Pre-T1-45

[lucyyeh]

45.

The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining that their diets were more varied than had been supposed.

(A) The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining
(B) Through the application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors were examined by scientists who determined
(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining
(D) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors have been examined by scientists, who determined
(E) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined

請問一下正確答案E選為什麼是用完成式，我知道這題無路可選一定要選E，但覺得用完成式不能理解，請問與用過去式有什麼不同的含意嗎?

[dibert8]

完成式表示動作已經完成.
用過去式應該無妨.

可以請教不選 (C) 的原因?

[vantreal]

完成式表示動作已經完成.
用過去式應該無妨.

可以請教不選 (C) 的原因?

(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining

they = scientists
但題目中的 their diets 不是 scientists 的

[lucyyeh]

我早上腦筋有點糊塗了，連簡單的present perfect用法都忘了
我把以下網站上內容摘錄給大家看
http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/Tenses4.cfm

五種使用現在完成式的時機
Present perfect, function
The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.

The present perfect is used to describe:

1.An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. Example: I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)

2. An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. Example: She has been to the cinema twice this week (= and the week isn't over yet.)

3. A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. Example: We have visited Portugal several times.
--->此題就是這個用法

4. An action that was completed in the very recent past, (expressed by 'just'). Example: I have just finished my work.

5. An action when the time is not important. Example: He has read 'War and Peace'. (the result of his reading is important)

過去簡單式(simple past) 才是表示過去已經完成的事

http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/Tenses9.cfm

Simple past, function

The simple past is used to talk about a completed action in a time before now. Duration is not important. The time of the action can be in the recent past or the distant past.

You always use the simple past when you say when something happened, so it is associated with certain past time expressions

以前把present perfect, past perfect, 這個perfect翻成"完成"的人真是害死中國人，三不五時就搞混，題外話，那個perfect根本不是英文字

因此這題，按我理解的句意句意以及常理，用present perfect應該是合理的, 因為阿，文中既提及new method， 應該還要再用一陣子，...

那個(C)選，Tense我覺得還可以接受，When以下的句子全部都在敘述"當年"的事，當年他們用了一個新方法(當年所謂新)，科學家如何如何.....

我個人分析的結果，(C)選最致命的錯誤在以下兩處
1. ", determining"造成的句意的模糊，讓人誤以為修飾ancestors, 先人是不能再來決定什麼事情了，不如用一個and把科學家做的兩件事連起來的清楚‧
2. When "they"....要是我寫作文也不會這樣起頭，因為這是第一句，讀者也都還不知道誰是"they" ... 這樣強迫讀者要自己去連結後面的scientist或ancestor or who..這太勉強了

謝謝大家踴躍的回應讓我又仔細思考一回!

[kaijen]

請問(B)為何不選? 是脫節嗎?
Through翻譯成"透過..的方法" 主詞一定要是科學家嗎?
因為如果用中文想好像都講的通..

另外(E) their感覺好像會指代scientists 因為科學家才是主詞呀..
即使不指代scientists 也應該代替molars
怎麼樣也輪不到ancestors..
從來沒看過 N1+介係詞+N2 的結構下 後面的代名詞可以代替N2的...

[hey]

molars是物, 怎麼會through application呢? application是由apply轉化而來的, 如果物不能apply,其當然無法through application.
their所代的主詞一定是ancestors, 因為molars不會diets, 如果整句唸通的話, 會知道their也不可能代scientists...