[問題]Prep-T1-Q139

[dibert8]

139.

On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.

(A) On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow
(B) On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are, it is believed, the rate of tree growth
(C) On Earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
(D) Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles, believed to be the tree growth rate
(E) Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow




Ans: E

among 當主詞?

[dibert8]

(A) that (= rate) 關代受格作 grow 的受詞,但是 grow (生長)為不及物動詞,所以 rate 不能當 grow 的受詞

(B) 倒裝句:主詞在後 (= rate), 動詞應該是單數 (is)

(C) as (連接詞)主詞省略,主詞同主要子句 = the rate {at which trees grow}. 所以 as seen... = as the rate {at which trees grow} is seen...

(D) 句子沒有主詞

(E) 主詞似乎是 rate; 倒裝.

這樣一來, (C) (E) 的差別在副詞 on Earth 的位置. 因為 sunspot 不在地球上, (C) 以 on earth 修飾全句就不合邏輯.

選 (E).

[dibert8]

關於 grow

Vi:生長,變成
Vt:種植,栽培

from Merriam-Webster
grow
[intransitive verb]
: to spring up and develop to maturity <trees that grow in the tropics>
: to pass into a condition : BECOME <grew pale>
[transitive verb]
: to cause to grow <grow wheat>
: to promote the development of <start a business and grow it successfully -- J. L. Deckter>

[A級垂耳兔]

[quote="dibert8"]139.

On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.

(A) On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow
(B) On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are, it is believed, the rate of tree growth
(C) On Earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
(D) Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles, believed to be the tree growth rate
(E) Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow


介詞在句首動詞名詞在後判定為倒裝句型 介詞+beV+S
A B主詞是the rate...動詞應用is...刪
C文法對但句子名詞位置錯誤造成未劃線their指代不清(根據代名詞優先代替原提主詞或就近指代原則)
D 沒有主詞

[hwatai]

今天看一則考古相關文章，讀到一段句子：

Through the region runs the Amu Dar'ya River, which was known in Greek history as the Oxus River.

結構上跟這題139一模一樣

次要結構要說明主要子句的主詞，但次要結構不使用同位語，而放在句尾，結果主要子句必須倒裝，次要結構才能就近修飾主要子句的主詞

所以這題CE決戰就很清楚選E；如果作答不去看未劃線的部份，大概就很難決擇吧

[nemolee]

(A) that (= rate) 關代受格作 grow 的受詞,但是 grow (生長)為不及物動詞,所以 rate 不能當 grow 的受詞

(B) 倒裝句:主詞在後 (= rate), 動詞應該是單數 (is)

(C) as (連接詞)主詞省略,主詞同主要子句 = the rate {at which trees grow}. 所以 as seen... = as the rate {at which trees grow} is seen...

(D) 句子沒有主詞

(E) 主詞似乎是 rate; 倒裝.

這樣一來, (C) (E) 的差別在副詞 on Earth 的位置. 因為 sunspot 不在地球上, (C) 以 on earth 修飾全句就不合邏輯.

選 (E).

根據上面所提到的倒裝，主詞在後面
有個小問題，對於選項 D 的部份：句子沒有主詞
D 選項中的 the tree growth rate 不是也可以當作主詞嗎?
我是把它看成 the + n. + n. + n. 一組名詞...

知道這個問的有點小笨..

[chencraig0227]

介詞+beV+S
倒裝句構固定用法，(D)中間夾了"逗號"破壞倒裝句構....王子變青蛙....因此沒有主詞。

[nemolee]

對介詞+beV+S這部份，沒有問題。

D 選項中的 the tree growth rate 不是也可以當作主詞嗎?
( 我是把它看成 the + n. + n. + n. 一組名詞... )

我的問題可能沒說清楚：是問 the tree growth rate不是也可以當主詞嗎? 而 D選項中的believed不也是動詞嗎? 也可以形成倒裝... 那在修辭筆記當中看到以及版上的人說選項D沒主詞? 這個部份還是不了解?

唯一所想到的是 D 選項中的介詞 on earth 已挪回到了主題句，所以整句話已經不是倒裝句構，其後不能倒裝，要用正常句構。再加上原題主詞是 the rate 與 D選項中的 the tree growth rate 的意思跑掉了，所以改變句意。

討論討論...

[chencraig0227]

原句長相應該是：The rate at which trees grow is believe to be among....

倒裝後：Among.... is believed to be the rate at which trees grow

第一：你把倒裝後is拉掉，導致環原後的原句沒有be動詞(反藍部份)，錯!!

第二：E選項因為不符合還原句構(因為夾逗號)，所以用句子的"五大句構"來看E選項不是完整的句子。