GWD-9-Q4 to GWD-9-Q7

[agk99]

GWD-9-Q4 to GWD-9-Q7:

By the sixteenth century, the Incas
of South America ruled an empire that
extended along the Pacific coast and
Line Andean highlands from what is now
(5) Ecuador to central Chile. While most
of the Incas were self-sufficient
agriculturists,(while形成對比，有題，第五題) the inhabitants of the
highland basins above 9,000 feet were
constrained by the kinds of crops they
(10) could cultivate. Whereas 95 percent
of the principal Andean food crops can
be cultivated below 3,000 feet, only
20 percent reproduce readily above
9,000 feet. Given this unequal (明顯對映下面的problem)
(15) resource distribution, highland Incas
needed access to the products of
lower, warmer climatic zones in order
to enlarge the variety and quantity of
their foodstuffs. In most of the prein-
(20) dustrial world, the problem of different
resource distribution was resolved by
long-distance trade networks over
which the end consumer exercised
little control. Although the peoples
(25) of the Andean highlands participated
in such networks, they relied primarily
on the maintenance of autonomous
production forces in as many ecological
zones as possible. The
(30) commodities produced in these
zones were extracted, processed,
and transported entirely by members
of a single group.
感想，讀完本段一定要有自覺，如果是自給自足，那就不必寫那麼多廢話了，下面有題，請體會

This strategy of direct access
(35) to a maximum number of ecological(進一步說明上面的分析)
zones by a single group is called
vertical economy. Even today,
one can see Andean communities
maintaining use rights simultaneously
(40) to pasturelands above 12,000 feet, to
potato fields in basins over 9,000 feet,
and to plots of warm-land crops in
regions below 6,000 feet. This
strategy has two principal variations.
(45) The first is “compressed verticality,”
in which a single village resides in
a location that permits easy access
to closely located ecological zones.(第七題)
Different crop zones or pasturelands
(50) are located within a few days walk of
the parent community. Community
members may reside temporarily
in one of the lower zones to manage
the extraction of products unavailable
(55) in the homeland. In the second variation,
called the “vertical archipelago,”
the village exploits resources in widely
dispersed locations, constituting a
series of independent production
(60) “islands.” In certain pre-Columbian
Inca societies, groups were sent from
the home territory to establish permanent
satellite communities or colonies
in distant tropical forests or coastal
(65) locations. There the colonists grew
crops and extracted products for their
own use and for transshipment back
to their high-altitude compatriots.
In contrast to the compressed
(70) verticality system, in this system,
commodities rather than people
circulated through the archipelago.
(表明差異一是人員的流動，差異二是貨物的流動)

[agk99]

GWD-9-Q4:
According to the passage, which of the following is true about the preindustrial long distance trade networks mentioned in line 22 ?

A. They were not used extensively in most of the preindustrial world.
B. They were used to some extent by the people of the Andean highlands.
C. They were not an effective means of solving the problem of different resource distribution.
D. They necessitated the establishment of permanent satellite communities in widely dispersed locations.
E. They were useful only for the transportation of products from warm climatic zones.

AC與文意不合，E的only不好，D不能包含所有工業化前的覓食方式，因此選B，對照25行以後到第一段結束，證明B可以選出，some use a long distance networks, some not.
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GWD-9-Q5:
According to the passage, the inhabitants of the Andean highlands resolved the problem of unequal resource distribution primarily in which of the following ways?

A. Following self-sufficient agricultural practices
B. Increasing commodity production from the ecological zones in the highland basins
C. Increasing their reliance on long-distance trade networks
D. Establishing satellite communities throughout the Andean highlands
E. Establishing production forces in ecological zones beyond their parent communities

乍看之下會選A，但事實上，本題是要求according to the passage,全文更重要的目的是說在單一地區吃不飽，必須透過其他方式尋找食物，E的意義會比A更全面
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GWD-9-Q6:
The passage suggests that as a way of addressing the problem of different resource distribution in the preindustrial world, the practice of vertical economy differed from the use of long-distance trade networks in that vertical economy allowed

A. commodities to reach the end consumer faster
B. a wide variety of agricultural goods to reach the end consumer
C. a single group to maintain control over the production process
D. greater access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones
E. greater use of self-sufficient agricultural techniques

選C，請看第36行
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GWD-9-Q7:
The passage suggests that for an Andean highland village attempting to resolve the problem of unequal resource distribution, the strategy known as compressed verticality would probably be inappropriate for which of the following situations?

A. The village’s location is such that it is difficult for the village to participate in long-distance trade networks.
B. The village does not have the resources to establish permanent satellite communities in production zones beyond the home community.
C. The warm-land crop regions nearest to the village are all below 6,000 feet.
D. The location of the village does not provide ready access to an adequate variety of ecological zones.
E. The nearest crop production zones are located below the village, while the nearest pasturelands are located above the village.
對照第47行，直接選D，compressed vertically 的條件就是easy access to closely ecology zones.

[agk99]

http://www.formosamba.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=1726

[best555tw]

Although the peoples of the Andean highlands participated in such networks, they relied primarily on the maintenance of autonomous production forces in as many ecological zones as possible.

這句是什麼意思???
真糟糕閱讀真差......

[cocaine]

Although the peoples of the Andean highlands participated in such networks, they relied primarily on the maintenance of autonomous production forces in as many ecological zones as possible.

這句是什麼意思???
真糟糕閱讀真差......

說雖然A高地人會參加這樣的食物輸送網路,可是他們是主要是依賴自治的生產力量的維持生計,那些力量是僅可能在粉多的生態區域
簡單說就是自己找生產地自己生產

[cynthiachan]

GWD-9-Q5:
According to the passage, the inhabitants of the Andean highlands resolved the problem of unequal resource distribution primarily in which of the following ways?

A. Following self-sufficient agricultural practices
B. Increasing commodity production from the ecological zones in the highland basins
C. Increasing their reliance on long-distance trade networks
D. Establishing satellite communities throughout the Andean highlands
E. Establishing production forces in ecological zones beyond their parent communities

在文章中有提到兩種variation
1. compressed verticality，在描述過程中有明顯提到ecological zones
2. vertical archipelago，只有提到locations: tropical forests or coastal locations
E的選項是不是指有包含第一種，請問我這樣的詮釋對嗎?
如果對的話，那麼A是不是會比E好？

[SELVICHY]

GWD-9-Q4:
According to the passage, which of the following is true about the preindustrial long distance trade networks mentioned in line 22 ?

A. They were not used extensively in most of the preindustrial world.
B. They were used to some extent by the people of the Andean highlands.
C. They were not an effective means of solving the problem of different resource distribution.
D. They necessitated the establishment of permanent satellite communities in widely dispersed locations.
E. They were useful only for the transportation of products from warm climatic zones.

AC與文意不合，E的only不好，D不能包含所有工業化前的覓食方式，因此選B，對照25行以後到第一段結束，證明B可以選出，some use a long distance networks, some not.
同意
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GWD-9-Q5:
According to the passage, the inhabitants of the Andean highlands resolved the problem of unequal resource distribution primarily in which of the following ways?

A. Following self-sufficient agricultural practices
B. Increasing commodity production from the ecological zones in the highland basins
C. Increasing their reliance on long-distance trade networks
D. Establishing satellite communities throughout the Andean highlands
E. Establishing production forces in ecological zones beyond their parent communities

乍看之下會選A，但事實上，本題是要求according to the passage,全文更重要的目的是說在單一地區吃不飽，必須透過其他方式尋找食物，E的意義會比A更全面
我之前的回文認為正確選項是C,實乃大錯特錯,這題選項應該是E沒錯,
請容許我將之前那篇胡言亂語的文章終結掉,以免荼毒世人.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GWD-9-Q6:
The passage suggests that as a way of addressing the problem of different resource distribution in the preindustrial world, the practice of vertical economy differed from the use of long-distance trade networks in that vertical economy allowed

A. commodities to reach the end consumer faster
B. a wide variety of agricultural goods to reach the end consumer
C. a single group to maintain control over the production process
D. greater access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones
E. greater use of self-sufficient agricultural techniques

選C，請看第36行

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GWD-9-Q7:
The passage suggests that for an Andean highland village attempting to resolve the problem of unequal resource distribution, the strategy known as compressed verticality would probably be inappropriate for which of the following situations?

A. The village’s location is such that it is difficult for the village to participate in long-distance trade networks.
B. The village does not have the resources to establish permanent satellite communities in production zones beyond the home community.
C. The warm-land crop regions nearest to the village are all below 6,000 feet.
D. The location of the village does not provide ready access to an adequate variety of ecological zones.
E. The nearest crop production zones are located below the village, while the nearest pasturelands are located above the village.
對照第47行，直接選D，compressed vertically 的條件就是easy access to closely ecology zones.

[enim]

這篇同GWD17 Q5-Q8 方便版大 以後整理
且GWD17的Q6 也就是這裡的GWD9的Q5
答案給A

應改為E

因為是在問unequal resource distribution是如何解決的？
應該是E比較恰當

[csc]

小弟個人覺得A，有個投機的方法定義beyond their parent
communities就是Q7的B有提到"The village does not have the
resources to establish permanent satellite communities in
production zones beyond the home community"這個選項說明了
beyond their parent communities就是屬於vertical archipelago的行
為模式，而他只是vertical economy的一種；選項A "Following self-
sufficient agricultural practices" 說的是繼續採用自給自足的方式生產
作物，以文章來看，vertical economy是為了達到self-sufficient 的
方法之一，原先在住所附近的方法仍繼續採用，所以選項A的涵蓋面大於選
項E。

個人見解，請指教

[superruby]

GWD-9-Q4:
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GWD-9-Q6:
The passage suggests that as a way of addressing the problem of different resource distribution in the preindustrial world, the practice of vertical economy differed from the use of long-distance trade networks in that vertical economy allowed

A. commodities to reach the end consumer faster
B. a wide variety of agricultural goods to reach the end consumer
C. a single group to maintain control over the production process
D. greater access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones
E. greater use of self-sufficient agricultural techniques

選C，請看第36行
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Q6 answer is D,
it's not important if the distribution is done by a single group, but it's more important for Highland Inca to "maximize number of ecologocal zones"

我原本也選C, 後來才發現是陷阱, ETS 真陰阿

[lioyd]

我想問一下第四題
GWD-9-Q4:
According to the passage, which of the following is true about the preindustrial long distance trade networks mentioned in line 22 ?

A. They were not used extensively in most of the preindustrial world.
B. They were used to some extent by the people of the Andean highlands.
C. They were not an effective means of solving the problem of different resource distribution.
D. They necessitated the establishment of permanent satellite communities in widely dispersed locations.
E. They were useful only for the transportation of products from warm climatic zones

我覺得C好像也不錯。L20後面不是寫到: ...the problem of different resource distribution was resolved by long-distance trade networks over which the end concusmer exercised little control這不是代表這個方法不怎麼有效率嗎?煩請板友大大解答一下囉^^

[winihsi]

GWD-9-Q4:
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GWD-9-Q6:
The passage suggests that as a way of addressing the problem of different resource distribution in the preindustrial world, the practice of vertical economy differed from the use of long-distance trade networks in that vertical economy allowed

A. commodities to reach the end consumer faster
B. a wide variety of agricultural goods to reach the end consumer
C. a single group to maintain control over the production process
D. greater access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones
E. greater use of self-sufficient agricultural techniques

選C，請看第36行
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Q6 answer is D,
it's not important if the distribution is done by a single group, but it's more important for Highland Inca to "maximize number of ecologocal zones"

我原本也選C, 後來才發現是陷阱, ETS 真陰阿

答案應該是C
請看26-37行

[hccill]

不是大牛,但試著回答看看...
Q6答案應該是D

由L24~29可以看出比較之差異
Although the peoples
(25) of the Andean highlands participated
in such networks(long-distance trade), they relied primarily
on the maintenance of autonomous
production forces in as many ecological
zones as possible.

其中紅色部分,such networks=long-distance trade
紫色部份代表vertical economy

The
(30) commodities produced in these
zones were extracted, processed,
and transported entirely by members
of a single group.
只是表方法而已

This strategy of direct access
(35) to a maximum number of ecological
zones by a single group 果然是表方法is called
vertical economy.

真正要讀的部份只有藍色部份而已
所以很明顯答案應該是D

[chour]

我認為GWD9-6應該還是C唷~
In most of the prein-
(20) dustrial world, the problem of different
resource distribution was resolved by
long-distance trade networks over
which the end consumer exercised
little control. (trade只能由消費者小小控制)Although the peoples
(25) of the Andean highlands participated
in such networks, they relied primarily
on the maintenance of autonomous
production forces in as many ecological
zones as possible. The
(30) commodities produced in these
zones were extracted, processed,
and transported entirely by members
of a single group. (有用到武斷字,要特別注意修飾的是"by members of a single group")


GWD-9-Q6:
The passage suggests that as a way of addressing the problem of different resource distribution in the preindustrial world, the practice of vertical economy differed from the use of long-distance trade networks in that vertical economy allowed
(兩種方法都可以解決資源分配不均,問題要問不同在哪裡?)

C. a single group to maintain control over the production process(好的沒話說)
D. greater access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones (其實是兩種方法的"共同點",而非不同點)

[steris]

請問這題答案有定論了嗎？
我贊同樓上的分析也選 C （樓上應該是要選 C 吧?!）
因為題目問的是不同點

說說我覺得 D 不對的地方
兩種方法都有 access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones
至於 vertical economy 是否有 greater access呢....
文中雖然有提到
they relied primarily on the maintenance of autonomous production forces in as many ecological zones as possible但是文章沒有明確指出 long-distance trade networks 所能到達的 climate zones 是有限的
也就是說 vertical economy 到得了的地方, long-distance trade networks 未必到不了
所以不能斷定 "vertical economy" has greater access to commodities from lower, warmer climatic zones

相較之下 C 選項就點出兩者明顯的不同

不知道大家覺得這樣的推論如何?