PREP-T2-Q21

[sleekcar]

21. (25520-!-item-!-188;#058&002357)

Before scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadavers.

(A) scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly
(B) scientists had learned about making a synthetic growth hormone, they had to remove it painstakingly
(C) scientists learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed
(D) learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly
(E) learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed by scientists

答案是C 小弟想請問D為甚麼不對 :)

[dibert8]

painstakingly 有修飾歧異
scientists had to {remove it painstakingly} vs {scientists had to remove it} painstakingly

[dibert8]

這裡也有討論 http://www.formosamba.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=26491

[Kal-El]

dibert8前輩
你的ambiguity為何和聯結的不同
人家是painstakingly-->(remove) or (in small amounts)
您老人家的
scientists had to {remove it painstakingly} vs {scientists had to remove it} painstakingly這應該都是修飾remove吧?

[dibert8]

painstakingly 的確可能有雙向修飾的歧異,但是 painstakingly in small amounts 蠻明顯講不通,應該不至於混淆 (i.e. 如果斷句在 ...painstakingly 並不會造成歧異).
scientists had to {remove it painstakingly} 修飾 remove, 意思是 remove 這個動作 (i.e. 操作上)為難;
{scientists had to remove it} painstakingly 修飾前面句子,主詞是 scientists, 所以是 scientists 為難.這裡為難不見得是 remove 本身的緣故,而是儀器,技術,法令,副作用,體力,... 讓 scientists 為 remove it 這事感到棘手.
沒有歧異的修飾位置應該是 scientists had to painstakingly remove it, 修飾 remove, 寫成被動就是 (C) 的樣子.

[Kal-El]

謝～

[Kal-El]

D:是代N錯, it代a synthetic growth hormone~錯了

[阿琪]

分享個人的觀點…

(a)(b)(d)中的 make a synthetic growth hormone 的表達不準確也不簡潔，因為 make a 是表達出"how to 做出一個合成的成長hormone"

(c)中的"synthesize" the growth hormone的表達精確：how to 合成出成長hormone

清楚表達synthesize的動作

至於it 則是指代前面的唯一單數名詞 the growth hormone(每個選項都有it…不太會是考點！)

至於雙向修飾…感覺不太出來><，但副詞若能接近所修飾的動詞，相對來說會比較好！

以上參考

[willyyang]

(c) it = growth hormone
(d) it = synthetic growth hormone

(d) 不對在邏輯怪異，科學家都還沒合成出來，就要把 synthetic growth hormone 去除，講不過去； (c)可以避免這個邏輯上的問題

[little8]

小妹不牛,但有個想法也想分享看看...
我想重要的考點以上大大都說明相當清楚了,我想補充的是..

因為這兩個動作有發生的先後:是要"先"將hermone移除,"再"去合成
都常有先後發生的動作,不太適合改成ving,一方面ving表示一直發生,再來會看不出動作的發生時間....
大家可以比較一下(C)和(D)(E)在動詞上寫法的差異...

(C) scientists learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed
(D) learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly
(E) learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed by scientists

如有不對,還懇請大牛們指證嚕~