[問題]天山 7-13

[SugarChunda]

Q13:
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage from feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. Therefore, if the population of these other species were increased, the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium?and hence the number of people contracting Lyme disease—would likely decline.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A. Ticks do not suffer any adverse consequences from carrying the bacterium that causes Lyme disease in humans.
B. There are no known cases of a human’ s contracting Lyme disease through contact with white-footed mice.
C. A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.
D. A single host animal can be the source of bacteria for many tick larvae.
E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.

Ans. C
這一題我是用刪去法選到正確答案的. 但看了半天不太了解C和題目敘述的關聯性在哪裡. 希望各位高手幫忙解惑 ! 謝謝 !

PS. 題目最後一句話的中間原本就有一個詭異的問號, 而且好像有漏字.

[liwuu]

我想那個問號處,應該是說the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would decline...
選C是因為可以將時間都鎖定在larval age,在同一時間中,互搶infected white-footed mice...否則可能避得了larval age但在其他階段仍可能會帶菌

[maronchen1103]

我的看法不太一樣喔
題目已經說了generally picked up the bacterium in the larval stage from eating infected white-footed mice.
已經排除了其他stage感染的可能性

C是說deer tick在larval stage只吃一次
只要other species 數量增加...那這一次很有可能就是吃到other species...因此不會染細菌...不會傳染給人...支持結論

如果他不只吃一次的話....可能吃完other species後繼續吃mice...照樣染病傳染給人

參考看看

[hohobear]

我想，這�的other species應是指其它種類的deer ticks，並不是其他種類的白腳老鼠!!
other species的ticks在幼蟲階段進食並不會受到Lyme 細菌的感染。 而c選項則保證了此ticks在它的餘生也不會受到感染。


另附上DEER TICKS的小生平

COLOR: Dark-colored

DESCRIPTION: Deer ticks are small, dark-colored ticks sometimes called seed ticks. Deer ticks feed mostly on deer, cattle, and other large animals, but they will feed on people when they get a chance.

HABITAT: These ticks are found along paths, trails, and roadways.

TYPE OF DAMAGE: May inflict a painful bite. Deer ticks can carry Lyme disease. Deer ticks are in the genus Ixodes, and there are several species of Ixodes that carry the Lyme disease bacteria in their systems. Lyme disease has become a notable tick-borne disease in some eastern states but does not appear to be a problem in Virginia yet. It is an affliction that occurs in the summer months. This tick-transmitted bacterial disease is most likely to be contracted during the months of June through September, when young people and adults are outdoors. It is spreading rapidly, and is now the most frequently diagnosed tick-transmitted illness in the United States. Lyme disease is also becoming a veterinary problem. Dogs and horses in areas where the disease is common have developed joint problems that veterinarians believe to be caused by Lyme bacteria.

CONTROL: Lyme disease can be treated successfully with antibiotics administered orally. See your doctor.

INTERESTING FACTS: Lyme disease was first reported in Connecticut in 1975, and is named after the town of Lyme in which the disease was first observed.

======================
看完其生平才知道，牠竟是在我很想去的 connecticut 那�發現的!! 喔!! 天呀

[michelle610]

好恐怖的生平唷!!!
Lyme disease 也出現在OG第10版閱讀第20篇唷!!!雖然只有出現一下下啦
如果有人"有興趣"可以去看看

[Janet]

Q13:
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage from feeding on infected white-footed mice. [color=orange]However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. [/color]Therefore, if the population of these other species were increased, the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium?and hence the number of people contracting Lyme disease—would likely decline.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A. Ticks do not suffer any adverse consequences from carrying the bacterium that causes Lyme disease in humans.
B. There are no known cases of a human’ s contracting Lyme disease through contact with white-footed mice.
C. A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.
D. A single host animal can be the source of bacteria for many tick larvae.
E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.

Ans. C
這一題我是用刪去法選到正確答案的. 但看了半天不太了解C和題目敘述的關聯性在哪裡. 希望各位高手幫忙解惑 ! 謝謝 !
.

看完上面各位大大敘述,我還是不覺得C很好.

題目上面說:幼蟲階段餵食的其他種類的老鼠則沒有帶病菌(注意on which.之中which帶other species,所以還原是 larvae feed on other species.Certain other species do not harbor the bacterium)
[color=orange]However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. [/color]

反觀 e不是把題目重說一便,這樣不是很好嗎?

為何cd與咖啡店的答案都是C呢?

真的好恐怖!我快考試了..信心大受打擊

[維尼]

Q13:
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage from feeding on infected white-footed mice. [color=orange]However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. [/color]Therefore, if the population of these other species were increased, the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium?and hence the number of people contracting Lyme disease—would likely decline.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A. Ticks do not suffer any adverse consequences from carrying the bacterium that causes Lyme disease in humans.
B. There are no known cases of a human’ s contracting Lyme disease through contact with white-footed mice.
C. A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.
D. A single host animal can be the source of bacteria for many tick larvae.
E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.

Ans. C
這一題我是用刪去法選到正確答案的. 但看了半天不太了解C和題目敘述的關聯性在哪裡. 希望各位高手幫忙解惑 ! 謝謝 !
.

看完上面各位大大敘述,我還是不覺得C很好.

題目上面說:幼蟲階段餵食的其他種類的老鼠則沒有帶病菌(注意on which.之中which帶other species,所以還原是 larvae feed on other species.Certain other species do not harbor the bacterium)
[color=orange]However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. [/color]

反觀 e不是把題目重說一便,這樣不是很好嗎?

為何cd與咖啡店的答案都是C呢?

真的好恐怖!我快考試了..信心大受打擊

e選項不是轉移到 other bacteria 去了?!

[Janet]

Q13:
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage from feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. Therefore, if the population of these other species were increased, the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium?and hence the number of people contracting Lyme disease—would likely decline.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?


C. A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.

E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.

Ans. C
.

看完上面各位大大敘述,我還是不覺得C很好.

題目上面說:幼蟲階段餵食的其他種類的老鼠則沒有帶病菌(注意on which.之中which帶other species,所以還原是 larvae feed on other species.Certain other species do not harbor the bacterium)
[color=orange]However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. [/color]

反觀 e不是把題目重說一便,這樣不是很好嗎?

為何cd與咖啡店的答案都是C呢?

真的好恐怖!我快考試了..信心大受打擊

e選項不是轉移到 other bacteria 去了?!

謝謝維尼...眼睛真的要"睜大"...對考試很重要!!!

[giraffe]

我想，這�的other species應是指其它種類的deer ticks，並不是其他種類的白腳老鼠!!
other species的ticks在幼蟲階段進食並不會受到Lyme 細菌的感染。 而c選項則保證了此ticks在它的餘生也不會受到感染。

這裡的other species 是被ticks feed on的啊......so 應該是跟

white-footed mice是同一級的東西吧....

[evelynsun]

還是不了解為何e選項是無關?

還請好心的大大們指點，感恩~~

[Austing]

Lyme 界由DT上的細菌傳人 在幼蟲時期 DT就會選好目標 依賴白腳老鼠的細菌維生(這時就受感染了) 但其他種類的ticks並不會 所以其他種類ticks增加的話 DT越來越少 這樣人類就不容易感染Lyme…

C. A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.--會不會感染就看這一次
E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.---out of scope

tag---larval stage
the population of these other species (ticks)
the number of ticks

[nomade]

請問一下
C選項的意思是: 因為deer tick 在幼蟲時期只吃一次,所以當other species 變多之後，deer tick 就比較難吃到white-footed mice(因為大家的食物都一樣),所以導致不容易傳染disease嗎?

[dibert8]

certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium
species 應該是 larva ticks 賴以為生的對象 --- white-footed mice.

不太懂 (C) '吃一次'跟 population 的關聯; 吃 N 次也是同一隻啊!被它寄生到了,管它幼蟲時吃幾次不是都會生病嗎?

覺得 (E) 比較合理:其它的老鼠身上不會有其他會使人染病的細菌,因此其它老鼠數量增加, tick 幼蟲吃到老鼠身上的 Lyme 細菌機率降低; tick 帶菌機率降低, 因此人感染到的機率就降低了.

這題考 assumption, 把 (E) 取非,就知道非它不可了.

[dibert8]

E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.---out of scope

(E) other 帶否定 => not other 在範圍內喔!

[dibert8]

對不起!來自首翻案了.

(E) 裡的 other bacteria 不會造成 Lyme disease ,因此取非也無法否定結論.(題目說其它老鼠不會帶傳染 Lyme disease 的菌,其它老鼠帶不帶其它的菌似乎無關痛癢) => 問題不在其它老鼠身上,那就是在原來那一種老鼠身上囉!

因為其他都不能選了,只剩 (C) 可想.之前一直不懂 (C) 在考什麼觀念,硬著頭皮一想,是不是老鼠帶一次菌(被咬一次),只會傳染一次,所以只要不重複被咬,就只有一次的傳染力?