個要件。1. 將大範圍觀察以簡單到只包含幾項基本要素的模型精確描述。 2. 對於未來觀察結果做出明確的預測。

（A）對於未來觀察結果的預測，一定由好的科學理論做出。

個人認為，題目當中只提到"好的理論→明確預測"，並不代表此一邏輯可逆向解釋，而推出預測一定由好的理論做出。

以上是我的疑問，煩請指教，謝謝。[/size]

[Pufa]

同意你的推理。
我認為答案是B。

[zuckzhc]

我本來也是選A, 後來我看了一看忽然覺得這題好像在考SC

(A) Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by any good scientific theory

任何好的科學理論都要能做出對未來觀察的預測


henryhao兄的翻譯"對於未來觀察結果的預測，一定由好的科學理論做出",應該是寫成下面的句子
Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by a good scientific theory

這應該就是為何A不能選的原因吧
說真的,feifei真的讓我抓狂,好像腦筋急轉彎

open to discuss

[henryhao]

真是腦筋急轉彎，這樣解釋我就理解了。
謝謝zuckzhc大大。

[henryhao]

問了一個朋友
他幫我稍微解釋了一下，覺得用英文解釋的效果更清楚
請各位參考

1. Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by any good scientific theory.
任何好的科學理論都要能做出對未來觀察的預測
The author wants to stress that a good theory will enable u to do predictions, whereas a bad theory doesn't.

2. Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by a good scientific theory.
對於未來觀察結果的預測，一定由好的科學理論做出
You don't want to stress that any theory will do, just a (non-pecified) theory will make good prediction.

[zuckzhc]

感謝感謝