[問題]Prep-T1-Q124

[dibert8]

124.

Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.

(A) an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers
(B) an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems like water pollution, and if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, it
(C) if these fertilizers are used increasingly, they can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and if used as substitutions for more traditional fertilizers, they
(D) the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution
(E) the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems like water pollution, while their substitution for more traditional fertilizers




Ans: A

看到 (A) 有 their use, 後面選項有 usage, 馬上棄 (A) 而去. 是 their use, 還是 usage, 還是皆可?

[dibert8]

use (n.):用途,使用
usage (n.):用法,用量
use =/= usage

from Merriam-Webster,
use [noun]
1 the act or practice of employing something : EMPLOYMENT, APPLICATION <he made good use of his spare time>
2 habitual or customary usage
3 the privilege or benefit of using something <gave him the use of her car> <she had the use of the estate for life>
4 a : a particular service or end <put learning to practical use> b : the quality of being suitable for employment <saving things that might be of use> c : GOOD 2b <it's no use arguing>

usage [noun]
1 firmly established and generally accepted practice or procedure
2 the action, amount, or mode of using <a decreased usage of electricity>

[dibert8]

這題考 such as vs like, use vs usage, 平衡,代名詞,條件副詞子句,句意
舉利用 such as => (A) (C) (D)
(A) 平衡OK, 句意OK (use = 使用), their = fertilizers
(C) 條件副詞子句--- 改變句意
(D) usage (用法)--- 改變句意

[kotokolin]

這題真的很難, 選不到A
這樣解釋看看對不對, 大家來討論呀~~

(C) if these fertilizers are used increasingly, they can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and if used as substitutions for more traditional fertilizers, they
後面的they可能會錯誤指代traditional fertilizers, 但就算they說的是新的fertilizer也不對, 句意想說的是substitution這個動作

(D) (the increased usage of these fertilizers) can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while if (the increased usage of these fertilizers is) substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution

1- increased是=>"已經增加的", 表發生完成的狀態, 句意很怪, 通常是用increasing表逐漸增加, 或是用increase in....
2- while if後面省略的是前面的the increased usage of these fertilizers, 究竟是these fertilizers 取代還是the increased usage of these fertilizers 這整個取代

[dibert8]

(C) 有另外一個缺陷:被動少選(不簡潔).

(D) 有文法上的問題:
the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while {if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution ...}
if 子句省略的主詞 = 主要子句主詞 = substitution => 句意不合理.

[tristan]

關於(c)我判斷的時候,看到Whereas the use...., if these.........
副詞子句後面應該馬上接著主詞+動詞,所以就不選了

我想問的是while if的用法沒問題嗎? @@"

p.s原來D的主詞是substitution啊,我一直以為是the increased usage of these fertilizers,這樣我就懂了.. : )

[chencraig0227]

關於(c)我判斷的時候,看到Whereas the use...., if these.........
副詞子句後面應該馬上接著主詞+動詞,所以就不選了

我想問的是while if的用法沒問題嗎? @@"

p.s原來D的主詞是substitution啊,我一直以為是the increased usage of these fertilizers,這樣我就懂了.. : )

我想D的主詞應該是increased usage吧!
只有fertilizers或the use of fertilizer可以substituted for...
所以不管怎樣都不是increased usage(=\=use)

我對於正解A選項的their substitution非常有意見! 不會不清楚嗎?
作題時我第一個刪它...唉!!

[scottkidd]

請問(A)選項裡的their use及their substitution裡的their是指代什麼呢？
看起來像是synthetic fertilizers，不過好像又怪怪的，
我也是一開始就把(A)給刪掉了

[crazykai]

請問(A)選項裡的their use及their substitution裡的their是指代什麼呢？
看起來像是synthetic fertilizers，不過好像又怪怪的，
我也是一開始就把(A)給刪掉了

我想應該就是指代synthetic fertilizers

翻譯過來：這些合成肥料使用(次數)的增加.... and 傳統原料被合成原料(的這件事)...

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

[
我對於正解A選項的their substitution非常有意見! 不會不清楚嗎?
對呀,為什麼不是their substitutions?

sunnyblue13s大大補充:

[uncountable and countable]
when someone or something is replaced by someone or something else
Coach Ross made two substitutions in the second half.
substitution of something for something
the substitution of English for French as the world's common language

[sunnyblue13s]

Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.

(A) an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and (in) their substitution for more traditional fertilizers

Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and (in) their substitution for more traditional fertilizersmay accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.

whereas 解為有鑒於....

their 替代synthetic fertilizers ...使句意能簡潔又清楚....

Huang Hsin-Yi...我是小小...不是大大...

[lovemifi]

BCDE有明顯錯誤就不再討論,恕我只貼出選項A唷~

Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.

我覺得sunnyblue13s大大說theri指代synthetic fertilizers 好像怪怪的^^"

若根據就近指代原則應該代替到前面的many parts of the world吧? 而且邏輯上也比較符合

因為synthetic fertilizers 本身不會use應該是被use才對

另外我想要請教劃線部分的and前面為啥要加上逗號?

原句應該是:

Whereas S+ V, an increase in their use can create...and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate...

這樣才有平衡不是嗎?加個逗號感覺多餘 >"<

請多指教...

[sunnyblue13s]

Whereas S1 +V1.... , S2 + V2.....

S1 / S2 必須要為同類事物，才能比較!!