[問題] OG 77

[evelight]

77. A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that
the fee will alleviate the city's traffic congestion. The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of
round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor's reasoning is flawed?

(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private
vehicle into the city than to take a bus.
(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.
(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor's plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic
congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account
for twenty percent of the city's traffic congestion.

Ans: B

OG對D的解釋：
Choice D is
inappropriate since many drivers not switching to buses is entirely consistent with many people making the
switch.

看不大懂ETS說D不恰當的背後思路，請大家幫忙看看好嗎？謝謝 ^^

[DARY]

77. A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that
the fee will alleviate the city's traffic congestion. The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of
round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor's reasoning is flawed?

(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private
vehicle into the city than to take a bus.
(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.
(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor's plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic
congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account
for twenty percent of the city's traffic congestion.

Ans: B

OG對D的解釋：
Choice D is
inappropriate since many drivers not switching to buses is entirely consistent with many people making the
switch.

看不大懂ETS說D不恰當的背後思路，請大家幫忙看看好嗎？謝謝 ^^

重點在"many"
mayor只要many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
(D)many driver寧死不屈，花錢也要堵車，但這種人只有many，不是"all"或是"almost"
所以可以推得還有一部分的driver(many)去坐公車了
這樣是符合mayor的目標的

[evelight]

原來是這樣...謝謝 ^_^

[cheyen]

這這...想問問那選項A和B
各是提高石油價格和停車費用 以達私人汽車少進入城市內
那為啥答案是B
A不行哩..(ETS解釋說A does not undermine the mayor's view)
有點不解 有盲點^^
煩請高人指點一下 把我敲醒

[chloemoney]

第一次回答，參考一下我的想法
這一題是要provides the best evidence that the mayor's reasoning is flawed,
題目是指，mayor提議「對於要進城的私人車輛，每天收五元，這樣就可以減輕城中的塞車。因為這五元就比坐公車進城的費用貴，所以開車的人就會換成坐公車。」
選項B是說「在城中的停車費就已經使人開車比坐公車貴了」-->言下之意，開車本來就比坐公車貴，但是大家還是開車進城，所以mayor的提議是無用的。

我覺得A的選項正如果OG所提，並不能weaken到那五元的費用是否會使開車的人想換坐公車。所以就我看來，就是一個irrelevant的選項。

[Calvin]

agree w/ chloemoney

A is irrelevant.

[sleek]

(D)選項:"許多反對市長提議的通勤族表示他們寧願忍受交通打結,也不願付每天5元的費用"

小弟不太了解其意義?

請問(D)中的"commuters"如果是指開車(使用私人交通工具)的人,而市長的提議是開車入城要付5元,而(D)卻又說開車入城的人不願付5元,這樣不就與市長的提議衝突了嗎?(開車入城卻又不用付5元??)

想請教各位前輩的看法!謝謝~

[liwuu]

(D)選項:"許多反對市長提議的通勤族表示他們寧願忍受交通打結,也不願付每天5元的費用"

小弟不太了解其意義?

請問(D)中的"commuters"如果是指開車(使用私人交通工具)的人,而市長的提議是開車入城要付5元,而(D)卻又說開車入城的人不願付5元,這樣不就與市長的提議衝突了嗎?(開車入城卻又不用付5元??)

想請教各位前輩的看法!謝謝~

選項D說到這些"Many commuters opposing the mayor's plan"人寧願塞車也不願付5元...但這也只僅於這些反對的人並不是指所有的commuters!!

[sleek]

了解了,liwuu,謝謝您~

後來我發現是我在考量(D)選項時,把(D)建立在市長的提議已經成立的基礎下作答題思考,才會一直覺得(D)選項中"indicate that..."的內容與市長提議的內容互相矛盾,而想不通...

其實(D)選項簡單來說是"許多反對市長提議的commuters寧願維持現狀"--但只是"許多"反對,還有其他"許多commuters"是不反對或贊成的

[o_i_o_i_o]

我覺得要從文章中的上下文推出來的因果關係來找答案會比較好
注意 選項是要選最好的!
文章中的因果為
公車來回的費用小於五元(exceed cost)-->many people switch
隱含推論為 大部分的人會為了cost來選擇交通工具
問題要否定
B 因為停車費, 開車的成本已經比搭乘交通工具的成本高了
隱含推論為 大部分的人不會為了成本考量而選擇交通工具
-->否定因也否定果 最好的答案
D 你要說他沒有否定也不對
他的確是否定了果, 就是大家不會switch
但是他沒有攻擊到因, 因為他的理由是, 大家寧願塞車-->與成本無關
所以D沒有B強烈

[Lian]

(A) 因為油價上升使得開自家車的相關成本上升, 所以可能導致通勤者捨棄開車而撘公車, 因此我認為這個選項支持結論

腦子打結了,剛又想到江老師提過, 他因造此果是weaken, 那我上面的解讀就變成了weaken結論

天阿思考哪裡出了問題
請大家指點謝謝

[cyrus_tsai]

首先江老師附身
a根本和命題無關..油價和市長方案一點關係也沒有
所以刪掉
d....
江老師名言一
若是一個方案邏輯正確..就算再困難也要完成..這說了很多次
是人生大道理
所以
d並沒有證明市長邏輯錯誤啊...所以就算all...就算不是many
也不能選
寧願開車忍受擁擠也不要付錢
和可以weaken市長邏輯的
寧願付錢也要開車忍受擁擠........根本不同
是考市長邏輯有沒有flawed..不是考民意支持度吧

[shine_allen]

支持cyrus_tsai
og對d的解釋是說這個加價政策一但施行,誰都不願意阿,但現在是討論政策有沒有用,是你會不會去撘公車,而不是你願不願意.
本來很多法案都是會有贊成和反對的人阿,不是嗎?

[dibert8]

(A) 不如 (B) 直接,有力: 1. projected... 沒有立即的威脅 2. 凡車都要吃油,不只小車
(C) 無關
(D) 反對者寧可塞車也不願付錢,正好驗證市長加錢的主張是對的(就是這些人堅持開私車所以塞車,因此要拿辦法出來)
(E) 80% 塞車是外地開來的車造成的囉! (所以要拿辦法出來,進來加5元).