[問題]PP-test(1)Q50.53.55 (reading)

[doll]

Because many predators kill only when their prey
is moving, an animal that pretends to be dead may
succeed in causing a predator to lose interest and
move along in search of more lively prey. Hognose
snakes have a complex repertoire of antipredator
mechanisms, of which feigning death is one option.
These fairly large nonvenomous or slightly venomous
snakes occur in sandy habitats in the eastern United
States. When first disturbed, the hognose opts for
bluffing the predator ---it flattens and expands the front
third of its body and head, forming a hood, causing
it to look larger. It then curls into an exaggerated
s-shaped coil and hisses, occasionally making
false strikes at its tormentor. When further provoked,
however, it drops the bluff and begins to twist its body
violently. Then it rolls onto its back with its mouth open
and tongue hanging out loosely. If the predator loses
interest in the “corpse” and moves away, the snake
slowly rights itself and crawls off.
The complete repertoire of antipredator
mechanisms occurs in young hognose snakes.
Researchers have shown that newborn snakes are
capable of making very subtle assessments of the
degree of threat posed by a particular predator.
Two experiments were conducted in which the
recovery from death-feigning (i.e., crawling away)
of newly hatched snakes under various conditions
was monitored. In one experiment the recovery of
snakes was monitored in the presence or absence of
a stuffed screech owl mounted on a tripod one meter
from the overturned snake. In another experiment
the snake recovered (1) in the presence of a human
staring at the snake from a distance of one meter,
(2) in the presence of the same person in the same
location but with eyes averted, and (3) in a control
condition in which no human was visible. Both the
presence of the owl and the direct human gaze
resulted in longer recovery times relative to the
respective control conditions. When the human
eyes were averted, the recovery time was
immediate. Thus, young snakes are capable
of using rather subtle cues to make adjustments
in their antipredator behavior.


50. When does the hognose snake
feign death?

A Immediately upon seeing a
predator
B When attempts to bluff a
predator fail
C After it has injured a predator
D When the predator begins to
lose interest
ans:b


53. The experiments described in
paragraph 2 measured how long
it took for snakes to

A notice a predator
B stop feigning death
C learn how to feign death
D recover from the attack of a
predator

ans:b

55. Which of the following is a subtle
assessment made by young snakes
that is mentioned in the passage?

A The difference between a
stuffed owl and a real owl
B How far a predator is located
C Whether or not they are being
observed
D The difference between an owl
and a human

ans:c

這3題看了好久我還是沒辦法在文章裡找出線索…
可以跟我說在哪裡找嗎?
謝謝

[micki]

頂~~~

[StanleyHuang]

50. When does the hognose snake
feign death?

B When attempts to bluff a
predator fail

第一段：
When first disturbed, the hognose opts for bluffing the predator................................When further provoked, however, it drops the bluff and begins to twist its body violently. Then it rolls onto its back with its mouth open and tongue hanging out loosely.

53. The experiments described in
paragraph 2 measured how long
it took for snakes to

B stop feigning death

第二段：
Two experiments were conducted in which the recovery from death-feigning (i.e., crawling away) of newly hatched snakes under various conditions was monitored.

55. Which of the following is a subtle
assessment made by young snakes
that is mentioned in the passage?

C Whether or not they are being
observed

最後一段：
Both the presence of the owl and the direct human gaze resulted in longer recovery times relative to the respective control conditions. When the human eyes were averted, the recovery time was immediate.