GWD28~Q13~14

[CUGGYER]

Q13~15
Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, form an important art of the colorful signals used by many animals.解釋C Animals acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce them) or indirectly (by eating insects) and store them in a variety of tissues. 如何獲得C跟保存C
Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid-based coloration. C的用途
Owens and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration, would be meaningful in the context of mate selection if carotenoids were either rare or required for health. OO’s假設C 的需要是因1 稀少2健康
The conventional (Line 15) view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts. 傳統: C吃的比較多 代表更color and forage
Although this may be true, there is growing evidence that carotenoids are meaningful also because they(C)are required: they are used by the immune system and for detoxification processes that are important for maintaining health.
OO’s C可增進免疫系統跟對抗毒素
It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females. Males that are more susceptible to disease and parasites will have to use their carotenoids to boost their immune systems, whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.


28-13: Information in the passage suggests that which of the following is true of carotenoids that a male animal uses for detoxification processes?
A: They were not acquired directly from plants and algae 相反
B: They cannot be replenished through foraging. 相反
C: They cannot be used simultaneously to brighten coloration.相反
D: They do not affect the animal’s susceptibility to parasites.相反
E: They increase the chances that the animal will be selected as a mate.對

28-14: The passage suggests that relatively bright carotenoid-based coloration is a signal of which of the following characteristics in males of certain animal species?
C的用途
A: Readiness for mating behavior
B: Ability to fight
C: Particular feeding preferences
D: Recovery from parasite infestation
E: Fitness as a mate 有提到

28-15: According to the “conventional view” referred to in lines 14-15 of the passage, brighter carotenoid-based coloration in certain species suggests that an individual
FOCUS:FORAGE
A: lives in a habitat rich in carotenoid-bearing plants and insects
B: has efficient detoxification processes
C: has a superior immune system
D: possesses superior foraging capacity
E: is currently capable of reproducing

參考答案EED

[tsaowen]

Q13~15
Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, form an important art of the colorful signals used by many animals.解釋C Animals acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce them) or indirectly (by eating insects) and store them in a variety of tissues. 如何獲得C跟保存C
Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid-based coloration. C的用途
Owens and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration, would be meaningful in the context of mate selection if carotenoids were either rare or required for health. OO’s假設C 的需要是因1 稀少2健康
The conventional (Line 15) view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts. 傳統: C吃的比較多 代表更color and forage
Although this may be true, there is growing evidence that carotenoids are meaningful also because they(C)are required: they are used by the immune system and for detoxification processes that are important for maintaining health.
OO’s C可增進免疫系統跟對抗毒素
It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females. Males that are more susceptible to disease and parasites will have to use their carotenoids to boost their immune systems, whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.


28-13: Information in the passage suggests that which of the following is true of carotenoids that a male animal uses for detoxification processes?
A: They were not acquired directly from plants and algae 相反
B: They cannot be replenished through foraging. 相反
C: They cannot be used simultaneously to brighten coloration.相反
D: They do not affect the animal’s susceptibility to parasites.相反
E: They increase the chances that the animal will be selected as a mate.對

28-14: The passage suggests that relatively bright carotenoid-based coloration is a signal of which of the following characteristics in males of certain animal species?
C的用途
A: Readiness for mating behavior
B: Ability to fight
C: Particular feeding preferences
D: Recovery from parasite infestation
E: Fitness as a mate 有提到

28-15: According to the “conventional view” referred to in lines 14-15 of the passage, brighter carotenoid-based coloration in certain species suggests that an individual
FOCUS:FORAGE
A: lives in a habitat rich in carotenoid-bearing plants and insects
B: has efficient detoxification processes
C: has a superior immune system
D: possesses superior foraging capacity
E: is currently capable of reproducing

參考答案EED

GWD-28 13 答案給C
我是跟你一樣選E
是不是答案有錯
GWD 28好少人討論喔

[ariesmilla]

我的答案也是給C，但我覺得是E

[yvetteytseng]

whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.
1.這裡語氣轉折,說用較少的C TO fight for disease,可見一定量的C分配給 fight for disease 或變亮,所以從這句看起來應該是C
2.It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females
有人可能會說從這看出答案是e
但跟據徐文意老師上課的講法
考detail的地方要看在那提出
這李並不是說 detoxification processes
故位置不對不選
另外從翻議的角度
C是增加detoxification 能力OR for [color=darkred]attracting females
並不是因為
detoxification 而detoxification attracting females

不曉得能不能這樣解釋
我自己都覺的很牽強
請各位給點意見吧
28-13: Information in the passage suggests that which of the following is true of carotenoids that a male animal uses for detoxification processes?
A: They were not acquired directly from plants and algae 相反
B: They cannot be replenished through foraging. 相反
C: They cannot be used simultaneously to brighten coloration.相反
D: They do not affect the animal’s susceptibility to parasites.相反
E: They increase the chances that the animal will be selected as a mate.對

[stilalala]

我覺得答案是C
因為如果身體比較差的有了C之後既可以同時抵抗寄生蟲與解毒的話,
何來所謂的身體好的跟身體差的COLOR會有明亮之分呢

一定是一定量的C內,身體差的要挪用較多的C去抵抗寄生蟲或用來解毒
剩下來了才是可以用來讓自己more colorful -> attract female

相反的,一定量的c內,身體好的毋需那麼多的c來維持健康,就有比較多的c來變得colorful --> more attractive

也就是說either ...or 這兩種功能(maintain healthy 與 become more colorful )是無法同時並存的,如果同時可以maintain同時又可以colorful,
那大家身上的顏色不就都一樣了

所以e剛好相反,c若多半用來解毒 ,反而身體顏色不鮮艷,將難以吸引女性

一點看法 請多多指教

這是我再另一個帖子的回文
當參考嚕
可以在討論看看