OG48-24(Business)(難度適中)

[agk99]

Passage 24(business)(Contrast A, B, &C )(五錯二)

During the 1960’s and 1970’s, the primary economic development strategy of local governments in the United States was to attract manufacturing industries. Unfortunately, this strategy was usually implemented at another community’s expense: many manufacturing facilities were lured away from their moorings elsewhere through tax incentives and slick(順利的) promotional efforts. Through the transfer of jobs and related revenues that resulted from this practice, one town’s triumph could become another town’s tragedy.
第一段：70年代，發展經濟的主要招數是吸引製造業，但不幸的是，這種策略總是形成別的成本

In the 1980’s the strategy shifted from this zero-sum game (零和成本) to one called “high-technology development,” in which local governments competed to attract newly formed high-technology manufacturing firms(從第一段的你贏我輸，到吸引高科技公司). Although this approach was preferable to victimizing other geographical areas by taking their jobs, it also had its shortcomings(他不會傷害其他地區的工作，也是有其他缺點): high-tech manufacturing firms employ only a specially trained fraction of the manufacturing workforce(低階的還是沒有工作), and there simply are not enough high-tech firms to satisfy all geographic areas.

Recently,(最近) local governments have increasingly come to recognize the advantages of yet a third strategy, the promotion of homegrown small businesses. Small indigenous(土身土長) businesses are created by a nearly ubiquitous(無處不有的) resource, local entrepreneurs. With roots in their communities, these individuals are less likely to be enticed(誘使) away by incentives offered by another community(難以被其他城市吸引去). Indigenous industry and talent are kept at home, creating an environment that both provides jobs and fosters further entrepreneurship.
第三段：完全是講培養小公司的好處

*144. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) advocate more effective strategies for encouraging the development of high-technology enterprises in the United States
(B) contrast the incentives for economic development offered by local governments with those offered by the private sector
(C) acknowledge and counter adverse criticism of programs being used to stimulate local economic development
(D) define and explore promotional efforts used by local governments to attract new industry
(E) review and evaluate strategies and programs that have been used to stimulate(刺激) economic development
答案給E，可以接受，選題時要小心

*145. The passage suggests which of the following about the majority of United States manufacturing industries before the high-technology development era of the 1980’s?(A) They lost many of their most innovative personnel to small entrepreneurial enterprises.
(B) They experienced a major decline in profits during the 1960’s and 1970’s.
(C) They could provide real economic benefits to the areas in which they were located.
(D) They employed workers who had no specialized skills.
(E) They actively interfered with local entrepreneurial ventures.
答案給C，看第一段最後一句，D的答案不好則是太武斷

146. The tone of the passage suggests that the author is most optimistic about the economic development potential of which of the following groups?
(A) Local governments
(B) High-technology promoters
(C) Local entrepreneurs
(D) Manufacturing-industry managers
(E) Economic development strategists

147. The passage does NOT state which of the following about local entrepreneurs?
(A) They are found nearly everywhere.
(B) They encourage further entrepreneurship.
(C) They attract out-of-town investors.
(D) They employ local workers.
(E) They are established in their communities.

148. The author of the passage mentions which of the following as an advantage of high-technology development?
(A) It encourages the modernization of existing manufacturing facilities.
(B) It promotes healthy competition between rival industries.
(C) It encourages the growth of related industries.
(D) It takes full advantage of the existing workforce.
(E) It does not advantage one local workforce at the expense of another.

[marchmarch]

148. The author of the passage mentions which of the following as an advantage of high-technology development?
(A) It encourages the modernization of existing manufacturing facilities.
(B) It promotes healthy competition between rival industries.
(C) It encourages the growth of related industries.
(D) It takes full advantage of the existing workforce.
(E) It does not advantage one local workforce at the expense of another.

E選項說not advantage local workforce.但文中說this approach was preferable to victimizing other geographical areas by taking their jobs,...
怎麼看都advantage local workforce呀？

[Behemoth]

重點在preferable to

所以這句是說high-tec方法比victimizing這東西好

所以就e囉

[marchmarch]

重點在preferable to

所以這句是說high-tec方法比victimizing這東西好

所以就e囉

我現在瞭解了，我把prefer與preferable兩字的文法用法搞錯了。
呵... :D :D :D

[pimi]

148. The author of the passage mentions which of the following as an advantage of high-technology development?
(A) It encourages the modernization of existing manufacturing facilities.
(B) It promotes healthy competition between rival industries.
(C) It encourages the growth of related industries.
(D) It takes full advantage of the existing workforce.
(E) It does not advantage one local workforce at the expense of another.

at the expense of another請問大大如何翻譯呢???

[dibert8]

別人付出的代價

[pimi]

不好意思,再請問一下, 那整句話兜起來是什麼意ㄙㄚ
It does not advantage one local workforce at the expense of another.

[dibert8]

不會一個地區得到工作就使另一地區付出代價(失去工作).
i.e. 工廠搬家,工人也跟著出走,造成原地經濟蕭條.