[問題]Prep-T2-Q147

[dibert8]

147.

Australian embryologists have found evidence that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.

(A) that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved
(B) that has suggested the elephant descended from an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving
(C) suggesting that the elephant had descended from an aquatic animal with its trunk originally evolving
(D) to suggest that the elephant has descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved
(E) to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved



Ans: E

從哪裡下手好呢?

[jamesbegins]

1.suggest that... and that... 講兩件事 各用that子句平衡

2.講一個既定事實用現在式就好不要完成式

[dibert8]

(A) 有什麼不妥嗎?
(E) 裡用 to suggest 的意義何在? 如果是時態的緣故(不一致),用 suggesting 是不是可以解決問題?

[yvetteliao]

A的結構是Australian embryologists have found evidencethat suggests that the elephant ...,and its trunk
E的結構是evidence to suggest that the elephant ...and that its trunk

所以A的its trunk變成了與Australian embryologists同等地位的主要結構
但是E則可以清楚看出its trunk的訊息其實只是補述evidence的另一部份資訊
所以E會比較好

至於to suggest和suggesting的部分
我也還沒悟出來

[qqtell]

我的個人看法
suggesting , to suggest 在這題裡都沒有問題

(A)的問題如yvetteliao所說 and前加, 和主要的句子並列語意有誤

(B)has suggested 時態似乎沒有必要要使用完成式

suggest 後應接that 名詞子句說明建議的內容

(C)had suggested 使用過去完成式沒有依據

使用with表伴隨狀態 原題目指的是兩件事 如此一來會把演化變成修飾大象

(D)說明事實用現在式 看不出使用完成式的必要性


我有問題的是E選項

and that its trunk.... 的that是否必要??

原題意並沒有很清楚的表示這個證據可以說明兩件並列的事情

若是把這邊的that去掉 表示後代和演化這件事情並列在第一個that子句下

且使用代名詞指代elephant也很清楚



煩請不吝賜教

[dibert8]

and that its trunk.... 的that是否必要??

那個 that 是有必要的.
沒有 that 會導致 and 不清楚和誰 (elephant? animal?) 平衡.

[阿琪]

考點：
1、that 或 to
2、完成式與否
3、and 之後是否要用that

判斷
1、基本上 suggest 在五個選項中都是可行的，但a的 that suggest that …兩個that 有多餘的現象，可以用一個that (例如其它4個選項)就可表達囉！ 故刪a
2、表實事…不須用完成式 刪 b、c、d
3、最後只剩e ( 再進一步判斷 and that 是否可行…；平行的結構，確認正確)

[Kal-El]

請問為何是evolve as而不是evolve from呢?

[puthing]

and that its trunk.... 的that是否必要??

那個 that 是有必要的.

沒有 that 會導致 and 不清楚和誰 (elephant? animal?) 平衡.

請教一下，你的意思是：有可能會變成that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved

大象是從aquatic animal 跟its trunk 演化而來，邏輯錯誤嗎？

另外，suggest在這邊應該是當暗示的意思嗎？

[dibert8]

恭喜! (大象的確不會從自己的鼻子演化而來.)
(D) to suggest that the elephant has descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved
省掉 (E) 的那個 that 產生至少兩個問題,使得句意模糊 (i.e. 不簡潔)
1. 如前所述, and 不知是哪兩個平衡? animal , trunk (=> evolved 作過去分詞); 還是 elephant, trunk (=> evolved 時態?)
2. 就前一點所看出的問題: evolved 是過去式,還是完成式(省略 has)? 因為省略 that, 會不會連 has 也一起省呢?
相對的 (E) 就很清楚: that 子句和 that 子句平衡,時態一個現在式,一個過去式,毫不含糊. evolved 的主被動以及時態都被定義住了,無處可躲,也沒有別的詮釋;這就是簡潔了.

同意 suggest 作"暗示"解.