PP-T1-Q15

[chris8888]

Astronomer: Observations of the Shoemaker-Levi comet on its collision course with Jupiter showed that the comet broke into fragments before entering Jupiter's atmosphere in 1994, but they did not show how big those fragments were. In hopes of gaining some indication of the fragments' size, astronomers studied spectrographic analyses of Jupiter's outer atmosphere. These analyses revealed unprecedented traces of sulfur after the fragments' entry. The fragments themselves almost certainly contained no sulfur, but many astronomers believe that the cloud layer below Jupiter's outer atmosphere does contain sulfur. Since sulfur would have seeped into the outer atmosphere if comet fragments had penetrated this cloud layer, it is likely that some of the fragments were at least large enough to have passed through Jupiter's outer atmosphere without being burned up.

In the astronomer's argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first presents a circumstance for which the astronomer offers an explanation; the second is part of that explanation.
(B) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.
(C) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion of the argument; the second provides evidence in support of that conclusion.
(D) The first provides evidence in support of the conclusion of the argument; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that conclusion.
(E) The first is a judgment advanced in support of the conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.


我選A, 但不知道位什麼是E, 另外weigh against該怎解釋? 考慮? 權衡?

[chris8888]

Astronomer: Observations of the Shoemaker-Levi comet on its collision course with Jupiter showed that the comet broke into fragments before entering Jupiter's atmosphere in 1994, but they did not show how big those fragments were(在描述一件觀察到的事). In hopes of gaining some indication of the fragments' size, astronomers studied spectrographic analyses of Jupiter's outer atmosphere(想得到一份資訊). These analyses revealed unprecedented traces of sulfur after the fragments' entry(發現一件事有關硫磺). The fragments themselves almost certainly contained no sulfur, but many astronomers believe that the cloud layer below Jupiter's outer atmosphere does contain sulfur(斷片本身幾乎沒有硫磺, 但是許多天文學家相信木星的外大氣層卻有包含硫磺). Since sulfur would have seeped into the outer atmosphere if comet fragments had penetrated this cloud layer(Since表因為, 在說明理由), it is likely that some of the fragments were at least large enough to have passed through Jupiter's outer atmosphere without being burned up(前面表因為, 後面當然就是所以囉! 所以應該是指結論).

[chris8888]

科學家相信有關硫磺的假定 ; 很可能穿過木星的大氣而不被燒毀

(A) The first presents a circumstance for which the astronomer offers an explanation(不是解釋是科學家相信 ... ); the second is part of that explanation(不是解釋, 是類似結論).

(B) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.

我不知道怎樣翻譯weigh against, 但感覺有反意, 此篇文章沒有反意
acknowledges 應該是錯在這裡, 沒有承認的意味

(C) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion of the argument; the second provides evidence in support of that conclusion.

我不知道怎樣翻譯weigh against, 但感覺有反意, 此篇文章沒有反意
acknowledges 應該是錯在這裡, 沒有承認的意味

(D) The first provides evidence in support of the conclusion of the argument(科學家相信, 不是證據); the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that conclusion.

(E) The first is a judgment advanced in support of the conclusion of the argument(科學家相信 : 應該是根據科學家的判斷吧); the second is that conclusion(最後得出可能是經過木星大氣層而不被燒毀, 類似結論).

查了一下Longman字典
weigh against : 去考慮或比較以形成一個judgement or decision.

[chris8888]

Astronomer: Observations of the Shoemaker-Levi comet on its collision course with Jupiter showed that the comet broke into fragments before entering Jupiter's atmosphere in 1994, but they did not show how big those fragments were. In hopes of gaining some indication of the fragments' size, astronomers studied spectrographic analyses of Jupiter's outer atmosphere. These analyses revealed unprecedented traces of sulfur after the fragments' entry. The fragments themselves almost certainly contained no sulfur(陳述事實), but many astronomers believe that the cloud layer below Jupiter's outer atmosphere does contain sulfur(天文學家提出判斷而認為). Since sulfur would have seeped into the outer atmosphere if comet fragments had penetrated this cloud layer(解釋為什麼), it is likely that some of the fragments were at least large enough to have passed through Jupiter's outer atmosphere without being burned up(結論 : 很可能 .... ).

看BF, 可以得知1th and 2th 沒有互斥的立場

In the astronomer's argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first presents a circumstance for which the astronomer offers an explanation; the second is part of that explanation.
天文學家相信 : .... 這個動作應該不會是circumstance, judgment比較像.
(B) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.
(C) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion of the argument; the second provides evidence in support of that conclusion.
(D) The first provides evidence in support of the conclusion of the argument; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that conclusion.
(E) The first is a judgment advanced in support of the conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.

[拎]

weigh against: 不利於....